State of stress at the Cape Mendocino triple Junction from inversion of focal mechanisms of the 1992 Petrolia, CA earthquake sequenc

in EOS (American Geophysical Union abstract) (1993, December), 76(3), 637

State of the art and challenges of post-harvest diseases management in apples

in Mukerij, K. G. (Ed.) Disease Management of fruit and vegetables (2004)

The State of the Art in Multiple Object Tracking Under Occlusion in Video Sequences

in Advanced Concepts for Intelligent Vision Systems (2003)

State of the art of conductor galloping

Book published by CIGRE - document prepared by CIGRE Task Force B2.11.06 (2007)

Galloping is a low frequency, high amplitude wind induced vibration of both single and bundle conductors, with a single or a few loops of standing waves per span. Galloping has a major impact on the ... [more ▼]

Galloping is a low frequency, high amplitude wind induced vibration of both single and bundle conductors, with a single or a few loops of standing waves per span. Galloping has a major impact on the design of overhead lines, for both clearances and tower loadings. This book is giving an actualized state of the art of the phenomenon, the mechanisms and ways to control it. Based on observations in worldwide countries, new trends for galloping amplitudes and fatigue mechanisms associated are detailed. [less ▲]

State of the Biodiversity in the Walloon region

in First National Report of Belgium to the Convention on Biological Diversity. (1998)

State Reconstruction from Synchronized Phasor Measurements

in Proceedings of the IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Europe 2011 (2011, December)

The traditional state estimator relies on measurements affected by time skew and, while the whole system can be made observable, it cannot track the post-disturbance dynamics. Synchronized phasor ... [more ▼]

The traditional state estimator relies on measurements affected by time skew and, while the whole system can be made observable, it cannot track the post-disturbance dynamics. Synchronized phasor measurements, on the other hand, can track those dynamics but, in a foreseeable future, they will be available in scarce configurations that do not allow estimating the whole system state. State reconstruction precisely aims at using the available phasor measurements to track the evolution of the power system - at least in a region of interest - in between two runs of a traditional state estimator. It minimizes under constraints a weighted least square objective involving both the phasor measurements and bus power pseudo-measurements relative to a reference state. The placement of phasor measurement units at the generator buses is recommended for accuracy. Tests are reported with phasor measurements obtained from time simulation of post-disturbance system evolution. The results deal with the effect on accuracy of the relative weights assigned to phasor and pseudo-measurements, the benefit of taking the reference bus powers from the last reconstructed instead of the pre-disturbance state, and the rate of the state reconstructions. [less ▲]

The State, the Market and Cultural Diversity

in Al-Shahi, A.; Lawless, R. (Eds.) Middle East and North African Immigrants in Europe (2005)

“State-of-problem report prepared for the TC11 meeting held in Valencia on October 2012”

Report (2012)

The present document summarises recent studies and developments investigating the behaviour of composite frames, for discussion within TC11 Committee. Also, possible aspects to be investigated in future ... [more ▼]

The present document summarises recent studies and developments investigating the behaviour of composite frames, for discussion within TC11 Committee. Also, possible aspects to be investigated in future are identified. The document is organised as follows: • First, the global frame behaviour is considered in § 2; • Then, the structural members which can be met in a composite structure, i.e. the composite slabs, the composite beams, the composite columns and the composite joints, are considered in separate paragraph from § 3 to § 6; • A specific paragraph is also dedicated to the possible long term effects on composite members (§ 7); • Finally, a conclusion is drawn in § 8, summarising recent improvements in the knowledge about composite frame design and possible further developments. A first draft of this document was presented at the TC11 meeting held in Liège on March 2010. The present document is an updated draft to be discussed at the TC11 meeting held in Valencia on october 2012. Remark: the aspects related to the response of composite structures subjected to seismic or fire actions are not reported here as they are covered by other more “transversal” technical committees of ECCS (TC3 for the fire and TC13 for the seismic action). [less ▲]

State-of-the-art methodologies for the discovery and characterization of DNA G-quadruplex binders.

in Current Pharmaceutical Design (2012), 18(14), 1880-99

Nowadays, the molecular basis of interaction between low molecular weight compounds and biological macromolecules is the subject of numerous investigations aimed at the rational design of molecules with ... [more ▼]

Nowadays, the molecular basis of interaction between low molecular weight compounds and biological macromolecules is the subject of numerous investigations aimed at the rational design of molecules with specific therapeutic applications. In the last decades, it has been demonstrated that DNA quadruplexes play a critical role in several biological processes both at telomeric and gene promoting levels thus providing a great stride in the discovery of ligands able to interact with such a biologically relevant DNA conformation. So far, a number of experimental and computational approaches have been successfully employed in order to identify new ligands and to characterize their binding to the DNA. The main focus of this review is the description of these methodologies, placing a particular emphasis on computational methods, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), mass spectrometry (MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), circular dichroism (CD) and fluorescence spectroscopies. [less ▲]

State-of-the-art, challenges, and future trends in security constrained optimal power flow

in Electric Power Systems Research (2011), 81(8), 1731-1741

This paper addresses the main challenges to the security constrained optimal power flow (SCOPF) computations. We first discuss the issues related to the SCOPF problem formulation such as the use of a ... [more ▼]

This paper addresses the main challenges to the security constrained optimal power flow (SCOPF) computations. We first discuss the issues related to the SCOPF problem formulation such as the use of a limited number of corrective actions in the post-contingency states and the modeling of voltage and transient stability constraints. Then we deal with the challenges to the techniques for solving the SCOPF, focusing mainly on: approaches to reduce the size of the problem by either efficiently identifying the binding contingencies and including only these contingencies in the SCOPF or by using approximate models for the post-contingency states, and the handling of discrete variables. We finally address the current trend of extending the SCOPF formulation to take into account the increasing levels of uncertainty in the operation planning. For each such topic we provide a review of the state of the art, we identify the advances that are needed, and we indicate ways to bridge the gap between the current state of the art and these needs. [less ▲]