Simulation Based Assessment of Heat Pumping Potential in Non-Residential Buildings – Part 3: Application to a typical office building in Belgium

in Proceedings of the 10th REHVA World Congress - Clima 2010 (2010, May)

The purpose of this paper is to describe the application of the tools presented in a companion paper [1] to a typical office building located in the Walloon Region of Belgium. This building is a mid-size ... [more ▼]

The purpose of this paper is to describe the application of the tools presented in a companion paper [1] to a typical office building located in the Walloon Region of Belgium. This building is a mid-size (7000 m² on seven floors) office building constructed in the eighties and equipped with a classical HVAC solution: boiler and air-cooled chiller; all-air VAV system. An energy audit was conducted in this building and featured a number of management problems. Among the Energy Conservation Opportunities considered to improve the energy performance of the building, the move to a heat pump solution was considered. The identification of energy savings potential offered by the implementation of heat pumping strategies confirmed what was already shown by the parametric analysis: in temperate climates, reversibility offers a by far higher potential than condenser heat recovery given the dominant non simultaneity of the yearly heating and cooling demands profiles. Calculations show that theoretically half of the heating demand could be satisfied by the reversibility of the chiller to run in heat pumping mode. In a second step, a number of practical implementations of heat pumping solutions were evaluated by means of another software tool: reversible air/water HP, exhaust air HP, double condenser and water loop heat pump systems. These solutions are compared to the reference existing situation (boiler + chiller working independently) in terms of energy, CO2 emissions and cost on a 20 years life-cycle basis. Calculations show that the air/water reversible chiller solution offers the most important energy savings and CO2 reduction while staying at a reasonable level concerning the additional cost. [less ▲]

Simulation based energy consumption calculation of an office building using solar-assisted air conditioning

Poster (2008, October)

To minimize environmental impact and CO2 production associated with air-conditioning system operation, it is reasonable to evaluate the prospects of a clean energy source. The targets of the study are to ... [more ▼]

To minimize environmental impact and CO2 production associated with air-conditioning system operation, it is reasonable to evaluate the prospects of a clean energy source. The targets of the study are to evaluate cooling energy consumption to maintain thermal comfort in an office building and to point out solar energy to satisfy these cooling needs. Simulations were carried out with three different cooling systems in the same operating conditions to determine as accurately as possible the potential use of solar energy. For comparison purpose, the base case is a classical air-conditioning system (heat pump for cooling, gas boiler for heating). Two other configurations were simulated: a classical vapour compression system fed by photovoltaic panels and electricity grid as back-up and, absorption chiller fed by solar thermal panel field and by gas boiler. In the three chosen locations (Paris, Lisbon and Stockholm), results shown that installing photovoltaic panels on the roof is really interesting from the primary energy consumption point of view. [less ▲]

Simulation d'une pompe à chaleur

Report (1999)

A Fortran program was developed to simulate the operation of a heat pump. The internal report presents the used equations and the Fortran code. This is a version of 1999 and the code is not applicable to ... [more ▼]

A Fortran program was developed to simulate the operation of a heat pump. The internal report presents the used equations and the Fortran code. This is a version of 1999 and the code is not applicable to new computer yet. But, the main principles are still valid and could help future developers. [less ▲]

Simulation dans PEGASE de la qualité de l'eau du bassin versant de la Gueule en relation avec le développement de son réseau d'assainissement.

in Tribune de l'Eau (La) (2005), 58(n°635), 41-53

La partie belge du bassin de la Gueule, dans la région des trois frontières, comporte de nombreuses zones d’habitats qui constituent une source de pollution de la rivière. La mise en service de la station ... [more ▼]

La partie belge du bassin de la Gueule, dans la région des trois frontières, comporte de nombreuses zones d’habitats qui constituent une source de pollution de la rivière. La mise en service de la station d’épuration de Plombières en 1998 a permis d’améliorer la qualité des eaux de la Gueule à la frontière Néerlandaise, mais sans atteindre une qualité meilleure que celle qu’il y avait fin des années 70 avant la mise en place des réseaux d’égouttage. C’est afin d’expliquer ce paradoxe que la qualité de l’eau du bassin versant de la Gueule a été simulée avec le logiciel PEGASE (Planification Et Gestion de l'ASsainissement des Eaux), en corrélation avec le développement du réseau d’assainissement. La petitesse du bassin (205 km2 répartis sur seulement 4 communes) a en effet permis de rassembler et structurer l'ensemble des données historiques relatives à l'urbanisation et aux différents stades de l'extension du réseau d'assainissement du bassin, et de les intégrer dans le modèle PEGASE. Nous décrivons ici la méthodologie employée et présentons quelques résultats caractéristiques. [less ▲]

Simulation de l'effet d'un mur emboué et de fondations profondes sur les écoulements souterrains: cas de la place St Lambert à Liège

in 7th International Association of Engineering Geology Congress, Portugal (1994)

Simulation de l'impact des mesures de l'Agenda 2000 sur le revenu des exploitations agricoles wallonnes

in Association belge d'Economie Rurale (Ed.) Troisième workshop pour économistes agricoles : proceedings, Leuven (Heverlee), KUL, 28 April, 1999 (1999)

Simulation de l'usinage : essais de fraisage

Report (1998)

This report describe milling tests which have been done and their comparison to computational results. In order to obtain significant form defects, a very flexible work has been used. Difficulties arose ... [more ▼]

This report describe milling tests which have been done and their comparison to computational results. In order to obtain significant form defects, a very flexible work has been used. Difficulties arose in the primary machining of the workpiece, due to residual stresses. A more efficient machining scheme has then be defined for this step. In order to avoid complications coming from the multiplicity of the teeth of the milling tool, fly-dressing has been considered. The results are discussed in detail. [less ▲]

Simulation du comportement des ossatures mixtes acier-béton soumises à l'incendie

Conference given outside the academic context (1987)

La simulation du transport des nitrates dans un aquifère crayeux du Crétacé en Belgique: approche expérimentale et numérique

in Hydrogéologie (1993), (2), 163-170

Simulation et aide au dimensionnement des chaudières de récupération

Doctoral thesis (2007)

Heat recovery steam generators (HRSG) play a very important role in combined cycle (CC) power plants, where steam is generated from a gas turbine exhaust and supplied at the appropriate pressure and ... [more ▼]

Heat recovery steam generators (HRSG) play a very important role in combined cycle (CC) power plants, where steam is generated from a gas turbine exhaust and supplied at the appropriate pressure and temperature to steam turbines for further power generation. The power plants achieve an overall efficiency above 55% and are ideally suited for combined heat and power generation in utility systems. The performance of energy conversion is improved by reducing exergy losses which implies reducing the temperature difference between the combustion gas and the steam cycle. Thus recent HRSG designs include up to three pressure levels with reheat in the steam cycle for maximum energy recovery and the use of high pressure, high temperature superheater and reheater in CC plants. Super critical boilers are also conceivable. Since HRSG performance has a large impact on the overall efficiency of the CC power plant, an accurate simulation of the performance of the HRSG is necessary. We present a steady state HRSG model to support design and rating simulations of vertical units. The simulation model, called FELVAL, divides the boiler in its rows. The row model can also be divided several times following the tube length, to better estimate the fumes temperature distribution across the hot gas path. Another model, called SUFVAL, carries out the design as well as the automatic generation of the FELVAL units and all the needed connections. The log mean temperature difference (LMTD) method and the effectiveness-NTU (ε -NTU) method are alternatively used to compute the overall heat transferred in each part of the HRSG. The problem of convergence of boiler models with more than one row in parallel is discussed. Good initialisation of the different variables is crucial to obtain convergence. The models are tested on 2 references HRSG. The first one is an assisted circulation boiler that operates at 3 subcritical pressure levels. The second is a once through boiler able to operate above the critical pressure of water. These new models were introduced into a commercial software of data reconciliation (VALI of Belsim sa) already used by the engineering and design departments of a HRSG manufacturer. They thus have a general-purpose package enabling them to make design, data reconciliation and simulation with the same software. Moreover, the use of FELVAL model will enable them to simulate any type of boiler and to obtain informations on the change of the temperatures inside the heat exchangers. This information is crucial for well monitoring closely the operation of a boiler, and better understanding its behaviour. This knowledge improvement allows to limit the overdesign and the safety margins and to reduce the investment costs. [less ▲]