Self-consistent approximations in relativistic plasmas: Quasiparticle analysis of the thermodynamic properties

in Journal of Statistical Physics (1998), 93(3-4), 843-861

We generalize the concept of conserving, Phi-derivable, approximations to relativistic field theories. Treating the interaction field as a dynamical degree of freedom, we derive the thermodynamic ... [more ▼]

We generalize the concept of conserving, Phi-derivable, approximations to relativistic field theories. Treating the interaction field as a dynamical degree of freedom, we derive the thermodynamic potential in terms of fully dressed propagators, an approach which allows us to resolve the entropy of a relativistic plasma into contributions from its interacting elementary excitations. We illustrate the derivation for a hot relativistic system governed by electromagnetic interactions. [less ▲]

A self-consistent model of the Jovian auroral thermal structure

in Journal of Geophysical Research (2001), 106(A7), 12933-12952

A one-dimensional (1-D) model coupling a two-stream electron transport model of energy deposition with a 1-D thermal conduction model has been developed. It is applied to investigate the links between ... [more ▼]

A one-dimensional (1-D) model coupling a two-stream electron transport model of energy deposition with a 1-D thermal conduction model has been developed. It is applied to investigate the links between auroral heat input and the vertical temperature of Jupiter's upper atmosphere. Two energy distributions meant to reproduce the emissions of a diffuse and a discrete aurora are used to evaluate the importance of the energy spectrum of the incident electrons for the thermal balance of Jupiter's auroral thermosphere. The values of observable quantities such as the altitude of the H-2 emission peak, thermal infrared (LR), ultraviolet (UV) emissions, and temperatures associated with various optical signatures are used to constrain the parameters of these distributions. It is shown that the high-energy component of these energy distributions heats a region of the homosphere between 10(-4) and 10(-6) bar and mainly controls the H-2 temperature and the far-UV (FUV) emission. A 3-keV soft electron component is necessary to heat the region directly above the homopause, between 10(-6) and 10(-9) bar. It has a large influence on the H-2 and H-3(+) temperatures and on the H-3(+) near-IR(NIR) emission. It is used in conjunction with a weak 100 eV component which is responsible for heating the thermosphere, from 10(-9) to 10(-12) bar and exerts a control on the exospheric temperature. The calculated temperatures, UV, and IR emissions suggest that the model probably misses a nonparticle heat source in the 10(-5) bar region, that is expected to balance the strong hydrocarbon cooling. Sensitivity tests are performed to evaluate the importance of the parameters of the energy distributions. They show that the FUV color ratio increases with the characteristic energy (or high-energy cutoff) of the high-energy component, while the H-2 rovibrational temperature varies inversely. A trade-off is therefore necessary for these two parameters to simultaneously meet their observational constraints. Further tests demonstrate the essential thermostatic role played by H-3(+), which regulates the net heating in the thermosphere. An increased eddy diffusion reproduces the effect of a possible auroral upwelling of methane but gives rise to an H-2 temperature smaller than the observed value. [less ▲]

Self-coverage of Leidenfrost droplets

Poster (2013)

Self-defining future projections: exploring the identity function of thinking about the future

in Memory (2012), 20

The act of projecting oneself into meaningful future events may significantly contribute to a person’s sense of self and identity. Yet, if the role of memories, in particular self-defining memories (SDMs ... [more ▼]

The act of projecting oneself into meaningful future events may significantly contribute to a person’s sense of self and identity. Yet, if the role of memories, in particular self-defining memories (SDMs), in grounding the self is now well established, the identity function of anticipated future events has received comparatively little attention. This article introduces the construct of self-defining future projection (SDFP) to address this issue. Two studies show that people can readily identify significant future events that they frequently think about and that convey core information about who they are as individuals. Furthermore, a person’s particular style of constructing SDMs is similarly manifested in SDFPs, suggesting that both types of events can be used to ground the self. Notably, people who display a stronger tendency to extract meaning from their past experiences also reflect more about the potential implications of imagined future events. The results further demonstrate that SDMs and SDFPs both give rise to a strong sense of personal continuity over time and are meaningfully related to self-esteem. Together, these findings lend support to the idea that a person’s sense of self and identity is in part nourished by the anticipation of significant future events. [less ▲]

Self-DNA release mediates the adjuvant effect of aluminum salts

in Proceedings of the 4th meeting on Harnessing immunity to prevent and treat diseases (2011)

Self-Enrichment of Galactic Halo Globular Clusters

in Piotto (Ed.) New horizons in globular cluster astronomy : proceedings of a conference held at Università di Padova, Padova, Italy, 24-28 June, 2002 (2003)

Self-esteem, social adjustment and suicidality in affective disorders

in European Psychiatry (2002), 17

Self-face does not capture attention: an inattentional blindness study

Poster (2006)

It has been shown previously that some categories of stimuli are more likely to capture attention under condition of inattention compared to others. This is the case of faces and auto-referential material ... [more ▼]

It has been shown previously that some categories of stimuli are more likely to capture attention under condition of inattention compared to others. This is the case of faces and auto-referential material (e.g., the subject’s own name) in the inattentional blindness paradigm (Mack & Rock, 1998). However, stimuli combining these two properties have never been assessed. Yet it could be that the own face, because it is both a face and a self-referential stimulus, is more prone to attract attention compared to other faces. On the contrary, it could be that the identity and the familiarity of faces are not relevant factors because any face attracts attention by itself and all faces are equally distractive. Moreover, most of previous studies have used schematic unrealistic stimuli. Here, we tested these two opposite hypotheses in a first experiment using photographic stimuli and results showed that the own face does not attract attention compared to another highly familiar face or to an unknown face. Nevertheless, it appears that the own face was still better recognized compared to the others. A second experiment was aimed at verifying whether faces attract attention more than other objects with the same realistic photographic stimuli than used in experiment 1. Results confirmed previous findings that faces are more resistant to inattentional blindness than other objects. Our study suggests that a face by itself attracts attention compared to other objects whatever its familiarity or its identity. These results challenge the view that auto-referential material benefits from specific attentional processes. [less ▲]

Self-formation phenomenon to hierarchically structured porous materials: Design, synthesis, formation mechanism and applications

in Chemical Communications (2011), 47(10), 2763-2786

In this paper, we will thoroughly review a novel and versatile self-formation phenomenon that can be exploited to target porous hierarchies of materials without need of any external templates only on the ... [more ▼]

In this paper, we will thoroughly review a novel and versatile self-formation phenomenon that can be exploited to target porous hierarchies of materials without need of any external templates only on the basis of the chemistry of metal alkoxides and alkylmetals. These hierarchically porous materials have unique structures, which are made of either parallel funnel-like/straight macrochannels or 3D continuous interconnected macroporous foams with micro/mesoporous walls. The self-generated porogen mechanism has been proposed, leading to a series of techniques to tailor porous hierarchy, i.e. the use of different chemical precursors (single metal alkoxides, mixed metal alkoxides, single molecular precursors with two different alkoxide functionalities, alkylmetals, etc.,...), the control of their hydrolysis and condensation rates (pH, chelating agents,...) and the addition of alkoxysilanes as co-reactant. Various chemical compositions from single or binary metal oxides, to aluminosilicates, aluminophosphates, silicoaluminophosphates, metallophosphates,... can be prepared, offering a panel of potential applications. Some perspectives have been proposed to transform the synthesized materials with a hierarchy of pore sizes to micro-meso-macroporous crystalline materials with zeolite architectures. The advantages of this self-formation preparation method have been discussed compared to traditional templating methods. The possibility to combine with other strategies, for example soft or hard templating, to target even more sophisticated hierarchically meso-macroporous materials with specific structure and function for various applications has been presented. The "hierarchical catalysis" concept has been re-visited. © The Royal Society of Chemistry. [less ▲]

Self-Labeling of Human Polymorphonuclear Leucocyte Myeloperoxidase with 125iodine

in Experientia (1991), 47(9), 952-7

In order to obtain a radioimmunoassay (RIA) technique for the measurement of human plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO), we purified the enzyme from polymorphonuclear granulocytes (neutrophils), and compared ... [more ▼]

In order to obtain a radioimmunoassay (RIA) technique for the measurement of human plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO), we purified the enzyme from polymorphonuclear granulocytes (neutrophils), and compared three methods of labeling it with 125Iodine:chloramine T, lactoperoxidase, and an original technique of 'self labeling' based on the ability of the enzyme to oxidize and bind 125I in the presence of H2O2. The chloramine T technique produced a degraded protein, as well shown by a high non-specific binding of tracer to antibody. The lactoperoxidase technique did not succeed in labeling MPO with an adequate specific activity. In contrast, the self-labeling method gave a stable tracer with a specific activity of 23 microCi/micrograms MPO (85 MBq), a satisfactory level of immunoreactivity, and a low-specific binding (less than or equal to 3%). After labeling, purification of tracer was achieved by gel filtration chromatography in phosphate buffer (0.05 M; pH7) to which 0.1% poly-L-lysine was added. The labeled molecule remained stable for 40 days and could be used for RIA with a polyclonal antibody raised in rabbits. [less ▲]