Schottky-Barrier height lowering by an increase of the substrate doping in PtSi Schottky barrier source/drain FETs

in IEEE Electron Device Letters (2007), 28(2), 123-125

In this letter, the Schottky-barrier height (SBH) lowering in Pt silicide/n-Si junctions and its implications to Schottky-barrier source/drain p-field-effect transistors (p-SBFETs) are studied ... [more ▼]

In this letter, the Schottky-barrier height (SBH) lowering in Pt silicide/n-Si junctions and its implications to Schottky-barrier source/drain p-field-effect transistors (p-SBFETs) are studied experimentally and numerically. We demonstrate that the increase of the n-Si substrate doping is responsible for a larger hole SBH lowering through an image-force mechanism, which leads to a substantial gain of the drive current in the long-channel bulk p-SBFETs. Numerical simulations. show that the channel doping concentration is also critical for short-channel p/n-silicon-on-insulator SBFET performance. [less ▲]

Der Schriftsteller in der Konfrontation mit seinem Werk. Max Frischs New Yorker Poetikvorlesungen

in Literaturkritik.de (2008), 11

Schuld und Scham

Book published by Winter Verlag (2008)

Aias, herausragender griechischer Heros vor Troia, metzelt im Zustand der Raserei Herdenvieh nieder, in dem er seine Gegner zu erkennen glaubt. Zur Besinnung gekommen, stürzt er sich, beschämt über den ... [more ▼]

Aias, herausragender griechischer Heros vor Troia, metzelt im Zustand der Raserei Herdenvieh nieder, in dem er seine Gegner zu erkennen glaubt. Zur Besinnung gekommen, stürzt er sich, beschämt über den Ehrverlust, in sein Schwert. Die ‚Entschuldigung‘, die für Aias nur durch Entleibung zu leisten war, entspricht heute etwa dem medial inszenierten Rückzug aus der politischen Öffentlichkeit, dem Rücktrittsangebot oder dem Fehlereingeständnis. Offensichtlich gibt es nach wie vor ein kollektives Bedürfnis nach solchen stellvertretenden Reinigungsritualen. Anlässe und Reaktionsformen haben sich zwar gewandelt, das Gefühl der Scham aber ist immer noch von existenziell-individueller Bedeutung und besitzt eine öffentlich wirksame Symbolik. Historisch gesehen spannt der Band einen Bogen von der (laut Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel) ‚gewissenlosen‘ griechischen Antike bis in die ‚unverschämte‘ Gegenwart. Systematisch betrachtet konfrontieren die unterschiedlichen Kulturkreise einander in ihren Definitionen und Kompensationen von Fehlverhalten: vom paganen Griechentum über das christliche Abendland bis hin zum Islam. Im 20. und 21. Jahrhundert bestimmen Diskurse der Bewältigung den Umgang mit der Geschichte, mit Fragen der Kriegsschuld oder des Völkermordes. Kulturelle, nationale, historische und gender-spezifische Unterschiede prägen die verbalen Entschuldigungen, das öffentliche und private Verhalten, Kleidercode und Körpersprache. Während Schamdiskurse dazu dienen, eigenes Fehlverhalten in der Gemeinschaft zu regulieren oder vor dem Selbst zu rechtfertigen, funktionieren umgekehrt Schuldzuschreibungen oder gezielte Beschämungen des anderen als Herrschaftsinstrumente: prominent etwa in den Bildern von Abu Ghraib. [less ▲]

A Schur Complement Method for DAE Systems in Power System Simulation

Scientific conference (2012, June 28)

The power system networks in North America and Europe are the largest man-made interconnected systems in the world. Many power system applications rely on time consuming dynamic simulations of large-scale ... [more ▼]

The power system networks in North America and Europe are the largest man-made interconnected systems in the world. Many power system applications rely on time consuming dynamic simulations of large-scale power systems in order to optimize the operation and ensure the reliability of the electricity network. Dynamic simulations of power systems involve the solution of a series of initial value, stiff, hybrid DAE systems over a time window. To achieve this, the time window is discretized and a new DAE system is formed and solved at each time step, with initial values taken from the previous time step solution. At each new time step, the DAE system to be solved can be different because of the discrete variables involved in the formulation (e.g. a differential equation can become algebraic and vice versa). A non-overlapping domain decomposition is proposed to speed up the solution of the DAE system using the Schur Complement Method. The special structure of the physical system helps define the domain partitioning scheme and eliminates the need for a partitioning algorithm. It allows the formulation and solution of the reduced system using sparse, direct solvers to obtain the interface variables. Afterward, the parallel evaluation of the internal subdomain variables is possible and efficient load balancing is achieved. Numerically, the method shows no convergence degradation when compared to the integrated method, which is traditionally used for solving power system DAEs. The aspects of decomposition, solution and optimization of the algorithm for the specific problem are discussed and results from the application of the DDM on realistic power system models are presented. [less ▲]

Sciatic Nerve Regeneration through Venous or Nervous Grafts in the Rat

in Experimental Neurology (1997), 148(1), 236-46

This study analyses the interest of isologous venous grafts filled with saline or with Schwann cells versus nerve grafts as guides for regeneration of the sciatic nerve in 35 Wistar rats ... [more ▼]

This study analyses the interest of isologous venous grafts filled with saline or with Schwann cells versus nerve grafts as guides for regeneration of the sciatic nerve in 35 Wistar rats. Electrophysiological parameters (conduction velocities and distal latencies of motor responses) and the functional index of De Medinacelli were measured several times from 1 month to 1 year after surgery. An histological analysis was performed on 2 control rats and on 3 rats killed 6 or 12 months after surgery: the total number of fibers was counted on a montage photoprint of the whole nerve, and the diameters of axons and the thickness of the myelin sheath were measured on digitized images. With a portion of nerve as guide, the regeneration is faster than with a vein. However, regeneration after 6 months is at least as good with a venous graft filled with Schwann cells, as assessed by electrophysiological, functional, and histological analysis. The addition of Schwann cells in grafted veins allows the nerve to regenerate through longer gaps than previously described (25 vs 15 mm). In order to assess the quality of nerve regeneration, functional, electrophysiological, and histological analysis are complementary. [less ▲]

A Science and Technology Studies Approach of (Nuclear) Technology Assessment

Scientific conference (2012, February 21)

La science au service de l'apostolat. L'enseignement des Jésuites anglais à Liège aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles

in Archives Internationales d'Histoire des Sciences (2002), 52(148), 212-226

Science case for 1 mas spectro-imagining in the near-infrared

in Schöller, Markus; Danchi, William; Delplancke, Françoise (Eds.) Optical and Infrared Interferometry (2008, July 01)

We present the work developed within the science team of the Very Large Telescope Interferometer Spectro-Imager (VSI) during the Phase A studies. VSI aims at delivering ~ 1 milliarcsecond resolution data ... [more ▼]

We present the work developed within the science team of the Very Large Telescope Interferometer Spectro-Imager (VSI) during the Phase A studies. VSI aims at delivering ~ 1 milliarcsecond resolution data cubes in the near-infrared, with several spectral resolutions up to 12 000, by combining up to 8 VLTI telescopes. In the design of an instrument, the science case plays a central role by supporting the instrument construction decision, defining the top-level requirements and balancing design options. The overall science philosophy of VSI was that of a general user instrument serving a broad community. The science team addressed themes which included several areas of astrophysics and illustrated specific modes of operation of the instrument: a) YSO disks and winds; b) Multiplicity of young stars; c) Exoplanets; d) Debris disks; e) Stellar surface imaging; f) The environments of evolved stars; g) AGN tori; h) AGN's Broad Line Region; i) Supermassive black-holes; and j) Microlensing. The main conclusions can be summarized as follows: a) The accessible targets and related science are extremely sensitive to the instrument limiting magnitude; the instrument should be optimized for sensitivity and have its own fringe tracker. b) Most of the science cases are readily achievable with on-axis fringe tracking, off-axis fringe tracking enabling extra science. c) In most targets (YSOs, evolved stars and AGNs), the interpretation and analysis of circumstellar/nuclear dust morphology requires direct access to the gas via spectral resolved studies of emission lines, requiring at least a spectral resolution of 2 500. d) To routinely deliver images at the required sensitivity, the number of telescopes in determinant, with 6 telescopes being favored. e) The factorial increase in the number of closure phases and visibilities, gained in a single observation, makes massive surveys of parameters and related science for the first time possible. f) High dynamic range imaging and very high dynamic range differential closure phase are possible allowing the study of debris disks and characterization of pegasides. g) Spectro-imaging in the near-infrared is highly complementary to ALMA, adaptive optics and interferometric imaging in the thermal infrared. [less ▲]

La science de Merlin

in Op. Cit. : Revue de Littératures Française et Comparée (2000), 15

Voyant du passé et de l'avenir, Merlin possède une science qui correspond à celle de l'écrivain sur le cycle du Petit Saint Graal. On découvre ainsi dans le Roman de Merlin la situation extraordinaire d ... [more ▼]

Voyant du passé et de l'avenir, Merlin possède une science qui correspond à celle de l'écrivain sur le cycle du Petit Saint Graal. On découvre ainsi dans le Roman de Merlin la situation extraordinaire d'un narrateur en principe omniscient dont le savoir est restreint par les connaissances du héros. [less ▲]

La science et les nourritures terrestres

Speech (1955)