Scanning Hall probe microscopy of unconventional vortex patterns in the two-gap MgB2 superconductor

in Physical Review. B : Condensed Matter (2012), 85

The low magnetic field vortex patterns nucleation and evolution in a high-quality two-gap superconductor MgB2 single crystal have been investigated by low-temperature scanning Hall probe microscopy. Large ... [more ▼]

The low magnetic field vortex patterns nucleation and evolution in a high-quality two-gap superconductor MgB2 single crystal have been investigated by low-temperature scanning Hall probe microscopy. Large areas have been imaged with single-vortex resolution while changing systematically the thermodynamic parameters for field and temperature. The obtained patterns have been studied and compared with those of a reference 2H-NbSe2 single crystal. We found that the observed vortex patterns in MgB2 (e.g., stripes, clusters) appear due to competing vortex-vortex interactions as suggested by the theory of type-1.5 superconductivity. [less ▲]

Scantling Multi-objective Optimisation of a LNG Carrier

in Marine Structures (2010), 23(3), 288-302

Numerous real-world problems relating to ship design are characterized by many alternatives. Moreover in the scantling design, minimum production cost, minimum weight and maximum moment of inertia ... [more ▼]

Numerous real-world problems relating to ship design are characterized by many alternatives. Moreover in the scantling design, minimum production cost, minimum weight and maximum moment of inertia (stiffness) are conflicting objectives. Ship design is a complex endeavour requiring the successful coordination of many different disciplines, both technical and non-technical. Basic design is the least defined stage of the ship design process and seeks to define the optimal amidships section structure. For that purpose, recent improvements were made to the LBR-5 software to optimise the scantling of ship sections by considering production cost, weight and moment of inertia in the optimisation objective function. A real multi-criterion optimisation of a LNG carrier is conducted in this paper to illustrate the analysis process. Pareto frontiers are obtained and results highlight that LBR-5 is competitive software to optimise scantling of ships at very early design stage with management of critical problems studied normally at a later step of the design. [less ▲]

Scantling Optimization of Double-Hull Structures to Minimize their Production Cost

in IMDC 2006, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA, May 2006 (2006, May)

Scaphandre La science rencontre l'art: L'alimentation

in Haubruge, Eric; Bay, Daniel; Semal, Jean (Eds.) Scaphandre La science rencontre l'art (2012)

Scapular positioning in athlete's shoulder : particularities, clinical measurements and implications.

in Sports Medicine (2008), 38(5), 369-86

Despite the essential role played by the scapula in shoulder function, current concepts in shoulder training and treatment regularly neglect its contribution. The 'scapular dyskinesis' is an alteration of ... [more ▼]

Despite the essential role played by the scapula in shoulder function, current concepts in shoulder training and treatment regularly neglect its contribution. The 'scapular dyskinesis' is an alteration of the normal scapular kinematics as part of scapulohumeral rhythm, which has been shown to be a nonspecific response to a host of proximal and distal shoulder injuries. The dyskinesis can react in many ways with shoulder motion and function to increase the dysfunction. Thoracic kyphosis, acromio-clavicular joint disorders, subacromial or internal impingement, instability or labral pathology can alter scapular kinematics. Indeed, alteration of scapular stabilizing muscle activation, inflexibility of the muscles and capsule-ligamentous complex around the shoulder may affect the resting position and motion of the scapula. Given the interest in the scapular positioning and patterns of motion, this article aims to give a detailed overview of the literature focusing on the role of the scapula within the shoulder complex through the sports context. Such an examination of the role of the scapula requires the description of the normal pattern of scapula motion during shoulder movement; this also implies the study of possible scapular adaptations with sports practice and scapular dyskinesis concomitant to fatigue, impingement and instability. Different methods of scapular positioning evaluation are gathered from the literature in order to offer to the therapist the possibility of detecting scapular asymmetries through clinical examinations. Furthermore, current concepts of rehabilitation dealing with relieving symptoms associated with inflexibility, weakness or activation imbalance of the muscles are described. Repeating clinical assessments throughout the rehabilitation process highlights improvements and allows the therapist to actualize rationally his or her intervention. The return to the field must be accompanied by a transitory phase, which is conducive to integrating new instructions during sports gestures. On the basis of the possible scapular disturbance entailed in sports practice, a preventive approach that could be incorporated into training management is encouraged. [less ▲]

Scarless cholecystectomy: laparoscopic surgery by unique umbilical incision

in Revue Médicale de Liège (2010), 65(10), 543-4

The scavenging crustacean guild in the Antarctic shelf and deep-sea communities: composition, distribution and eco-functional role

Poster (2003, October)

Scenari del sé e monumenti in posa nella fotografia turistica

in Espressione/Contenuto Rivista on-line dell'Associazione Italiana di Studi Semiotici (2005, December 31)

Ce travail porte sur les pratiques touristiques dans les villes d’art, témoignées et textualisées dans la photographie d’amateur. Il étudie notamment les configurations textuelles que j’ai distinguées ... [more ▼]

Ce travail porte sur les pratiques touristiques dans les villes d’art, témoignées et textualisées dans la photographie d’amateur. Il étudie notamment les configurations textuelles que j’ai distinguées ainsi : 1) photo de monument, 2) photo de paysage urbain, 3) photo-panorama, 4) photo « en raccourci », 5) photo-journal intime. Ce catalogage vise à montrer les différentes manières d’inscription du corps et de l’identité (soi-idem et soi-ipse) du producteur et de l’observateur sur l’architecture et les espaces de la ville d’un côté, et sur le support photographique de l’autre. Ces configurations de points de vue ont été étudiées non seulement en relation entre elles, mais aussi en relation avec d’autres configurations textuelles, comme par exemple celles de la photo-souvenir de « paysage naturel », et en relation avec d’autres statuts sociaux de la photo, comme ceux du portrait de famille, du reportage de voyage dans la presse et du reportage « d’auteur ». [less ▲]

Le Scénario de court-métrage de fiction

Conference given outside the academic context (2003)

Scenario Trees and Policy Selection for Multistage Stochastic Programming Using Machine Learning

in INFORMS Journal on Computing (in press)

In the context of multistage stochastic optimization problems, we propose a hybrid strategy for generalizing to nonlinear decision rules, using machine learning, a finite data set of constrained vector ... [more ▼]

In the context of multistage stochastic optimization problems, we propose a hybrid strategy for generalizing to nonlinear decision rules, using machine learning, a finite data set of constrained vector-valued recourse decisions optimized using scenario-tree techniques from multistage stochastic programming. The decision rules are based on a statistical model inferred from a given scenario-tree solution and are selected by out-of-sample simulation given the true problem. Because the learned rules depend on the given scenario tree, we repeat the procedure for a large number of randomly generated scenario trees and then select the best solution (policy) found for the true problem. The scheme leads to an ex post selection of the scenario tree itself. Numerical tests evaluate the dependence of the approach on the machine learning aspects and show cases where one can obtain near-optimal solutions, starting with a “weak” scenario-tree generator that randomizes the branching structure of the trees. [less ▲]