Regulation by reactive oxygen species of interleukin-1beta, nitric oxide and prostaglandin E(2) production by human chondrocytes.Mathy, Marianne ; Deby, Ginette ; Reginster, Jean-Yves et alin Osteoarthritis and Cartilage (2002), 10(7), 547-55 OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of two drugs, N-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), on interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2 ... [more ▼] OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of two drugs, N-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), on interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production by human chondrocytes. The effect of aceclofenac (ACECLO), a non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID), was also examined. METHODS: Human chondrocytes were enzymatically isolated from osteoarthritic knee cartilage and then maintained in culture in suspension for 48h in the absence or in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (10 microg/ml), L-NMMA (0.5mM), NAC (1mM) or ACECLO (6.10(-6)M). IL-1beta and PGE(2) productions were quantified by specific immunoassays. Nitrite was measured in the culture supernatants by a spectrophotometric method based upon the Griess reaction. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and IL-1beta gene expressions were quantified by transcription of mRNA followed by real time and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. COX-2 protein expression was analysed by Western blot. RESULTS: LPS markedly increased the expression of IL-1beta, iNOS and COX-2 genes. In parallel, NO(2) and PGE(2) amounts found in the culture supernatants were significantly enhanced whereas IL-1beta was immunologically undetectable. The addition of L-NMMA (0.5mM) fully blocked LPS-induced NO production but greatly increased PGE(2) production, suggesting a negative effect of NO on PGE(2) synthesis. Inversely, NO production was stimulated by NAC while PGE(2) production was not affected. Interestingly, NAC increased the IL-1beta and iNOS mRNA levels but did not significantly modify COX-2 mRNA expression. L-NMMA did not significantly affect the expression of IL-1beta, iNOS and COX-2. The amount of COX-2 protein did not change in the presence of the antioxidants. Finally, ACECLO fully blocked the production of PGE(2) by chondrocytes without affecting the levels of COX-2 mRNA. CONCLUSIONS: The stimulation of IL-1beta, NO and PGE(2) production by LPS is differentially controlled by reactive oxygen species (ROS). In fact, L-NMMA and NAC have different mechanisms of action on the regulation of NO and PGE(2) productions. L-NMMA fully inhibits NO but increases PGE(2) production whereas NAC up-regulates NO but does not modify PGE(2) synthesis. The stimulating effect of L-NMMA on PGE(2) production is not controlled at the transcriptional level. These findings suggest that antioxidant therapy could have different effects according to the oxygen radical species targeted. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 34 (6 ULg) Regulation by reactive oxygen species of pro-inflammatory genes in chondrocytesHenrotin, Yves ; Mathy, Marianne ; Sanchez, Christelle et alin Osteoarthritis and Cartilage (2002), 10(Suppl A), 34 Detailed reference viewed: 22 (5 ULg) La régulation dans les télécommunications: une approche croisée de l'économie et du droitThirion, Nicolas ; in Thirion, Nicolas (Ed.) Libéralisations, privatisations, régulations. Aspects juridiques et économiques des régulations sectorielles. Marchés financiers - Télécoms - Médias - Santé (2007) Analyse croisée, sous les angles juridiques et économiques, du processus d'ouverture à la concurrence du secteur des télécommunications depuis la fin des années 1980, à la fois du point de vue de l'Union ... [more ▼] Analyse croisée, sous les angles juridiques et économiques, du processus d'ouverture à la concurrence du secteur des télécommunications depuis la fin des années 1980, à la fois du point de vue de l'Union européenne et sous l'angle du modèle français [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 81 (3 ULg)![]() Régulation de l’activité des monooxygénases microsomales au cours de la croissance.; Kremers, Pierre ; Pasleau, Françoise ![]() in Les Colloques de l'INSERM, Pharmacologie du Développement (1979) Detailed reference viewed: 13 (0 ULg) Régulation de l'expression de l'oncogène c-erbB2 dans les cancers mammaires humains.; Pasleau, Françoise ; et alConference (1994, May 06) Detailed reference viewed: 38 (0 ULg) Régulation de l’expression de la nestine par les cellules souches mésenchymateuses en cultureWislet-Gendebien, Sabine ![]() Master of advanced studies dissertation (2002) Detailed reference viewed: 23 (4 ULg)![]() La régulation de l'expression des gènes du virus de la varicelle et du zonaPiette, Jacques ; ; et alin Annales de Médecine Vétérinaire (1992), 136(8), 627-635 Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) belongs to the alphaherpesvirus family and shares many important structural and functional similarities with other members of the family such as herpes simplex virus type 1 ... [more ▼] Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) belongs to the alphaherpesvirus family and shares many important structural and functional similarities with other members of the family such as herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). VZV is responsible for two different clinical syndromes, varicella which is the result of the primary infection and zoster which is due to virus reactivation remaining latent in the peripheral nervous system. VZV DNA is 124,884 base pair long and encodes four regulatory proteins (IE4, IE61, IE62 and IE63). Using transient expression systems, we have shown that IE4, IE62 and IE63 can regulate the expression of an indicator gene driven by various VZV promoter regions, demonstrating that these proteins play important roles in the infectious cycle. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 21 (0 ULg) Régulation de l'expression du gène de l'ostéoprotégérine dans les cellules ostéosarcomateuses MG-63Lambert, Cécile ![]() Doctoral thesis (2008) Detailed reference viewed: 16 (2 ULg) REGULATION DE L'EXPRESSION ET DE LA REPLICATION DU VIRUS T-LYMPHOTROPE HUMAIN DE TYPE I (HTLV-1) PAR LE COMPLEXE MINICHROMOSOME MAINTENANCE 2-7 (MCM2-7)Barez, Pierre-Yves ![]() Master's dissertation (2011) First human retrovirus discovered, HTLV-1 infects approximately 20 million individuals worldwide. HTLV-1 is the etiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia and a neurodegenerative disorder called HAM/TSP ... [more ▼] First human retrovirus discovered, HTLV-1 infects approximately 20 million individuals worldwide. HTLV-1 is the etiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia and a neurodegenerative disorder called HAM/TSP (HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/Tropical spastic paraparesis). The MCM2-7 complex seems to play a key role in the biology of viruses, such as EBV (Epstein-Barr virus), KSHV (Kaposi’s sarcoma associated virus) or Influenza. This is also the case for HTLV-1 virus because we revealed the recruitment of MCM2-7 onto the viral promoter. The role of this interaction does not pertain to viral replication but is involved in transcriptional regulation. In fact, overexpression of MCM3 increases Tax transactivation activity dependently on Tax/MCM3 interaction and MCM3 carboxy-terminal domain. Finally, our observations indicate that MCM3 is likely required for Tax nuclear shuttling. This work thus gives insights into new mechanisms by which Tax ensures the viral persistence and leads to the development of HTLV-1 associated diseases. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 24 (10 ULg) Régulation de l'hormone de croissance humaine et ractivité à la TRH sous l'effet des oestroprogestatifs et pendant la grossesse.Beckers, Albert ; ; et alConference (1985) Detailed reference viewed: 4 (0 ULg) Regulation de la croissance folliculaire et lutéale. 2. Ovulation, corps jaune et lutéolyseDrion, Pierre ; ; Hanzen, Christian et alin Point Vétérinaire (1996), 28 Detailed reference viewed: 111 (22 ULg) Régulation de la croissance folliculaire et lutéale: 1. Folliculogenèse et atrésieDrion, Pierre ; Ectors, Fabien ; Hanzen, Christian et alin Point Vétérinaire (1996), 28 Detailed reference viewed: 110 (11 ULg) Régulation de la croissance folliculaire et lutéale: 2. Ovulation, corps jaune et lutéolyseDrion, Pierre ; Ectors, Fabien ; et alin Point Vétérinaire (1996), 28 Detailed reference viewed: 52 (8 ULg) Régulation de la synthèse de cytokines pro-inflammatoires par l’oxyde nitrique (NO)Henrotin, Yves ; ; et alin Revue du Rhumatisme (1997), 64(11), 763 Detailed reference viewed: 16 (3 ULg) La régulation de la temperature chez les animaux à sang chaudFredericq, Léon ![]() in Revue Scientifique (1880) Detailed reference viewed: 3 (0 ULg) La régulation des cycles infectieux du virus de la varicelle et du zonaPiette, Jacques ; ; et alin M S-Médecine Sciences (1998), 14(5), 556-565 Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is an Alphaherpesvirus responsible for two human diseases: primary exposure to the virus results in chicken pox (varicella) and reactivation following a period of latency in ... [more ▼] Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is an Alphaherpesvirus responsible for two human diseases: primary exposure to the virus results in chicken pox (varicella) and reactivation following a period of latency in dorsal lia gives rise to shingles (zoster). Interestingly, several transcripts corresponding to regulatory proteins present during the lytic cycle can be found in latently infected cells. The IE62 protein, component of the viral tegument, is a nuclear phosphoprotein. IE62 may play a crucial role in triggering and regulating the replicative cycle of VZV since it transactivates all classes of VZV genes and is able to repress or activate its own promoter. Moreover, IE62 acts in synergy with IE4, another important regulatory protein, to stimulate VZV gene promoters and IE62 is responsible for the translocation of IE4 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. IE4 is expressed at very early times of the VZV productive cycle, Predominantly localized in the cytoplasm, IE4 activates several VZV genes, either alone or in synergy with IE62, as well as heterologous viral genes. At the molecular level, IE4 seems to act both transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally. Another major VZV protein is a 45 kDa phosphorylated protein, called IE63, which is abundantly expressed at the onset of the productive cycle. It is also defected during latency in humans and in a rat animal model an unexpected observation in Alphaherpesviruses. IE63 displays little direct effect on VZV gene promoters, it shows no inhibitory effect on the transactivating functions of IE62 but it represses the IE4 mediated activation. Studies conducted to define the mode of action of three VZV regulatory proteins playing crucial roles in the latency and reactivation of the am-rus mil not only lead to a better understanding of the virus pathogenesis but will probably help define novel therapeutic tools. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 82 (8 ULg) La régulation des industries de réseau en Belgique; Gautier, Axel ; in Reflets et Perspectives de la Vie Economique (2011), L(3), 73-92 Le bilan que l’on peut dresser concernant la libéralisation et le nouveau mode de régulation des industries de réseau en Belgique est assez mitigé. En particulier, les bénéfices issus de la libéralisation ... [more ▼] Le bilan que l’on peut dresser concernant la libéralisation et le nouveau mode de régulation des industries de réseau en Belgique est assez mitigé. En particulier, les bénéfices issus de la libéralisation tardent à être transférés vers les utilisateurs finaux et le financement des investissements nécessaires aux gains d’efficacité dynamiques n’est parfois pas assez facilité par l’action des régulateurs. Dans cet article, nous analysons tout d’abord d’un point de vue général, les enjeux et les difficultés auxquels les autorités de régulation sont confrontés et ensuite nous identifions quelques éléments critiques, spécifiques à trois industries : l’électricité, les télécommunications, et le transport de fret ferroviaire. En conclusion nous insistons sur la nécessité d’une indépendance accrue des régulateurs, un énoncé plus clair de leurs orientations stratégiques et une simplification institutionnelle. Ces trois conditions nous semblent indispensables pour assurer la sécurité juridique nécessaire à la réalisation optimale des investissements nécessaires dans les infrastructures. Par ailleurs, dans certains cas, une intégration européenne plus poussée est justifiée. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 58 (10 ULg) La régulation des services publics: les enseignements du droit comparéThirion, Nicolas ![]() in Chroniques de Droit Public = Publiekrechtelijke Kronieken (2002), 4 Detailed reference viewed: 27 (10 ULg) La régulation des télécommunications: une antichambre du droit antitrust?Thirion, Nicolas ![]() in Thirion, Nicolas; Peltzer, Patrick (Eds.) La régulation économique dans la vie des affaires (2007) Etude destinée à présenter le processus de libéralisation / régulation du secteur des communications électroniques en Europe depuis la fin des années 1980 Detailed reference viewed: 41 (5 ULg) Régulation du magnésiumKrzesinski, Jean-Marie ![]() Conference (2011, November 29) Detailed reference viewed: 12 (2 ULg) |
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