Pretreatments and enzymatic hydrolysis of Miscanthus x giganteus for oligosaccharides production: delignification degree and characterisation of the hydrolysis products

Poster (2010, February 04)

The aim of the present study is to compare two delignification methods (formic/acetic acid1 and soaking in aqueous ammonia) on Miscanthus x giganteus and to assess the suitability to produce cellobiose ... [more ▼]

The aim of the present study is to compare two delignification methods (formic/acetic acid1 and soaking in aqueous ammonia) on Miscanthus x giganteus and to assess the suitability to produce cellobiose and other oligosaccharides after enzymatic hydrolysis. Oligosaccharides have recently gotten attention for their health benefits. Two methods were compared in order to quantify lignin: the acid detergent lignin method (procedure of Van Soest most commonly employed by animal scientist and agronomists for analysis of forages) and the Klason lignin procedure. Lignin concentrations in raw material determined by both methods were different; Klason lignin value (23.5%) was greater than the acid detergent lignin concentration (12.9%). Possible reasons of these results will be discussed. Pretreatment by the formic/acid mixture showed a better deliginification rate compared to the soaking in aqueous ammonia method. Results were based on Klason lignin. Analysis of the structural carbohydrates revealed that untreated miscanthus was mainly composed of glucose and xylose. Extracted pulps by both delignification methods were hydrolysed by commercial cellulases and hemicellulases. A major challenge is the characterisation of complex mixtures of lignocellulosic hydrolysates. In this study, the hydrolysis products were separated and quantified by highperformance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAECPAD). This method was successfully applied to the quantitative analysis of monosaccharides (glucose and xylose) and disaccharides (cellobiose and xylobiose) formed by the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated miscanthus. The influence of the pretreatments on the oligosaccharides yields will be presented. [less ▲]

La preuve de la réception des travaux dans la loi Breyne. Note sous Mons, 19 janvier 2011

in Revue de Jurisprudence de Liège, Mons et Bruxelles (2012)

"La preuve du contrat conclu par voie électronique"

in Le commerce électronique : un nouveau mode de contracter ? (2001)

Preuve et conséquences de la séparation de fait en matière d’assujettissement et d’établissement de l’impôt des personnes physiques

in Commission Université-Palais – Formation permanente – Droit fiscal. Volume XIV – Février 1997 (1997)

« Preuve et signature électronique »

Scientific conference (2001, October)

La preuve scientifique évitée: Inventaire de quelques techniques judiciaires

in Thruilhé-Marengo, Eve (Ed.) Preuve scientifique, preuve juridique (2011)

Cet article envisage différentes techniques par lesquelles une juridiction peut éviter d'avoir à examiner des preuves scientifiques là même où elles pourraient être pertinentes.

The prevalence and burden of arthritis

in Rheumatology (2002), 41(Suppl. 1), 3-7

The prevalence of arthritis is high, with osteoarthritis (OA) being one of the most frequent disorders in the population. In England and Wales, between 1.3 and 1.75 million people have OA and a further 0 ... [more ▼]

The prevalence of arthritis is high, with osteoarthritis (OA) being one of the most frequent disorders in the population. In England and Wales, between 1.3 and 1.75 million people have OA and a further 0.25 0.5 million have rheumatoid arthritis (RA), while in France some 6 million new diagnoses of OA Lire made each year. In 1997, similar to16%, of the US population had some form of arthritis. This prevalence is expected to increase in the coining years, as arthritis more often affects the elderly, a proportion of the population that is increasing. The economic burden of such musculoskeletal diseases is also high, accounting for up to 1-2.5%, of the gross national product of western nations. This burden comprises both the direct costs of medical interventions and indirect costs, such as premature mortality and chronic and short-term disability. The impact of arthritis on quality of life is of particular importance. Musculoskeletal disorders are associated with some of the poorest quality-of-life issues, particularly in terms of bodily pain (mean score from the MOS 36-item Short Form Health Survey of 52.1) and physical functioning (49.9), where quality of life is lower than that for gastrointestinal conditions (bodily pain 52.9, physical functioning 55.4), chronic respiratory diseases (72.7, 65.4) and cardiovascular conditions (64.7, 59.3). [less ▲]

Prevalence and characteristics of the MMTV-like associated breast carcinomas in Tunisia

in Cancer Letters (2008), 271(2), 222-230

The involvement of a retrovirus homologous to the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) in the pathogenesis of human breast cancer (BC) has long been assumed, but has never been proven. Previous studies have ... [more ▼]

The involvement of a retrovirus homologous to the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) in the pathogenesis of human breast cancer (BC) has long been assumed, but has never been proven. Previous studies have reported the detection of MMTV-like env sequences in variable proportions that did not exceed 40% of BC cases in several countries. However, these viral sequences have been found in higher proportion (74%) in Tunisian diagnosed with BC during the seventies. This study is an attempt to evaluate the current prevalence of MMTV-like env gene in BC in Tunisian women. We used semi-nested PCR that amplify a 190-bp MMTV-like env sequence, followed by direct sequencing to screen a series of 122 cases of BC randomly selected. The findings were correlated to clinicopathological data and immunohistochemical expression status of progesterone and oestrogen receptors, HER2, and P53. Specific MMTV-like env sequences were found in 17 (13.9%) cases of breast carcinomas, whereas the same sequences were not detected in matched normal breast tissues. The presence of the viral sequences correlates inversely with progesterone receptor expression (6.8% versus 20.3%; P = 0.03) and HER2 overexpression (3.1% versus 17.7%; P = 0.04). This present study confirms the presence of MMTV-like env sequences in BC in Tunisian women but describes an important decrease in the prevalence of the viral sequences compared with pervious studies. This reduction may be due to some changes in the virological characteristics or exposure to the virus. [less ▲]

Prevalence and characterization of Microsporum canis carriage in cats.

in Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology : Bi-Monthly Publication of the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology (1997), 35(4), 249-256

In order to determine the prevalence and to characterize the carriage of Microsporum canis in cats, different mycological examinations (including a culture obtained by hair brushing and Wood's light ... [more ▼]

In order to determine the prevalence and to characterize the carriage of Microsporum canis in cats, different mycological examinations (including a culture obtained by hair brushing and Wood's light examination) were performed on 632 animals of different origins. Group 1 comprised 467 healthy pet cats belonging to veterinary students. In this group, prevalence of carriage was 2.1%: eight cats were asymptomatic transient carriers and one cat was an asymptomatic infected animal presenting discrete Wood's-positive lesions disseminated on the whole body that were visible after sedation and clipping. The carriage prevalence was higher (15.7%) in group 2 comprising 134 European cats destroyed in a pound and kept together. In two additional groups of cats, it was shown that an infected cat was responsible for the dissemination of fungal material into its environment including the other in-contact animals. When the active source of fungus was removed, the dissemination stopped, resulting in a decrease in the amount of infective material recovered from both the animal carriers and the environmental surfaces. This was also observed in two experimental groups of guinea pigs. No association between feline immunodeficiency virus infection and the M. canis carriage was observed in a retrospective case-control study performed on group 2. None of these cats was feline leukaemia virus positive. [less ▲]

Prevalence and epidemiology of HIV type 1 drug resistance among newly diagnosed therapy-naive patients in Belgium from 2003 to 2006.

in AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses (2008), 24(3), 355-62

This study is the first prospective study to assess the prevalence, epidemiology, and risk factors of HIV-1 drug resistance in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients in Belgium. In January 2003 it was ... [more ▼]

This study is the first prospective study to assess the prevalence, epidemiology, and risk factors of HIV-1 drug resistance in newly diagnosed HIV-infected patients in Belgium. In January 2003 it was initiated as part of the pan-European SPREAD program, and continued thereafter for four inclusion rounds until December 2006. Epidemiological, clinical, and behavioral data were collected using a standardized questionnaire and genotypic resistance testing was done on a sample taken within 6 months of diagnosis. Two hundred and eighty-five patients were included. The overall prevalence of transmitted HIV-1 drug resistance in Belgium was 9.5% (27/285, 95% CI: 6.6-13.4). Being infected in Belgium, which largely coincided with harboring a subtype B virus, was found to be significantly associated with transmission of drug resistance. The relatively high rate of baseline resistance might jeopardize the success of first line treatment as more than 1 out of 10 (30/285, 10.5%) viruses did not score as fully susceptible to one of the recommended first-line regimens, i.e., zidovudine, lamivudine, and efavirenz. Our results support the implementation of genotypic resistance testing as a standard of care in all treatment-naive patients in Belgium. [less ▲]