Monitoring the evolution of irrigated areas with Landsat images using backward and forward change detection analysis in the Kou watershed

in Geocarto International (2012)

The Kou watershed is characterized by important water resources used for drinking, agriculture (especially in the important irrigated areas), industry and the preservation of aquatic fauna and flora. For ... [more ▼]

The Kou watershed is characterized by important water resources used for drinking, agriculture (especially in the important irrigated areas), industry and the preservation of aquatic fauna and flora. For several decades there has been increasing pressure on the Kou’s water resources, partly because of the expansion of the irrigated agricultural areas. This study was conducted to examine this issue, focusing on one specific irrigated area. In order to monitor the expansion of irrigated areas in developing countries, a low-cost remote sensing method based on Landsat images and aerial photographs was developed. The method is based on maximum-likelihood classifications, followed by backward and forward change detection analysis requiring agronomic expertise. Using pixel trajectory analysis, the method connects all pixels to their consecutive states in order to correct their current states. The study showed that the irrigated area has expanded by almost 80% over 20 years, with most of this expansion occurring in the past 10 years. The approach, if validated, could be used to obtain information on past occupation in the rural irrigated areas for which there is no archived data. [less ▲]

Monitoring the ionospheric activity using GNSS. From dual frequency GPS to multi-constellation multi-frequency GNSS

Scientific conference (2012, June 20)

Monitoring the Ionospheric TEC using GPS Data

in Kersley, Len (Ed.) Proceedings of Beacon Satellite Symposium '94 (1994)

Monitoring the zinc affinity of the metallo-beta-lactamase CphA by automated nanoESI-MS

in Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry (2006), 17(2), 180-188

Metallo-beta-lactamases are zinc containing enzymes that are able to hydrolyze and inactivate beta-lactam antibiotics. The subclass B2 enzyme CphA of Aeromonas hydrophila is a unique metallo-p-lactamase ... [more ▼]

Metallo-beta-lactamases are zinc containing enzymes that are able to hydrolyze and inactivate beta-lactam antibiotics. The subclass B2 enzyme CphA of Aeromonas hydrophila is a unique metallo-p-lactamase because it degrades only carbapenems efficiently and is only active when it has one zinc ion bound. A zinc titration experiment was used to study the zinc affinity of the wild-type and of several mutant CphA enzymes. It shows that a second Zn2+ is also bound at high ion concentrations. All samples were analyzed using mass spectrometry in combination with an automated nanoESI source. The metal-free enzyme has a bimodal charge distribution indicative of two conformational states. A completely folded enzyme is detected when the apo-enzyme has bound the first zinc. Intensity ratios of the different enzyme forms were used to deduce the zinc affinities. CphA enzymes mutated in metal ligands show decreased zinc affinity compared to wild-type, especially D120 mutants. [less ▲]

Monitoring, tracking and forecasting ionospheric perturbations using GNSS techniques

in Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate (2012), 2(A22),

The paper reviews the current state of GNSS-based detection, monitoring and forecasting of ionospheric perturbations in Europe in relation to the COST action ES0803 ‘‘Developing Space Weather Products and ... [more ▼]

The paper reviews the current state of GNSS-based detection, monitoring and forecasting of ionospheric perturbations in Europe in relation to the COST action ES0803 ‘‘Developing Space Weather Products and Services in Europe’’. Space weather research and related ionospheric studies require broad international collaboration in sharing databases, developing analysis software and models and providing services. Reviewed is the European GNSS data basis including ionospheric services providing derived data products such as the Total Electron Content (TEC) and radio scintillation indices. Fundamental ionospheric perturbation phenomena covering quite different scales in time and space are discussed in the light of recent achievements in GNSS-based ionospheric monitoring. Thus, large-scale perturbation processes characterized by moving ionization fronts, wave-like travelling ionospheric disturbances and finally small-scale irregularities causing radio scintillations are considered. Whereas ground and space-based GNSS monitoring techniques are well developed, forecasting of ionospheric perturbations needs much more work to become attractive for users who might be interested in condensed information on the perturbation degree of the ionosphere by robust indices. Finally, we have briefly presented a few samples illustrating the space weather impact on GNSS applications thus encouraging the scientific community to enhance space weather research in upcoming years. [less ▲]

Monnier’s hypothesis revisited: postprandial (PPG) vs fasting (FPG) hyperglycaemia at baseline and response to basal or premixed insulin stratified by HbA1c target achieved

in diabetologia (2012, October)

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors and Anesthesia: An Updated Literature Review

in Acta Anaesthesiologica Belgica (1993), 44(2), 57-60

Safe anesthesia for patients taking MAOIs has been possible since the 1980s using judicious choice of agents. The introduction of a new class of MAOIs (RIMA) has increased the margin of safety for these ... [more ▼]

Safe anesthesia for patients taking MAOIs has been possible since the 1980s using judicious choice of agents. The introduction of a new class of MAOIs (RIMA) has increased the margin of safety for these anesthetics. These drugs allow selective and rapidly reversible inhibition of type A-MAO. The pharmacologic effects of this new class of drug as well as their potential interactions with agents used in anesthesia are reviewed. [less ▲]

Monoclonal antibodie to hemagglutinin-neuraminidase and fusion glycoproteins of Newcastle Disease Virus : relationship between glycosylation and reactivity.

in Journal of Virology (1986), 57

Monoclonal antibodies against bovine growth hormone (bGH) potentiate GH-induced liver IGF-I synthesis and enhance GH binding to hepatic somatogenic receptors

in 73° Annual Meeting of the Endocrine Society (1991)

Monoclonal antibodies define eight independent antigenic regions on the Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV) envelope glycoprotein gp51.

in Virology (1982), 122