Molecular classification of T-cell lymphomas.

in Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology (2009)

T-cell neoplasms encompass a heterogeneous group of relatively rare disease entities. This review, focused on lymphoblastic tumors (T-ALL/LBL) and nodal-based peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL ... [more ▼]

T-cell neoplasms encompass a heterogeneous group of relatively rare disease entities. This review, focused on lymphoblastic tumors (T-ALL/LBL) and nodal-based peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL), summarizes recent advances in the molecular characterization of these diseases. In T-ALL/LBL, molecular subgroups delineated by gene expression profiling correlate with leukemic arrest at specific stages of normal thymocyte development and different oncogenic pathways, and seem to be of interest for prognosis prediction. Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL), one of the most common PTCL entities, comprises neoplastic cells with a molecular signature similar to normal follicular helper T cells, and this cellular derivation might account for several of the peculiar aspects of this disease. Except in ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma, defined by ALK gene fusions, chromosomal translocations are otherwise rare in PTCLs, but some recurrent rearrangements might be associated with distinct lymphoma subtypes. In PTCL, not otherwise specified (PTCL, NOS), novel molecular biomarkers of potential therapeutic interest have been recently identified. [less ▲]

Molecular cloning and characterization of a soluble inorganic pyrophosphatase in potato.

in Plant Physiology (1995), 109(3), 853-60

A cDNA clone encoding a soluble inorganic pyrophosphatase (EC 3.6.1.1) of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) was isolated by screening a developing tuber library with a heterologous probe. The central domain ... [more ▼]

A cDNA clone encoding a soluble inorganic pyrophosphatase (EC 3.6.1.1) of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) was isolated by screening a developing tuber library with a heterologous probe. The central domain of the encoded polypeptide is nearly identical at the sequence level with its Arabidopsis homolog (J.J. Kieber and E.R. Signer [1991] Plant Mol Biol 16: 345-348). Computer-assisted analysis of the potato, Arabidopsis, and Escherichia coli soluble pyrophosphatases indicated a remarkably conserved organization of the hydrophobic protein domains. The enzymatic function of the potato protein could be deduced from the presence of amino acid residues highly conserved in soluble pyrophosphatases and was confirmed by its capacity to complement a thermosensitive pyrophosphatase mutation in E. coli. The potato polypeptide was purified from complemented bacterial cells and its pyrophosphatase activity was shown to be strictly dependent on Mg2+ and strongly inhibited by Ca2+. The subcellular location of the potato pyrophosphatase is unknown. Structure analysis of the N-terminal protein domain failed to recognize typical transit peptides and the calculated molecular mass of the polypeptide (24 kD) is significantly inferior to the values reported for the plastidic (alkaline) or mitochondrial pyrophosphatases in plants (28-42 kD). Two unlinked loci could be mapped by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis in the potato genome using the full-length cDNA as probe. [less ▲]

Molecular cloning and chromosomal mapping of olfactory receptor genes expressed in the male germ line: evidence for their wide distribution in the human genome

in Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications (1997), 237

Olfactory receptor genes constitute the largest family of G protein-coupled receptors. We have previously shown that members of this family are expressed during spermatogenesis, and that the corresponding ... [more ▼]

Olfactory receptor genes constitute the largest family of G protein-coupled receptors. We have previously shown that members of this family are expressed during spermatogenesis, and that the corresponding proteins are displayed on mature sperm cells. In each mammalian species, a restricted subset of olfactory receptors is expressed in male germ cells and displays a pattern of expression suggestive of their potential implication in the control of sperm physiology. In addition to the cDNA fragments available previously, we now report the molecular cloning of two olfactory receptor cDNAs from a human testis library. Five olfactory receptor genes expressed in germ cells were localized in the human genome by radiation hybrid mapping. Three of the genes map to the short arm of chromosome 19 (19p13.1-19p31.3), one to chromosome 11 (11q22.1-22.3), and one to chromosome 17 (17q21-22). The former two localizations fall within clusters previously identified for members of the putative olfactory receptor gene family expressed in olfactory mucosa. Similarly, sequence analysis has revealed that these testicular genes share no distinctive structural features from the other, non-testicular, members of the family. The expression of a subset of olfactory receptor genes in the male germ line is therefore not correlated to their belonging to a specific structural subgroup, or to a specific gene cluster or chromosomal segment [less ▲]

Molecular cloning and functional expression of a new aphid isoprenyl diphosphate synthase

Poster (2006, December 18)

Molecular cloning of bovine viral diarrhea viral sequences

in DNA (1985), 4(6), 429-38

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) genomic RNA was identified as a 12.5-kb single-stranded RNA molecule in both infected bovine embryonic kidney cells (BEK-1) and partially purified virions. BVD virion ... [more ▼]

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) genomic RNA was identified as a 12.5-kb single-stranded RNA molecule in both infected bovine embryonic kidney cells (BEK-1) and partially purified virions. BVD virion RNA was partially purified and used as a template for cDNA synthesis. BVDV-specific cDNA sequences were molecularly cloned and shown to hybridize to infected cell RNA but not to uninfected cell RNA or DNA. A single RNA species of 12.5 kb, representing the viral RNA genome, was detected in infected cells. A preliminary map of the BVDV specific cDNA clones was constructed and five major, nonoverlapping families were observed, accounting for approximately one-half of the viral genome. [less ▲]

Molecular cloning of the bovine viral diarrhea virus genomic RNA

in Annales de Recherches Vétérinaires = Annals of Veterinary Research (1987), 18(2), 121-5

The genomic RNA from Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVD) was cloned in E. coli. The complete sequence has been obtained and the genomic organization has been deduced. Some of the BVD specific cDNA have been ... [more ▼]

The genomic RNA from Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVD) was cloned in E. coli. The complete sequence has been obtained and the genomic organization has been deduced. Some of the BVD specific cDNA have been expressed in bacteria, eucaryotic cells and in vitro. We suggest that BVDV belongs to a new family different from Togaviridae and Flaviviridae. [less ▲]

Molecular cloning, sequencing and expression of BVDV RNA

Conference (1987)

Molecular conformation and electronic properties of protoporphyrin-IX self-assembled monolayers adsorbed on Pt(111) surface

Poster (2005, September)

Molecular cytogenetic study of 126 unselected T-ALL cases reveals high incidence of TCR beta locus rearrangements and putative new T-cell oncogenes

in Leukemia (2006), 20(7), 1238-1244

Chromosomal aberrations of T-cell receptor (TCR) gene loci often involve the TCR alpha delta (14q11) locus and affect various known T-cell oncogenes. A systematic fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH ... [more ▼]

Chromosomal aberrations of T-cell receptor (TCR) gene loci often involve the TCR alpha delta (14q11) locus and affect various known T-cell oncogenes. A systematic fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) screening for the detection of chromosomal aberrations involving the TCR loci, TCRad (14q11), TCR beta (7q34) and TCR gamma (7p14), has not been conducted so far. Therefore, we initiated a screening of 126 T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma cases and 19 T-ALL cell lines using FISH break-apart assays for the different TCR loci. Genomic rearrangements of the TCR beta locus were detected in 24/ 126 cases (19%), most of which (58.3%) were not detected upon banding analysis. Breakpoints in the TCR alpha delta locus were detected in 22/ 126 cases (17.4%), whereas standard cytogenetics only detected 14 of these 22 cases. Cryptic TCR alpha delta/ TCR beta chromosome aberrations were thus observed in 22 of 126 cases (17.4%). Some of these chromosome aberrations target new putative T-cell oncogenes at chromosome 11q24, 20p12 and 6q22. Five patients and one cell line carried chromosomal rearrangements affecting both TCR beta and TCR alpha delta loci. In conclusion, this study presents the first inventory of chromosomal rearrangements of TCR loci in T-ALL, revealing an unexpected high number of cryptic chromosomal rearrangements of the TCR beta locus and further broadening the spectrum of genes putatively implicated in T-cell oncogenesis. [less ▲]

Molecular dermatopathology in malignant melanoma.

in Dermatology Research and Practice (2012), 2012(684032), 1-6

At present, immunohistochemistry is taken for granted in the establishment of malignant melanoma (MM) diagnosis. In recent years, molecular diagnosis in dermatopathology has benefited from a vast array of ... [more ▼]

At present, immunohistochemistry is taken for granted in the establishment of malignant melanoma (MM) diagnosis. In recent years, molecular diagnosis in dermatopathology has benefited from a vast array of advances in the fields of genomics and proteomics. Sensitive techniques are available for detecting specific DNA and RNA sequences by molecular hybridization. This paper intends to update methods of molecular cytogenetics available as diagnostic adjuncts in the field of MM. Cytogenetics has highlighted the pathogenesis of atypical melanocytic neoplasms with emphasis on the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway during the initiation step of the neoplasms. 20 to 40% of MM families have mutations in the tumour suppressor gene p16 or CDKN2A. In addition, somatic mutations in p16, p53, BRAF, and cKIT are present in MM. Genome-wide scan analyses on MM indicate positive associations for genes involved in melanocytic naevi, but MM is likely caused by a variety of common low-penetrance genes. Molecular dermatopathology is expanding, and its use in the assessment of melanocytic neoplasms appears to be promising in the fields of research and diagnosis. Molecular dermatopathology will probably make its way to an increased number of diagnostic laboratories. The expected benefit should improve the patient management. This evolution points to a need for evolution in the training requirements and role of dermatopathologists. [less ▲]