Management and treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus: Belgian Association for the Study of the Liver (BASL) 2007 guidelines

in Acta Gastro-Enterologica Belgica (2007), 70(4), 389-420

1. Introduction Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection currently affects about 400 million people and is responsible for 500,000 to 1,000,000 deaths annually worldwide from cirrhosis and hepatocellular ... [more ▼]

1. Introduction Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection currently affects about 400 million people and is responsible for 500,000 to 1,000,000 deaths annually worldwide from cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (1). For this reason, screening high risk populations to identify HBV infected persons is important so that guidelines for treatment and prevention of transmission can be given in this specific group. Recently, new drugs became available for HBV and new insights in resistance and definitions came up. So, the purpose of this paper is providing an update of the recent literature and guidelines concerning 1. screening for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) 2. management of patients with CHB 3. treatment of CHB in mono-infected patients and in special patient populations (co-infected, transplanted and immunosuppressed patients). The recommendations are based onpublished information and the level of evidence is reported with each recommendation. The level of evidence is graded as :grade 1 : randomized controlled trials ; grade II-1 : controlled trials without randomization ; grade 11-2 : cohort or case-control analytic study ; grade 11-3 : multiple time series, dramatic uncontrolled experiments ; grade III : descriptive epidemiology, expert opinions. [less ▲]

Management conflicts in Cameroonian community forests

in Ecology and Society : A Journal of Integrative Science for Resilience and Sustainability (2011), 16(1),

Cameroonian community forests were designed and implemented to meet the general objectives of forest management decentralisation for democratic and community management. The spread of management conflicts ... [more ▼]

Cameroonian community forests were designed and implemented to meet the general objectives of forest management decentralisation for democratic and community management. The spread of management conflicts all over the country have shown that these broad expectations have not been met. We describe conflicts occurring in 20 community forests by types of actors and processes involved. We argue that a number of external (community vs. external actors) and internal (intra-community) conflicts are part of the causes blocking the expected outcome of Cameroonian community forests, fostering bad governance and loss of confidence. Rent appropriation and control of forest resources appear as systemic or generalised conflicts. While community forest support projects have tended to focus on capacity building activities, less direct attention has been given to these systemic problems. We conclude that some factors like appropriate leadership, and spending of logging receipts on collective benefits (direct and indirect) are needed to minimise conflicts. Government and development agencies should concentrate efforts on designing concrete tools for improving financial transparency while privileging communities with credible leaders. [less ▲]

Le management de l’innovation chez Creaholic: Tensions et équilibres provisoires dans les différents domaines du management de l’innovation

Conference (2011, June 29)

Management effects on European cropland respiration

in Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment (2010), 139

Management effects on net ecosystem carbon and GHG budgets at European crop sites

in Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment (2010), 139

Management et Justice: la mesure de la charge de travail des magistrats.

Conference (2009, July)

A considerable number of articles, conferences and other seminars are dedicated to the topic of the “modernization” of Justice. This expansion of debates around judicial management, certainly reflects the ... [more ▼]

A considerable number of articles, conferences and other seminars are dedicated to the topic of the “modernization” of Justice. This expansion of debates around judicial management, certainly reflects the complexity of the stakes related to this process of modernization, and accounts for the difficulties which the reformers of justice must face. This complex process appears resolutely multi dimensional, articulating managerial, legal, economic and social considerations. Much more than a political rhetoric of the change, the process of modernization of courts is characterized by the development of a multitude of tools related to a new reference frame of effectiveness, efficiency and quality. One of these tools, illustrates the stakes and difficulties met by that the reformers of Belgian Justice: an instrument to measure the workload of magistrates. [less ▲]

Le management fait-il sens pour les acteurs de la Justice ? Sur l'hypothèse d'un "archaïsme" de la magistrature en Belgique

in Bernard, Benoit (Ed.) Le management des organisations judiciaires (2009)

Management humain et contexte de changement: pour une approche constructiviste

Book published by De Boeck (1997)

Management information systems : emerging tools for integrated forest planning

Book published by Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques (1993)

Reliable information is necessary for effective management planning. To some extent a data base management system (DBMS) often provides the underlying structure of a management information system (MIS ... [more ▼]

Reliable information is necessary for effective management planning. To some extent a data base management system (DBMS) often provides the underlying structure of a management information system (MIS). Many computerized systems can be grouped under the MIS umbrella. This is the case of GIS (geographic information system) that is optimized to store, retrieve and update geographic information. Such developing technologies that are being used more and more for the planning, monitoring and evaluation of management activities at different levels must take into account requirements of the forest managers and technical implications. In this paper terminology and theoretical concepts are reviewed and discussed. An example of a regional plot-based forest inventory integrated in a GIS is also briefly presented. [less ▲]

Management of aggressive periodontitis: a team approach

Conference (2011, February 24)