« Malheur et vanités » [traduction d’un texte latin de Bohuslav Hasištejnský de Lobkovic]

in Polet, Jean-Claude (Ed.) Patrimoine littéraire européen. 6 : Prémices de l'humanisme : 1400-1515 (1995)

Malignancy transplantation with heart graft

in Journal of Heart & Lung Transplantation (1998), 17(3), 331-332

Malignant catarrhal fever induced by alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 is associated with proliferation of CD8+ T cells supporting a latent infection

Poster (2009, September 11)

Alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (AlHV 1), carried by wildebeest asymptomatically, causes malignant catarrhal fever (WD MCF) when cross species transmitted to a variety of susceptible species of the Artiodactyla ... [more ▼]

Alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (AlHV 1), carried by wildebeest asymptomatically, causes malignant catarrhal fever (WD MCF) when cross species transmitted to a variety of susceptible species of the Artiodactyla order. Experimentally, WD-MCF can be induced in rabbits. The lesions observed are very similar to those described in natural host species. Here, we used the rabbit model and in vivo 5-Bromo-2’-Deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation to study WD-MCF pathogenesis. The results obtained can be summarized as follows. (i) AlHV-1 infection induces CD8+ T cell proliferation detectable as early as 15 days post-inoculation. (ii) While the viral load in peripheral blood mononuclear cells remains below the detection level during most of the incubation period, it increases drastically few days before death. At that time, at least 10% of CD8+ cells carry the viral genome; while CD11b+, IgM+ and CD4+ cells do not. (iii) RT-PCR analyses of mononuclear cells isolated from the spleen and the popliteal lymph node of infected rabbits revealed no expression of ORF25 and ORF9, low or no expression of ORF50, and high or no expression of ORF73. Based on these data, we propose a new model for the pathogenesis of WD-MCF. This model relies on proliferation of infected CD8+ cells supporting a predominantly latent infection. [less ▲]

Malignant catarrhal fever induced by Alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 is characterized by an expansion of activated CD3+CD8+CD4- T cells expressing a cytotoxic phenotype in both lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues.

in Veterinary research (2011), 42(1), 95

ABSTRACT: Alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (AlHV-1) is carried by wildebeest asymptomatically. It causes a fatal lymphoproliferative disease named wildebeest-derived malignant catarrhal fever (WD-MCF) when cross ... [more ▼]

ABSTRACT: Alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (AlHV-1) is carried by wildebeest asymptomatically. It causes a fatal lymphoproliferative disease named wildebeest-derived malignant catarrhal fever (WD-MCF) when cross-species transmitted to a variety of susceptible species of the Artiodactyla order. WD-MCF can be reproduced experimentally in rabbits. In a previous report, we demonstrated that WD-MCF induced by AlHV-1 is associated with a severe proliferation of CD8+ T cells in the lymphoid tissues. Here, we further studied the mononuclear leukocytic populations in both the lymphoid (throughout the infection and at time of euthanasia) and non-lymphoid (at time of euthanasia) organs during WD-MCF induced experimentally in rabbits. To reach that goal, we performed multi-colour flow cytometry stainings. The results obtained demonstrate that the development of WD-MCF correlates in peripheral blood with a severe increase of CD8+ cell percentages; and that CD3+CD8+CD4- T cells were the predominant cell type in both lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs at time of euthanasia. Further characterization of the mononuclear leukocytes isolated from both lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues revealed that the CD8+ T cells express high levels of the activation markers CD25 and CD44, produce high amount of gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) and perforin, and showed a reduction of interleukin-2 (IL-2) gene expression. These data demonstrate that the development of WD-MCF is associated with the expansion and infiltration of activated and cytotoxic CD3+CD8+CD4- T cells secreting high amount of IFN-gamma but low IL-2. [less ▲]

Malignant Hyperthermia and Severe Hypoglycemia after Reexposure to Halothane

in Acta Anaesthesiologica Belgica (1994), 45(1), 23-7

A four year child presented with an episode of malignant hyperthermia induced by reexposure to halothane. The episode was associated with early onset of a severe hypoglycemia and liver enzymatic ... [more ▼]

A four year child presented with an episode of malignant hyperthermia induced by reexposure to halothane. The episode was associated with early onset of a severe hypoglycemia and liver enzymatic perturbances. Etiology of these perturbances is hard to state precisely in this clinical context, but a hepatic toxicity of halothane and/or by dantrolene is considered. [less ▲]

Malignant melanoma and its stromal nonimmune microecosystem.

in Journal of Oncology (2012), 2012

In recent years, rapid advances were reached in the understanding of a series of biologic signals influencing cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) cells. CMM is in close contact with a peculiar dermal ... [more ▼]

In recent years, rapid advances were reached in the understanding of a series of biologic signals influencing cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) cells. CMM is in close contact with a peculiar dermal extracellular matrix (ECM). Stromal cells store and release various structural ECM components. The impact on CMM growth and progression is mediated through strong and long-lasting effects of ECM products. This paper summarizes some peculiar aspects of the peri-CMM stroma showing intracytoplasmic loads in Factor XIIIa, CD34, versican, and alpha (IV) collagen chains. The restricted peri-CMM skin territory exhibiting such changes corresponds to the area showing neoangiogenesis and extravascular unicellular metastatic spread. The latter inconspicuous migratory CMM cells possibly correspond to CMM stem cells or to CMM cells with aberrant HOX gene expression. Their presence is associated with an increased risk for metastases in the regional sentinel lymph nodes. In conclusion, the CMM-stroma connection appears crucial to the growth regulation, invasiveness and initial metastatic spread of CMM cells. Although much remains to be learned in this field, the active intervention of the peri-CMM stroma is likely involved in the inconspicuous early metastatic migration of CMM cells. [less ▲]

Malignant Melanoma Staging Using Whole-Body Positron Emission Tomography

in Melanoma Research (1998), 8(1), 59-62

The correct staging of potentially metastatic melanoma is essential for an appropriate therapeutic attitude. Current methods include computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonography and ... [more ▼]

The correct staging of potentially metastatic melanoma is essential for an appropriate therapeutic attitude. Current methods include computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasonography and scintigraphy. Another tool is whole-body positron tomography using the radiopharmaceutical 2-fluorine-18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose as an emitter because it accumulates inside neoplasms, especially melanoma. We report two cases of malignant melanoma in which computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging suggested visceral metastatic spread. In contrast, whole-body positron emission tomography indicated the absence of metastases, and this was confirmed by histological examination of the organs where metastases were suspected. Whole-body positron emission tomography appears to have high specificity and sensitivity for clinical melanoma staging. [less ▲]

Malignant prolactinoma discovered by D2 receptor imaging.

in Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism (2000), 85(1), 398-401

Malingering in expertise context: How to better understand the victimology process?

Conference (2012, May 11)

In forensic context, the psychological or psychiatric assessment occurs in a particular and different way than the usual practice in psychotherapy, and malingering has a specific dimension in this context ... [more ▼]

In forensic context, the psychological or psychiatric assessment occurs in a particular and different way than the usual practice in psychotherapy, and malingering has a specific dimension in this context. This article focuses on malingering in situations of damages compensations. We analyse this behaviour through the study of the victimisation process, the family influence, the existent psychological tests and the examiner’s role. The injured persons are placed or place their-self in a victim position that seems to be a factor involved in their reconstruction process and by this way, in the use of malingering. The family has also a strong influence on the management of the traumatic incident and by this way, on the (conscious or unconscious) choice of malingering, particularly for children (by example, in the Munchausen by proxy syndrome). Finally, our study shows how the examiner’s role and attitude are central in the functioning and the interaction of the two mechanisms (management of the event/reconstruction by the victim and malingering). Although psychological tests can be used in order to discover malingering, a meticulous assessment, empathy, and neutral and benevolent attention are indispensable elements in order to assure authentic complaints and thus to prevent malingering. [less ▲]

Malitrah : Une formation en alternance dans l'enseignement professionnel spécial de plein exercice. Présentation d'un projet

in Education Permanente (1991), 222