Les interactions entre la prévisibilité du dommage et l’élément moral des infractions

in Journal des Tribunaux (2009), 6364(30/2009), 561-566

Toutes les infractions, qu’elles soient portées par le Code pénal ou par une loi particulière exigent un élément moral. La définition de cet élément moral demeure l’une des questions les plus délicates du ... [more ▼]

Toutes les infractions, qu’elles soient portées par le Code pénal ou par une loi particulière exigent un élément moral. La définition de cet élément moral demeure l’une des questions les plus délicates du droit pénal. A force, toutefois, de la circonscrire à ses seules implications théoriques, on en viendrait à négliger ses résultats pratiques. L’arrêt prononcé le 22 octobre 2008 par la Cour de cassation constitue une illustration des implications concrètes que peut revêtir l’élément moral d’une infraction en portant le débat sur le terrain de la prévisibilité du dommage pour l’infraction de coups et blessures volontaires. La portée de cet arrêt ne peut être sous-estimée et il est l’occasion d’élargir le débat, d’une part, à ses incidences sur les autres infractions intentionnelles dès l’instant où le délinquant n’a pas prévu ou pu prévoir les effets fâcheux de son comportement et, d’autre part, aux conséquences de la prévisibilité du dommage lors de la réalisation d’une infraction non-intentionnelle ou/et d’une infraction réglementaire qui requière(nt) en principe l’existence d’une faute. La question est d’importance puisqu’elle conditionne la réparation du préjudice de la victime et qu’elle pourrait ouvrir le débat sur une distinction entre la responsabilité civile et la responsabilité pénale de l’agent. [less ▲]

Interactions entre les gorilles des plaines de l'Ouest et l'exploitation forestière : Implications sylvicoles pour une forêt du Centre du Gabon

Master's dissertation (2011)

The aim of this master thesis is to study the interactions between western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla Savage & Wyman) and timber exploitation in a forest of Central Gabon. The research work ... [more ▼]

The aim of this master thesis is to study the interactions between western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla Savage & Wyman) and timber exploitation in a forest of Central Gabon. The research work has been organized around tree main axis: (i) The determination of the impact of timber exploitation on gorilla density. Gorillas’ densities have been estimated in unlogged forest and in logged forest by pedestrian inventories of nesting sites. They are respectively equal to 3.7 and 1.7 weaned gorillas per km². Nevertheless these values are based upon small size samplings and it is not possible to assess if the difference between them is significant. (ii) The characterization of nesting habitat. We brought to light gorillas’ preference for relatively open sites for nesting. Particularly swamps and open terra firme forest are appreciated by gorillas for the construction of the nests. The vegetation type in which the nesting site is located has an influence on the structure and the composition of the nest. Plants of the Marantaceae and Zingiberaceae families are the most frequently used for nest construction. Moreover, we noticed the use of the old road logging network for nesting and feeding. (iii)The determination of the effect of endozoochory on seeds germination. The effect of endozoochory depends upon the botanical species of the seed. Too few results have been obtained in order to allow a reliable comparison of germination rates between ingested seeds and seeds extracted from fruits. However, the germination rate of the species Santiria trimera (Oliv.) Aubrév. (Burseraceae) seems to be enhanced by endozoochory, in particular by the removal of the pulp surrounding the seeds. This study demonstrates that western lowland gorilla is a species that adapts relatively well to timber exploitation. Besides thanks to its highly frugivorous diet and its nesting behavior, the gorilla is an effective seeds disperser. The role of the gorilla in forest regeneration seems to be inconsiderable. Complementary studies, particularly a long term study, would be necessary in order to examine thoroughly into the conclusions brought by this work. [less ▲]

Interactions entre Prostephanus truncatus (Horn.) (Coleoptera Bostrychidae) et quatre especes de coleopteres des denrees, ravageuses du mais.

in Internationaal Symposium over Fytofarmacie en Fytiatrie (1987), 39

Interactions in Massive Binary Systems

in Prša, Andrej; Zejda, Miloslav (Eds.) Binaries - Key to Comprehension of the Universe (2010, December 01)

In binary systems consisting of two massive stars, the interaction of the powerful stellar winds of the two components produces signatures over a broad range of wavelengths. Many observational and ... [more ▼]

In binary systems consisting of two massive stars, the interaction of the powerful stellar winds of the two components produces signatures over a broad range of wavelengths. Many observational and theoretical studies of this phenomenon have been performed over the last two decades. In very close massive binary systems, mass exchange due to Roche lobe overflow can also occur and the signatures of the two phenomena are sometimes hard to distinguish. In this review, I discuss some recent developments in the study of both phenomena. [less ▲]

Les interactions médicamenteuses

Conference (2003)

Les interactions médicamenteuses

Conference (2002)

Interactions medicamenteuses: de la theorie a la pratique.

in Revue Médicale de Liège (2006), 61(5-6), 471-82

Pharmacotherapy becomes increasingly complex and therapeutic targets are more and more ambitious for both care and prevention. Therefore, polypharmacy is frequent, which exposes the patient to a high risk ... [more ▼]

Pharmacotherapy becomes increasingly complex and therapeutic targets are more and more ambitious for both care and prevention. Therefore, polypharmacy is frequent, which exposes the patient to a high risk of drug-drug interactions. These are often underestimated although they are responsible for many adverse events that may be serious and even fatal. In the present paper, we will first briefly recall the main cautions in the use of medications as well as the most common conditions favouring the occurrence of harmful drug interactions. Then, we will analyze the various mechanisms leading to drug interactions, emphasizing especially those involving cytochrome P450 enzymatic system and P-glycoprotein. Finally, we will illustrate these theoretical considerations with some examples of drug interactions, among the most dangerous and the most frequent in clinical practice. [less ▲]

Interactions neuroendocrino-immunitaires

in Bazin, Hervé; Pastoret, Paul-Pierre; Govaerts, André (Eds.) Immunologie Animale (1990)

Interactions neurotrophiques dans l'oreille interne en développement ?

in Acta Otolaryngologica Belgica (1989), 43(5), 403-409

The interactions of apamin and tetraethylammonium are differentially affected by single mutations in the pore mouth of small conductance calcium-activated potassium (SK) channels

in Biochemical Pharmacology (2013), 85

Valine residues in the pore region of SK2 (V366) and SK3 (V520) were replaced by either an alanine or a phenylalanine to evaluate the impact on the interactions with the allosteric blocker apamin. Unlike ... [more ▼]

Valine residues in the pore region of SK2 (V366) and SK3 (V520) were replaced by either an alanine or a phenylalanine to evaluate the impact on the interactions with the allosteric blocker apamin. Unlike TEA which showed high sensitivity to phenylalanine mutated channels, the binding affinity of apamin to the phenylalanine mutants was strongly reduced. In addition, currents from phenylalanine mutants were largely resistant to block by apamin. On the other hand, when the valine residue was replaced by an alanine residue, an increase of the binding affinity and the amount of block by apamin was observed for alanine mutated SK2 channels, but not for mutated SK3 channels. Interestingly, the VA mutation reduced the sensitivity to TEA. In silico data confirmed these experimental results. Therefore, such mutations in the pore region of SK channels show that the three-dimensional structure of the SK tetramers can be disorganized in the outer pore region leading to reduced interaction of apamin with its target. [less ▲]