Innovative strategies for the control of apple scab (Venturia inaequalis [Cke.] Wint.) in organic apple production

Doctoral thesis (2011)

The aim of this thesis, conducted over six growing seasons (2003-2008), is to define new measures for reducing the use of fungicides and in particular, copper fungicides, for the control of apple scab (V ... [more ▼]

The aim of this thesis, conducted over six growing seasons (2003-2008), is to define new measures for reducing the use of fungicides and in particular, copper fungicides, for the control of apple scab (V. inaequalis) in organic apple production. Special emphasis is put on primary scab infection control during spring season. An original approach is proposed for defining a specific spray timing involving spraying during the infection processes, especially before fungal penetration, determined by the RIMpro software warning system. This ‘during-infection’ spray strategy allows reducing from 30 to 50% the amount of fungicide usually used for effective apple scab control, on high scab-susceptible cultivars. The field study shows that six alternative products (e.g., potassium bicarbonate and lime sulphur), among 60 products tested, have the potential to reduce copper use. However, copper use, even with low doses, seems to be still necessary in presence of scab-susceptible cultivars. The results obtained in these experiments could not be attributed to the specific technical performances of the tunnel sprayer used, which however, offer valuable environmental benefits. On the basis of the present study, the organic management system seems a good farming approach for maintaining soil quality with regard to biological indicators. This work shows and draws attention to the fact that (i) planting cultivars with polygenic scab-resistance traits, (ii) increasing emphasis on sanitation practices aimed at reducing initial inoculum in autumn, and (iii) applying an accurate spray strategy in spring, as defined in the present study, are the three most promising approaches for substantial further reductions in protection products fully compliant with international organic crop production standards. [less ▲]

Innovative WOLF modules devoted to environmental investigations of hydrodynamics 2D modelling

Poster (2008, January 29)

Innover ... ou périr !

Article for general public (2004)

This short chronicle recalls the strong link between innovation ability and performance and highlights the fact that failing firms are also often firm suffering from a lack of innovation.

Innover en formation des enseignants : pour quoi, sur quoi, comment ?

Scientific conference (2013, April 18)

Réflexion sur l'innovation dans le domaine de la formation des enseignants, sur les motifs d'innovation, les domaines dans lesquels elle peut s'envisager et les conditions organisationnelles d'innovations ... [more ▼]

Réflexion sur l'innovation dans le domaine de la formation des enseignants, sur les motifs d'innovation, les domaines dans lesquels elle peut s'envisager et les conditions organisationnelles d'innovations. Ce texte est développé dans le cadre d'un atelier intervenant lors du colloque de l' European Institute of Education and social Policy [less ▲]

Innover par les TIC dans l'administration locale: une approche contextualiste des enjeux de l'e-administration

in Assar, Saïd; Boughzala, Imed (Eds.) Administration électronique. Constats et perspectives (2007)

Notre propos aborde les enjeux des projets d'e-administration sous l’angle de la contribution que ces derniers ambitionnent d’apporter en termes d’innovation au sein de l'administration publique. Après ... [more ▼]

Notre propos aborde les enjeux des projets d'e-administration sous l’angle de la contribution que ces derniers ambitionnent d’apporter en termes d’innovation au sein de l'administration publique. Après une contextualisation de l’"e-volution" de la fonction publique – à travers une utilisation plus poussée des TIC destinée à y initier et concrétiser les volontés de modernisation –, nous explorons deux cas emblématiques des projets TIC menés à l’heure actuelle dans les villes et communes. Analysées au travers d’une démarche contextualiste, ces deux innovations nous permettent de mettre en évidence différentes facettes des tentatives de modernisation par les TIC dans les administrations locales. Faisant ressortir les tensions et incohérences décelables par ailleurs dans nombre de projets d'e-administration, l’analyse croisée de ces deux cas nous amène à discuter les potentialités que présente le recours accru aux TIC en tant que vecteur d’innovation et outil destiné à moderniser les services proposés par les collectivités territoriales à leurs citoyens. [less ▲]

Inondations en aval ... Impacts, risque et mesures de protection / gestion

Conference (2010, May 20)

Les inondations en région liégeoise : étude basée sur les interventions des services d’incendie et les archives de démergement

in Bulletin de la Société Géographique de Liège (2007)

Inorganic and organic carbon biogeochemistry in the Gautami Godavari estuary (Andhra Pradesh, India) during pre-monsoon : the local impact of extensive mangrove forests

in Global Biogeochemical Cycles (2003), 17(4),

[1] The distribution and sources of organic and inorganic carbon were studied in the Gautami Godavari estuary (Andhra Pradesh, India) and in a mangrove ecosystem in its delta during pre-monsoon. In the ... [more ▼]

[1] The distribution and sources of organic and inorganic carbon were studied in the Gautami Godavari estuary (Andhra Pradesh, India) and in a mangrove ecosystem in its delta during pre-monsoon. In the oligohaline and mesohaline section (salinity 0–15) of the estuary, internal production of total alkalinity (TAlk) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) was recorded, and the d13CDIC profile suggests that carbonate dissolution may be an important process determining the DIC dynamics in this section of the Godavari. The partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2) was fairly low along the entire salinity gradient, (293–500 ppm), but much higher and more variable (1375–6437 ppm) in the network of tidal mangrove creeks in the delta. Here, variations in the concentration and d13C of the DIC pool were shown to result largely from the mineralization of organic matter. The present study clearly identifies the mangrove creeks as an active site of mineralization and CO2 efflux to the atmosphere, but shows that these changes in the aquatic biogeochemistry are a localized feature, rapidly fading in the adjacent Kakinada Bay. Our data indicate that mineralization of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) of mangrove origin, and its subsequent efflux as CO2 to the atmosphere may represent an important fate for mangrove carbon. Although further quantification of this process in a variety of systems is required, we suggest that some of the current ideas on the role of mangroves in the carbon budget of the coastal zone may need to be reconsidered. [less ▲]

Inorganic carbon dynamics in coastal arctic sea ice and related air-ice CO2 exchanges

Poster (2012)

Inorganic carbon in the Tana River Basin (Kenya): Distribution, composition and process rates

Conference (2011)