Inconstance ou consensus ? Ponctuation et protase dans les chartes écrites en français à Liège avant 1271

in Trotter, David (Ed.) Actes du XXIVe Congrès International de Linguistique et de Philologie Romanes, Aberystwyth, 1er -6 août 2004 (2007)

Inconstitutionnalité partielle de la compensation conventionnelle nonobstant concours, obs. sous Cour const., n°167/2008, 27 novembre 2008

in Revue de Jurisprudence de Liège, Mons et Bruxelles (2009)

L'incontinence urinaire chez la femme agee.

in Revue Médicale de Liège (1999), 54(4), 341-8

Physical, psychological and economical consequences of urinary incontinence of the elderly woman are underestimated. It often results in depression, social isolation and early institutionalisation. It is ... [more ▼]

Physical, psychological and economical consequences of urinary incontinence of the elderly woman are underestimated. It often results in depression, social isolation and early institutionalisation. It is often the key factor that determines the decision of institutionalisation, which represent the most important part of the total cost of urinary incontinence. This problem is too often neglected and deserves considerable attention. [less ▲]

Incorporating quality of service in a benchmarking model:an application to French electricity distribution operators

Report (2007)

In this paper we use annual data on 92 French electricity distribution units (2003-2005) to estimate a benchmarking model that includes a quality of service indicator (number of interruptions). Our ... [more ▼]

In this paper we use annual data on 92 French electricity distribution units (2003-2005) to estimate a benchmarking model that includes a quality of service indicator (number of interruptions). Our methodology involves the estimation of input distance functions using stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) and data envelopment analysis (DEA) techniques. The empirical results indicate that the inclusion of the quality variable has no significant effect upon mean technical efficiency scores, and the mean shadow price of one interruption is approximately ten Euros. The analysis in this paper is the first preliminary step in a larger project which is investigating the feasibility of including quality measures into benchmarking models that are often used by regulatory authorities [less ▲]

Incorporation in bread of dietary fibres from by-products of the agro-transformation.

Poster (2006, October 17)

The incorporation of a non-natural amino acid (aza-tryptophan) may help to crystallize a protein and to solve its crystal structure. Application to bacteriophage lambda lysozyme.

in Acta Crystallographica Section D-Biological Crystallography (1999), D55

Until now, wild-type bacteriophage lambda lysozyme had been impossible to crystallize. This difficulty could be overcome by the replacement of the four tryptophan residues by azatryptophans. Analysis of ... [more ▼]

Until now, wild-type bacteriophage lambda lysozyme had been impossible to crystallize. This difficulty could be overcome by the replacement of the four tryptophan residues by azatryptophans. Analysis of the intermolecular and intramolecular contacts in this modification allows understanding of the differences in behaviour between the native and modified molecules. Furthermore, this mutation was very useful for the creation of new heavy-atom binding sites and for the solution of the non-crystallographic symmetry, which is extremely important for phase improvement. This procedure seems to be generally applicable, at least in the search for new possibilities for heavy-atom binding sites. [less ▲]

Incorporation of rapeseed meal extracted by pressure in a diet for growing fattening bulls .1. Intake, digestibility and fermentation in the rumen

in Annales de Zootechnie (1997), 46(1), 57-70

Intake, digestibility, degradation kinetic and fermentation were studied with bulls offered fattening diets with four different incorporation rates of rapeseed meal obtained by pressure; the ether extract ... [more ▼]

Intake, digestibility, degradation kinetic and fermentation were studied with bulls offered fattening diets with four different incorporation rates of rapeseed meal obtained by pressure; the ether extract content was 8.6% and the glucosinolate content 17,6 mu molg. The control diet was made of sugar beet pulp, cereals, soya bean meal and linseed meal. In the three other diets, nitrogen from rapeseed meal provided 33, 66 or 100% of nitrogen from soya bean meal or linseed meal. The intakes of the control diet were 94.3 +/- 7.3 g/kg metabolic body weight. Intakes were maintained high in the diet with 33, 66 or 100% of protein from rapeseed meal at 93.5 +/- 7.7; 93.0 +/- 5.0 and 93.5 +/- 7.7 g/kg, respectively. The apparent digestibility of rapeseed meal in the ration containing only rapeseed meal was high at 74.9 +/- 1.9% for dry matter, 76.5 +/- 2.1% for organic matter, 69.9 +/- 3.9% for nitrogen, 59.1 +/- 4.8% for ADF and 74.6 +/- 6.9% for ether extract. Dry matter of rapeseed meal was less degradable (57.8 +/- 5.0%) than that of soya bean meal (65.5 +/- 2.6%) or of linseed meal (61.6 +/- 4.2%) but was not as well protected than that of protected soya bean meal (43.6 +/- 2.6%) (P < 0.001). Similar trends were observed for the degradability of nitrogen (P < 0.001). Ether extract of rapeseed meal was more degradable than that of linseed meal (P < 0.001). There were no significant effects of the incorporation rate of rapeseed meal on the pH in the rumen. The fermentations were mainly of the acetate type with usual concentrations of propionate, butyrate, total volatile fatty acids, glucose or alpha amino nitrogen. Ammonia concentration was higher with the control diet and lower with the diet with 100% of protein from rapeseed meal. Fatty acids of rapeseed meal were more protected against saturation by the rumen microorganisms than in linseed meal. [less ▲]

Increase in Cytokine Production (Il-1 Beta, Il-6, Tnf-Alpha but Not Ifn-Gamma, Gm-Csf or Lif) by Stimulated Whole Blood Cells in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

in Maturitas (1997), 26(1), 63-71

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a progressive disorder characterized by a decreased bone mass and increased susceptibility to fractures. Several investigations have suggested that one of the mechanisms ... [more ▼]

Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a progressive disorder characterized by a decreased bone mass and increased susceptibility to fractures. Several investigations have suggested that one of the mechanisms through which estrogen prevents bone loss was a modulation on secretion or release of various cytokines that are known to influence bone remodeling, even if some recent data have challenged this hypothesis. However, in established osteoporosis, the possibility that enhanced cytokines activity may account for the progression of this disease remains unclear and controversial. We sought here to determine whether production of IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, GM-CSF and LIF, after direct stimulation in whole blood, was different in healthy (n = 30) or osteoporotic postmenopausal women (n = 24) and whether lumbar bone density (1-BMD) correlated with the values of cytokine production observed in these conditions. A significant difference was observed between the osteoporotic and control subjects for IL-1 beta (p < 0.0001), IL-6 (p < 0.001) and TNF-alpha (p = 0.027) productions, the values being higher in the osteoporotic women. No significant differences between the groups were observed for IFN-gamma (p = 0.51), GM-CSF (p = 0.70) or LIF (p = 0.97). In the whole population, statistically significant negative correlations were observed between lumbar BMD and IL-1 beta (r = -0.46) (p < 0.0005), IL-6 (r = -0.50) (p < 0.0001) and TNF-alpha (r = -0.39) (p < 0.005) production while no such correlations were observed for IFN-gamma, GM-CSF or LIF. In conclusion, the study of cytokine production by immune cells cultured in autologous whole blood suggests that in women more than 10 years past the menopause and presenting a decrease in lumbar bone density corresponding to the new WHO definition of "osteoporosis', production of IL-1 beta, IL-6 and TNF-alpha is still increased compared to controls matched for age and ovarian function, while no differences are reported for IFN-gamma, GM-CSF or LIF production. [less ▲]

Increase in epidermal growth factor receptor and its mRNA levels by parathyroid hormone (1-34) and parathyroid hormone-related protein (1-34) during differentiation of human trophoblast cells in culture

in Journal of Cellular Biochemistry (1993), 53(1), 32-42

Increase in femoral neck bone mineral density is associated with decrease in vertebral and hip fracture incidence during a 3-year treatment with strontium ranelate

in Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2007, June), 66(Suppl.II), 521