Haute couture et culture de masse

Article for general public (2012)

La haute couture a généralement été cernée dans les rapports qu'elle entretient avec les opérations de "griffe" propres à la haute culture, dans l'esprit de l'article fondateur réservé à cette question ... [more ▼]

La haute couture a généralement été cernée dans les rapports qu'elle entretient avec les opérations de "griffe" propres à la haute culture, dans l'esprit de l'article fondateur réservé à cette question par Pierre Bourdieu et Yvette Delsaut ("Le couturier et sa griffe : contribution à une théorie de la magie", Actes de la recherche, 1975). L'examen d'un corpus de nécrologies de grands couturiers dans Paris Match montre que la haute couture se trouve aujourd'hui de plus en plus indexée du côté de la culture de masse sous l'impulsion de facteurs internes à son propre secteur de production (allant dans le sens d'une certaine fabrication standardisée) et externes (relevant d'une logique people appliquée aux représentants les plus médiatisés du secteur). [less ▲]

Hautrage (Lower Cretaceous) and Sclayn (Upper Pleistocene) - Field Trip Guide-book.

in Memoirs of the Geological Survey of Belgium (2008), 55

have/be no need: the interaction between negation and modality in verbonominal pathways of changes

Scientific conference (2011, July)

We investigate how modal meanings can emerge in nominal patterns, an under-researched source construction for modal meanings. We specifically look at how the combination of the noun need/needs with ... [more ▼]

We investigate how modal meanings can emerge in nominal patterns, an under-researched source construction for modal meanings. We specifically look at how the combination of the noun need/needs with negation markers of various kinds leads to such modal meanings related to the deontic and epistemic domain. [less ▲]

The Hazar pull-apart along the East Anatolian Fault: Structure and active deformation

Conference (2008, January)

HBA1c: clinical and biological agreement for standardization of assay methode. Report by the expert of ALFEDIAM (Association de Langue française pour l'étude du diabète et des maladies métaboliques) and SFBC (Société française de Biologie clinique)

in Diabète & Métabolisme (1999), 25(3), 283-7

Glycohaemoglobin, and particularly haemoglobin A1c(HbA1c), assays have been used for many years to retrospectively evaluate the glycaemic control of diabetic patients. Cut-off values have been established ... [more ▼]

Glycohaemoglobin, and particularly haemoglobin A1c(HbA1c), assays have been used for many years to retrospectively evaluate the glycaemic control of diabetic patients. Cut-off values have been established for deciding treatment modifications. The techniques used in the laboratories however exhibit varying quality, and all of them are not yet standardized. The consequence is an under-utilization of this test, especially in non-hospital practice. In this context, working groups of Société Française de Biologie Clinique (SFBC), Association de Langue Française pour l'Etude du Diabète et des Maladies Métaboliques (ALFEDIAM) and Société Française d'Endocrinologie (SFE) have met together, in order to analyze the national status, and to propose practical recommendations for implementing a standardization process on the basis of international experiences. It is recommended to exclusively express results as HbA1c percentage, using methods standardized and certified by comparison to reference methods such as those using Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) values. Simultaneously, contacts have been established with manufacturers, and the realisation of periodic quality control surveys was encouraged. [less ▲]

The HBZ factor of human T-cell leukemia virus type I dimerizes with transcription factors JunB and c-Jun and modulates their transcriptional activity.

in Journal of Biological Chemistry (2003), 278(44), 43620-7

The human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I)-encoded Tax protein activates transcription from the viral promoter via association with the cellular basic leucine zipper factor cAMP-response element ... [more ▼]

The human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I)-encoded Tax protein activates transcription from the viral promoter via association with the cellular basic leucine zipper factor cAMP-response element-binding protein-2. Tax is also able to induce cellular transformation of T lymphocytes probably by modulating transcriptional activity of cellular factors, including nuclear factor-kappaB, E2F, activator protein-1 (AP-1), and p53. Recently, we characterized in HTLV-I-infected cells the presence of a novel viral protein, HBZ, encoded by the complementary strand of the HTLV-I RNA genome (Gaudray, G., Gachon, F., Basbous, J., Biard-Piechaczyk, M., Devaux, C., and Mesnard, J.-M. (2002) J. Virol. 76, 12813-12822). HBZ is a nuclear basic leucine zipper protein that down-regulates Tax-dependent viral transcription by inhibiting the binding of cAMP-response element-binding protein-2 to the HTLV-I promoter. In searching for other cellular targets of HBZ, we identified two members of the Jun family, JunB and c-Jun. Co-immunoprecipitation and cellular colocalization confirmed that HBZ interacts in vivo with JunB and c-Jun. When transiently introduced into CEM cells with a reporter gene containing the AP-1 site from the collagenase promoter, HBZ suppressed transactivation by c-Jun. On the other hand, the combination of HBZ with Jun-B had higher transcriptional activity than JunB alone. Consistent with the structure of its basic domain, we demonstrate that HBZ decreases the DNA-binding activity of c-Jun and JunB. Last, we show that c-Jun is no longer capable of activating the basal expression of the HTLV-I promoter in the presence of HBZ in vivo. Our results support the hypothesis that HBZ could be a negative modulator of the Tax effect by controlling Tax expression at the transcriptional level and by attenuating activation of AP-1 by Tax. [less ▲]

HCCI engine modeling and experimental investigations - Part 2: The composition of a NO-PRF interaction mechanism and the influence of NO in EGR on auto-ignition

in Combustion Science And Technology (2008), 180(7), 1245-1262

This article presents an investigation of the effect of NO in EGR on HCCI auto-ignition, by means of experiments and a NO-PRF interaction mechanism. The influence is investigated both numerically and ... [more ▼]

This article presents an investigation of the effect of NO in EGR on HCCI auto-ignition, by means of experiments and a NO-PRF interaction mechanism. The influence is investigated both numerically and experimentally. The numerical part is effected by a composition of a NO submechanism and the subsequent addition of this sub mechanism to a reduced validated n-heptane/iso-octane PRF mechanism, the latter of which is presented in a previous article, named article 1 (Machrafi et al., submitted 2006). The experimental part is effected on a CFR engine, operating at HCCI conditions, with an inlet temperature of 70 degrees C and a compression ratio of 10.2. Hereby n-heptane and PRF40 are used as the fuels, using different equivalence ratios in order to extend the interpretation domain. The NO adding concentration is experimentally varied between 0 and 160 ppm. The results showed that adding NO at low concentrations advances the ignition delays, the promoting reactions being more reactive than the inhibitory ones. The promoting effect seems to be at its maximum at an addition of 45 ppm concerning the fuel PRF40. At higher adding concentrations of NO the promoting effect becomes less and the inhibitory reactions become more reactive. The effect of NO on the auto-ignition of n-heptane seemed, however, to be unsignificant. The effect of NO was qualitatively well represented by the mechanism, while quantitatively the mechanism predicted a lower effect of NO at an addition of 45 ppm. [less ▲]

HCMV seroprevalence and associated risk factors in pregnat women, Havana City, 2007 to 2008

in Prenatal Diagnosis (2010), 30(9), 888-92

Objective To prenatally identify pregnant women at risk of developing congenital infection due to human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). Methods One thousand one hundred and thirty-one pregnant women from three ... [more ▼]

Objective To prenatally identify pregnant women at risk of developing congenital infection due to human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). Methods One thousand one hundred and thirty-one pregnant women from three municipalities from Havana City were serologically screened for HCMV infection (IgM/IgG, IgG avidity) from January 2007 to January 2008. Demographical, epidemiological, and clinical variables were correlated to serologic status to identify predictors of seroconversion in pregnancy. Results The majority of women were seropositive to HCMV (92.6%); 27 women (2.4%) developed HCMV active infection during pregnancy, defined by the detection of IgG+ and IgM+ (7 women), IgM+ and IgG− (2 women), and IgG seroconversion (18 women). Susceptibility of active HCMV infection during pregnancy was associated with maternal age <20 years and nulligravidity. Primary infection was detected in 20 pregnant women (1.8%), whereas 7 patients (0.6%) had active non-primary infection. Conclusion Although pregnant women in Cuba have high seroprevalence rates for HCMV, those younger than 20 years and nulligravidae are at risk of acquiring infection during pregnancy. [less ▲]

HCV genotype 4 in Belgium: three distinct patterns among patients from European and African origin

in European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology (2006), 18(7), 707-712

Background Considered uncommon in western countries some years ago, hepatitis C virus of genotype 4 is now spreading in some areas of Europe. This is assumed to be due to immigration from a region of high ... [more ▼]

Background Considered uncommon in western countries some years ago, hepatitis C virus of genotype 4 is now spreading in some areas of Europe. This is assumed to be due to immigration from a region of high prevalence for this genotype and to propagation among drug users. In the south of Belgium, genotype 4 currently accounts for 10% of hepatitis C virus patients and its prevalence is increasing with time. Objective To better define the genotype 4 carriers' characteristics. Methods In a database comprising 1726 viraemic hepatitis C virus patients, the files of 85 genotype 4 carriers were reviewed. Results Beside the African (58%) and European drug user (15%) subgroups classically described, a third subgroup consisting of European nondrug users (26%) was identified as peculiar: these patients were older, had been mostly contaminated sporadically, presented a great diversity of subtypes, and were mainly of Italian origin. In this subgroup, contamination was supposed to be ancient, having occurred probably in Italy before immigration into Belgium. By contrast, European drug users were infected with only two subtypes (4c/4d and 4), an observation in favour of recent spread. Africans had a great diversity of subtypes, were young, and were mostly contaminated sporadically in their home countries. Despite their epidemiological differences, the clinical management, and in particular the rates of eligibility for treatment, were similar for these three groups. Conclusions Three different patterns of genotype 4 carriers were observed, corresponding to three different spreading profiles. They did not induce, however, different clinical management. [less ▲]

HCV genotypes 2 and 3: the predominant genotypes at the horizon 2020?

in Acta Gastro-Enterologica Belgica (2005, January), 68(1), 25