Flourinated material

Patent (2010)

This invention relates to a method for modifying the surface of a material for use with a biological sample or tissue comprising the steps of providing a material having a surface which comprises reactive ... [more ▼]

This invention relates to a method for modifying the surface of a material for use with a biological sample or tissue comprising the steps of providing a material having a surface which comprises reactive-functional groups; providing fluorinated molecules having reactive-functional groups complimentary to those on the material surface; using wet chemistry to attach the fluorinated molecules to the surface of the material by reacting the reactive-functional groups of the implant with the complementary reactive-functional groups of the fluorinated molecules. The invention also relates to materials modified by said method and to implants made using said materials. [less ▲]

Flow abilities of powders and granular materials evidenced from dynamical tap density measurement

in Powder Technology (2013), 235

This paper offers an overview of the flow properties of granular systems, including voids, granular porosity and random packing characteristics. For the purposes of the study, the notion of additional ... [more ▼]

This paper offers an overview of the flow properties of granular systems, including voids, granular porosity and random packing characteristics. For the purposes of the study, the notion of additional porous volume is intro-duced. This volume is defined as the additional air volume added to the optimal granular packing. It represents the difference between the volume of the bulk powder bed and that of the same powder but when ideally packed. It appears as the volume of additional air (or voids) trapped/stored between the grains when the powder passes from a dynamical state to a static state (during the filling of a container or the formation of a powder heap, for example). Therefore, if the powder bed traps air, it is then able to restore air partially or completely or not at all, depending on the intergranular cohesion level. This mechanism of the storing and releasing of air can be analysed from the measurement of compressibility curves. If the powder is non-cohesive or free flowing, it traps a small amount of air in its static state. Conversely, if the powder is cohesive, it traps more air. These data can be related to the flow properties of granular materials. Indeed, the compressibility curves obtained for gran-ular materials provide information such as additional porosity, a kinetic parameter which characterizes the com-pressibility dynamics, a granular relaxation index which predicts how far a powder is from its optimal packing state and an index which gauges the de-areation speed of the powder. Measurement of such properties provides a better understanding of the nature of granular materials. Measurements of dynamical compressibility were car-ried out on five granular materials (two different lactose powders, hydrated lime Ca(OH)2, yttrium stabilized zir-conia balls and polystyrene balls). The overall results are presented using a radar graph. The use of this tool and its advantages are discussed in relation to the measurement and characterization of powder flow properties. [less ▲]

Flow and Transport Monitoring in Soils and Aquifers using Electrical Resistivity Tomography

(2007)

Flow cytometric enumeration of parasitaemia and haematologic changes in Trypanosoma-infected mice

Conference (2008, March 19)

Flow cytometric method for the detection of gpI antigens of varicella zoster virus and evaluation of anti-VZV agents

in Journal of Virological Methods (1992), 38(2), 243-254

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is responsible for a primary infection (varicella.) and, upon reactivation, zoster, which in immunocompromised patients, may both lead to life-threatening disseminated disease ... [more ▼]

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is responsible for a primary infection (varicella.) and, upon reactivation, zoster, which in immunocompromised patients, may both lead to life-threatening disseminated disease. There is a great need for antiviral compounds that are effective inhibitors of VZV replication and for rapid and accurate methods for evaluating viral sensitivity to candidate anti-VZV drugs. With the monoclonal antibody (mAb) (VL8), which is directed against the gpI of VZV, and using the fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) we could readily demonstrate expression of the VZV gpI antigen at 3-4 days after VZV infection. (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (BVDU), (S)-9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)adenine (HPMPA) and (S)-1-(3-hydro-xy-2-phosphonylmethoxypropyl)cytosine (HPMC) were shown to be potent inhibitors of VZV replication by this assay. HPMPA and HPMPC were also active against thymidine kinase-deficient (TK-) VZV whereas BVDU was not. The flow cytometric method based on the use of mAb VL8 may be of considerable help for the early diagnosis of VZV infection and evaluation of viral sensitivity to antiviral drugs. [less ▲]

A flow cytometric study on the effect of myeloperoxidase on stallion spermatozoal motility and structure

in Journal of Equine Veterinary Science (2012, August), 32(8), 509

Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a pro-oxidant enzyme that is normally contained in neutrophils. MPO has recently been associated with keratinized cells and with decreased post-thaw motility in stallion semen [1 ... [more ▼]

Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a pro-oxidant enzyme that is normally contained in neutrophils. MPO has recently been associated with keratinized cells and with decreased post-thaw motility in stallion semen [1]. The aim of the study was to determine effects of experimental addition of active MPO on motility, mitochondrial potential, apoptosis induction, membrane and acrosome integrity in equine semen. Three stallions were used and semen was collected four times. Extended (INRA96TM) semen was processed for density gradient centrifugation (Equipure Bottom Layer®) [2]. Purified pellet was re-extended to 100x106spermatozoa/ml in INRA96TM and divided in 3 samples. One sample was used for control and active human MPO (Calbiochem, Merck) was added in the other two samples to final concentration of 5 or 50 ng/ml. After incubation (2 hours, 20°C), motility was analysed with Computer Assisted Semen Analysis (IVOS, Hamilton-Throne, Beverly, MA, USA) and cytometric analyzes were perfomed with EasyCyte (IMV). Mitochondrial potential and apoptosis were assayed using Guava Mitopotential JC-1 and 7-AAD kit (Millipore). Membrane and acrosome integrity were respectively assayed with PI (Propidium Iodide) (Invitrogen) and PNA (Peanut Agglutinin-Fluorescein Iso Thio Cyanate) (Sigma-Aldrich). Statistical differences (p<0.05) were determined using Kruskall-Wallis test. No effect of the stallions was observed on parameters assayed in this study. Unlike total motility, progressive motility was decreased in both MPO concentrations (p<0.001). MPO addition had no effect on membrane and acrosome integrity. No differences were detected for the percentages of spermatozoa having polarised or depolarised mitochondria. Apoptosis, assayed by 7-AAD fluorescence, was not increased by the treatments. Our results agree with previously published effects of in vitro ROS production systems with xanthine oxidase [3], showing an effect on motility but no influence on mitochondria and membrane or acrosome integrity. However, membrane lipoperoxidation was increased by ROS in this study [3], and it could be linked to the impaired motility also observed in our protocol. Further studies with increasing concentrations of added MPO should be conducted to correlate motility with lipoperoxidation. References [1] Ponthier J, Desvals M, Franck T, de la Rebiere de Pouyade G, Spalart M, Palmer E, Serteyn D, Deleuze S. Myeloperoxidase in equine semen: Concentration and Localization during freezing processing. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 2012;32: 32-37. [2] Edmond AJ, Teague SR, Brinsko SP, Comerford KL, Waite JA, Mancill SS, Love CC, Varner DD. Effect of density-gradient centrifugation on quality and recovery rate of equine spermatozoa. Animal Reproduction Science 2008;107: 318-318. [3] Baumber J, Ball BA, Gravance CG, Medina V, Davies-Morel MC. The effect of reactive oxygen species on equine sperm motility, viability, acrosomal integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and membrane lipid peroxidation. J Androl 2000;21: 895-902. [less ▲]

Flow Cytometry for the follow-up of Trypanosoma evansi infection in a mouse model

Poster (2005, November 18)

Flow cytometry in prostate cancer: Histological and clinical correlation

in Acta Urologica Belgica (1994), 62(1), 37-43

DNA histograms were obtained by flow cytometry for 39 human prostate carcinomas (27 total prostatectomy specimens, 5 biopsies and 7 transuretral resections). The study was performed on formalin-fixed and ... [more ▼]

DNA histograms were obtained by flow cytometry for 39 human prostate carcinomas (27 total prostatectomy specimens, 5 biopsies and 7 transuretral resections). The study was performed on formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded material. In this report, ploidy index did not seem to be a good marker of prognosis as no significant variation in ploidy was found neither among the different stages nor among the different Gleason categories. Proliferative index of the tumors seemed to be a more sensitive parameter; a significant relation was observed between proliferative index and stage of the tumor. The authors discuss these results under the light of previously reported observations. [less ▲]

Flow in shallow rectangular basins: experimental study and 2D numerical simulations

in Proc. 8th International Conference on Hydro-Science and Engineering (ICHE) (2008)

Flow modeling in an underground gasifier at great depth by the Boundary-Element Method

in In Situ (1994), 18(4), 399-418

In order to simulate the cavity growth of an underground gasifier in thin seams at great depth, Wilks1 has developed an original model that solves the continuity equation in the horizontal plane with the ... [more ▼]

In order to simulate the cavity growth of an underground gasifier in thin seams at great depth, Wilks1 has developed an original model that solves the continuity equation in the horizontal plane with the hypothesis of radial fluid flow around the injection well. In the model presented here, the continuity equation in the horizontal plane has been taken into account, removing the limiting assumption on flow (radial direction) assumed by Wilks. The simultaneous solution of the continuity equation and the Darcy law has been carried out using the Boundary Element Method (BEM); this method is particularly suitable for solving problems where boundary conditions are of prime importance. The model enables the influences of the permeability of the medium and gasifier geometry to be demonstrated. [less ▲]