Experimental evidences of a structural and dynamical transition in fish school

in Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications (2006), 367

We have developed a video tracking system in order to determine all the trajectories of young fish (Oreochromis niloticus L.) within a school. Both individual and collective behaviours have been studied ... [more ▼]

We have developed a video tracking system in order to determine all the trajectories of young fish (Oreochromis niloticus L.) within a school. Both individual and collective behaviours have been studied as a function of the number of fish per unit area. By studying distributions of distances between fish and distributions of relative orientations, structural effects and cooperative motions have been evidenced. Signatures of a phase transition have been found, as predicted by some numerical models. This work opens new perspectives in the study of collective phenomena in biological systems since it is the first time that such measurements are possible. [less ▲]

Experimental gerontology in Belgium: from model organisms to age-related pathologies

in Experimental Gerontology (2000), 35(8), 901-916

Experimental hypertension: early changes in collagen metabolism

in Revue Médicale de Liège (1983), 38(12), 537-49

Experimental identification of a non-linear beam, proper othogonal decomposition

in International Conference on Structural Systems Identification, Kassel, 2001 (2001)

The aim of the paper is twofold

Experimental induction of prenucleolar bodies (PNBs) in interphase cells: interphase PNBs show similar characteristics as those typically observed at telophase of mitosis in untreated cells.

in Chromosoma (1997), 105(7-8), 418-30

Recently, it was shown that a short exposure of living mammalian cells to low ionic strength buffers (hypotonic shock) caused partial or almost complete unraveling of interphase nucleoli. However, when ... [more ▼]

Recently, it was shown that a short exposure of living mammalian cells to low ionic strength buffers (hypotonic shock) caused partial or almost complete unraveling of interphase nucleoli. However, when the cells were released from the hypotonic shock and transferred to normal isotonic medium, functionally active and structurally integral nucleoli were reassembled at their initial positions within interphase nuclei. Here, we show further that this process is accompanied by the appearance of numerous discrete extranucleolar bodies, which have striking similarities to the prenucleolar bodies (PNBs) observed in untreated cells at telophase of mitosis. (1) Like PNBs at mitosis, hypotonically induced interphase PNBs are composed of RNA-positive granules and fibrils, contain the major nucleolar protein B23 and silver-binding proteins, but lack DNA and RNA polymerase I transcription factor UBF. (2) As for mitotic PNBs, disappearance of the interphase PNB counterparts coincides with the increase in size of reconstructed nucleoli. (3) Addition of actinomycin D does not prevent assembly of interphase PNBs, but does arrest their coalescence with the chromosomal nucleolus-organizing regions and blocks the complete reformation of nucleoli. It is concluded that the assembly of PNBs generally observed at telophase of mitosis can be induced experimentally in nuclei of interphase mammalian cells in vivo. At interphase, this process is probably initiated by changes in the intracellular ionic environment. [less ▲]

Experimental infection of reindeer with cervid herpesvirus 2

in Clinical and Vaccine Immunology (2009), 16

Experimental Infection of Specific Pathogen-Free New Zealand White Rabbits with Five Strains of Amyxomatous Myxoma Virus

in Journal of Comparative Pathology (1999), 121(4), 369-84

Myxomatosis is a specific disease of the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) due to a virus belonging to the genus Leporipoxvirus. Forty-seven years after its deliberate introduction into Europe, the ... [more ▼]

Myxomatosis is a specific disease of the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) due to a virus belonging to the genus Leporipoxvirus. Forty-seven years after its deliberate introduction into Europe, the clinical aspects and the epizootiology of myxomatosis have changed. Two forms (nodular and amyxomatous) of the disease have been identified to date. A comparative study was made of the clinical signs, pathogenesis and gross lesions observed in male specific pathogen-free New Zealand White rabbits inoculated with five strains of amyxomatous myxoma virus. All five strains induced the characteristic amyxomatous myxomatosis clinical syndrome with clinical signs that differed only in intensity. The varying clinical intensity, together with the results of virological examination question the virulence of at least three of the five strains. Genomic analysis confirmed that the five strains came from the Lausanne strain introduced in 1952 in France and not from an unnoticed introduction of a Californian strain of myxoma virus. No link was found between the amyxomatous myxoma virus strains and the SG33 vaccine strain. 1999 Harcourt Publishers Ltd. [less ▲]

Experimental investigation of flow and deposit patterns in rectangular shallow reservoirs: preliminary analysis

in Proceedings International Workshop on Environmental Hydraulics: Theoretical, Experimental and Computational Solutions (2009)

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF NOx FORMATION MECHANISMS IN A FUEL-OIL BOILER

Conference (2002, June)

The work whose results are reported in this paper was aimed at gathering information that can give a deeper insight into the structure of a diffusion fuel-oil flame. This allows us to get a better ... [more ▼]

The work whose results are reported in this paper was aimed at gathering information that can give a deeper insight into the structure of a diffusion fuel-oil flame. This allows us to get a better understanding of the combustion process and thus a correct basis for combustion modeling, focused on NOx formation. In order to attain the objective, axial and radial temperature, NOx and O2 concentration profiles have been measured in the flame for high and low firing rates of a domestic hot water boiler (around 424 and 270 kW respectively). Temperature was measured by means of two B-type thermocouples (diameters 0.5 and 0.35 mm) and NOx and O2 concentrations using a classical gas analyzer. Maximum NOx emissions (167 ppm at 424 kW and 134 ppm at 270 kW) were recorded in high oxygen concentration and low temperature zones of the flame ( ≈ 1000°C), where no thermal-NO can be formed. Flue gas recirculation and NOx destruction process is clearly demonstrated in the flame due to the higher NOx concentrations recorded in the combustion chamber near the burner exit than in the chimney. Near the burner exit NOx, O2 and temperature radial profiles are very unstable. Higher temperature fluctuations were detected with the small thermocouple in the measurements at 270 kW. The contribution of the three types of NOx formation mechanisms was obtained using a simplified model. According to these results, the majority of NOx in this type of flame could be caused by the prompt-NO mechanism, formed in the zone close to the burner exit at the location where secondary combustion air is introduced. [less ▲]

Experimental investigation of targeted energy transfers in strongly and nonlinearly coupled oscillators

in Journal of the Acoustical Society of America (2005), 118(2), 791-799

Our focus in this study is on experimental investigation of the transient dynamics of an impulsively loaded linear oscillator coupled to a lightweight nonlinear energy sink. It is shown that this ... [more ▼]

Our focus in this study is on experimental investigation of the transient dynamics of an impulsively loaded linear oscillator coupled to a lightweight nonlinear energy sink. It is shown that this seemingly simple system exhibits complicated dynamics, including nonlinear beating phenomena and resonance captures. It is also demonstrated that, by facilitating targeted energy transfers to the nonlinear energy sink, a significant portion of the total input energy can be absorbed and dissipated in this oscillator. (C) 2005 Acoustical Society of America. [less ▲]