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See detailLa différenciation des souches de parvovirus chez les carnivores domestiques
Pastoret, Paul-Pierre ULg; Schwers, A.; Thiry, Etienne ULg

in Annales de Médecine Vétérinaire (1983), 127

Detailed reference viewed: 3 (0 ULg)
See detailDifférenciation et fonctionnalité des produits agricoles
Rondia, Pierre; Dehareng, Frédérick; Beckers, Yves ULg et al

in CRA-W; FUSAGx (Eds.) 10ème Carrefour des Productions animales : L’élevage : hier, aujourd’hui, demain quelles attentes pour quels enjeux ? (2005, January 26)

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See detail« Différenciation sémiologique entre les troubles de l'attention avec ou sans hyperactivité et la bipolarité dans la petite enfance »
Scholl, Jean-Marc ULg

Conference (2010, February 05)

Différenciation sémiologique entre les troubles de l'attention avec ou sans hyperactivité et la bipolarité dans la petite enfance. Le diagnostic de bipolarité reste peu connu des pédopsychiatres. Après ... [more ▼]

Différenciation sémiologique entre les troubles de l'attention avec ou sans hyperactivité et la bipolarité dans la petite enfance. Le diagnostic de bipolarité reste peu connu des pédopsychiatres. Après les premiers symptômes il faut en moyenne 10 ans et 3 à 5 médecins avant qu'un diagnostic correct ne soit posé. Notre étude, se rapportant à 170 enfants de 18 mois à 10 ans, met en évidence une sémiologie nuancée qui permet un diagnostic rapide et précoce d'un "tempérament maniaque bipolaire" comportant sept axes sémiologiques : 1. une forme "super-énergétique", 2. la clinique du sommeil, 3. un "mal-être en situation d'être seul", 4. des couleurs affectives expressives, 5. une tendance à l'excitabilité-désinhibition-appétence, 6. la prépondérance de l'attention divergente sur l'attention convergente, 7. la tendance à l'hyperactivité. Nous évoquons pour ces sept axes leur évolution développementale jusqu'à la vie adulte. La mise en évidence d'une clinique du "mal-être en situation d'être seul" est l'élément le plus original de notre recherche, il correspond à un déficit de la capacité à demeurer seul avec soi-même au calme. Ce mal-être est à distinguer de l'angoisse de séparation, même s'il peut y avoir un continuum ; il n'est pas pathognomonique de la bipolarité mais semble en faire systématiquement partie. Dans l'ADHD (déficit d'attention avec ou sans hyperactivité) on ne retrouve que les points 1, 6 et 7, par contre les points 2, 3, 4, 5 sont spécifiques de la bipolarité. Nous proposons 4 sous-groupes sémiologiques des états bipolaires et unipolaire dans l'enfance. Différentes comorbidités possibles pourront s'ajouter, ce qui apportera d'autres accentuations cliniques. Selon le temps imparti, nous pouvons également évoquer : des métaphores explicatives et thérapeutiques ; des réflexions neurophysiologiques jointes à cette sémiologie; le pronostic qui peut radicalement changer avec une prise en charge précoce. [less ▲]

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See detailDifférenciations sociospatiales et gouvernance municipale dans les banlieues de Beyrouth : à travers l'exemple de Sahel AlMatn AlJanoubi et des municipalités de Chiyah, Ghobeiri et Furn AlChebbak
Farah, Jihad ULg

Doctoral thesis (2011)

La thèse s’inscrit dans le débat sur une des “grandes questions urbaines contemporaines”: comment dans la multiplication des projets individuels et collectifs de plus en plus fragmentés se construit la ... [more ▼]

La thèse s’inscrit dans le débat sur une des “grandes questions urbaines contemporaines”: comment dans la multiplication des projets individuels et collectifs de plus en plus fragmentés se construit la ville d’aujourd’hui? Dans un contexte d’étalement urbain continu et de crise des “grands récits” de la modernité, l’individu comme le groupe connaît de plus en plus de difficultés à trouver sa place, son “lieu”, en ville. La recherche de l’entre-soi et l’altérité devient de plus en plus importante dans cette quête. La thèse revient sur les différents concepts traitant des différenciations sociospatiales en ville (ségrégation, marginalisation, relégation, fragmentation). Elle remarque que ces concepts favorisent une lecture systémique de la réalité urbaine où les éléments factoriels économiques, culturels et politiques ont un rôle central dans l’explication. Tout en se mettant dans la continuité de ces travaux, la thèse privilégie une lecture se basant sur trois entrées: - La crise de citoyenneté urbaine (crise de définitions de la ville, de ses limites, de ses citoyens, de leurs droits et surtout de sa gouvernance) comme principale grille explicative - Le local. Ce dernier étant d’une part l’échelle où ces différenciations sociospatiales sont les plus manifestes, et d’autre part car c’est à cette échelle que les phénomènes systémiques doivent se “redéfinir” en s’inscrivant dans le contexte. - Les périphéries et les banlieues où la cirse de citoyenneté est plus nette et où les acteurs locaux – dans un milieu à la recherche de sens, et en continuelle redéfinition – cherchent à avoir plus d’emprise sur leur milieu direct. Dans ce contexte la thèse avance que les spécificités du local, notamment la gouvernance locale et la spécialisation économique ont un poids déterminant dans la définition des dynamiques territoriales et par suite des différenciations sociospatiales. Cette hypothèse est déclinée en deux hypothèses opérationnelles: 1. - L’une s’inscrivant dans une perspective historique: Si incontestablement des dynamiques induites de la globalisation affectent les différenciations sociospatiales dans l’espace beyrouthin, nous pensons que l’héritage d’un temps long dans ses dimensions politiques et économiques pèse encore fortement sur ces différenciations dans les banlieues de Beyrouth. 2. L’autre dans une perspective politique: La stabilisation du régime municipal est aujourd’hui la rationalité qui domine l’action municipale. Elle est déterminante de la gouvernance locale dans chaque commune et par suite consubstantielle de l’évolution des différenciations sociospatiales dans ces banlieues. Les banlieues de Beyrouth, considérées comme cas révélateur, sont retenues pour comme terrain d’étude Deux méthodes d’analyse complémentaires sont mobilisées. L’une dite diachronique essaie de repérer les constantes et les variables dans l’histoire d’un district de ces banlieues comprenant les actuelles banlieues sud et sud-est, en insistant sur les rôles particuliers de la gouvernance et de l’économie. L’autre dite synchronique tente de souligner des liens entre des typologies de gouvernance urbaine différentes et leurs impacts en termes de différenciations sociospatiales en mobilisant le concept de régimes urbains. Les principales conclusions sont: - Des arrière-pays consolidés, avant l’étalement des villes centres, ayant leurs propres dynamiques: leur urbanisation, leurs économies et leurs gouvernances locale, leurs trajectoires propres connaissent très tôt la fragmentation urbaine (conclusion en porte-à-faux par rapport au corpus de la fragmentation soulignant le rôle fondateur de la globalisation) - L’architecture du régime urbain local et sa recherche de stabilité interne affectent fortement l’articulation de l’échelle d’action locale aux échelles d’action supérieures. Comme elles affectent certaines formes de dynamiques territoriales locales (notamment celles inscrites dans le registre de construction identitaire des territoires). Toutefois elles semblent avoir moins d’impact sur les aspects centralités et flux des dynamiques territoriales. - La fragmentation politique du territoire peut s’avérer une ressource importante pour les acteurs locaux pour négocier et s’approprier une place, un “lieu” dans les agglomérations urbaines d’aujourd’hui. D’autre part, devant la pression continue que connaissent les territoires urbains des périphéries pour se redéfinir et s’articuler à de nouvelles entités sociospatiales en formation, on peut observer dans certains cas de la véritable innovation en termes de politiques urbaines. Ces municipalités peuvent représenter, comme dans le cas de certaines dans les banlieues de Beyrouth, des laboratoires qui font émerger des nouveaux outils urbains qui pourront servir pour penser et gérer la ville à d’autres échelles. [less ▲]

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See detailDifférencier l'enseignement : Pourquoi, comment ? Un exemple: la lettre
Moreau, Marie-Louise; Mouvet, Bernadette ULg

in Enjeux : Revue de Formation Continuée et de Didactique du Français (1990), 19

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See detailDifferent approaches for the simulation of an experimental building hosting a climate chamber devote to artificial fog production
Andre, Philippe ULg; Kelly, N.; Boreux, Jean-Jacques ULg et al

(2003, August)

In the context of a european project dealing with the issue of transport safety improvement in fog conditions, an experimental building has been constructed on the FUL campus, in the southern part of ... [more ▼]

In the context of a european project dealing with the issue of transport safety improvement in fog conditions, an experimental building has been constructed on the FUL campus, in the southern part of Belgium. This building hosts a climatic chamber in which a given indoor climate is to be maintained (temperature and relative humidity) whatever the external climate, in order to promote the artifical production of fog by water droplets spraying. During the design of the building and of the HVAC plant, different simulation approaches were carried out in order to evaluate and possibly optimize the technical choices concerning: - the building envelope - the material for the climatic chamber - the control strategy of the HVAC system Two categories of simulation tools were used to solve the different tasks: - building simulation tools - CFD programs For the first category, simulations were performed using both ESP-r and TRNSYS with the objective of solving the following questions: optimization of the building envelope (orientation and shading of the building, insulation, fenestration); sizing of the HVAC system; comparison of control strategies (direct control, indirect control, radiative and/or convective conditioning); estimation of energy consumption and comfort Within the second category, the FLUENT and ESP-r software were used and compared in order to predict the homogeneity of the thermal state within the test room and to calculate the effect of injecting a high amount of small water droplets on fog production, maintenance and visibility. Therefore, the ESP-r CFD module program was augmented with a specific model of water droplet diffusion. The paper will tackle the main modelling assumptions at the basis of each simulation experiment, the data preparation and the results of the calculations. For each phase, advantages and limitations of the simulation approach will be highlighted. These developments are considered as a first step towards the implementation of a virtual testing environment in the field of automotive transport which could be complemented by additional issues dealing with passengers comfort, acoustics, air quality, level of illuminance generated by the virtual production of fog. [less ▲]

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See detailDifferent approaches to measure environmental odours emitted by landfill areas
Romain, Anne-Claude ULg; Delva, Julien ULg; Nicolas, Jacques ULg

in Legin, Andrey (Ed.) ISOEN 2007 book of abstracts (2007)

This paper presents different methods to assess the odour emission and the odour annoyance in the surroundings. It is shown, on the example of landfill areas and composting facilities, that chemical ... [more ▼]

This paper presents different methods to assess the odour emission and the odour annoyance in the surroundings. It is shown, on the example of landfill areas and composting facilities, that chemical analyses are helpful to identify key compounds of the odour release, and to set up the specification of a monitoring instrument. Sensitive methods, like dynamic olfactometry or sniffing team investigation, are mainly applicable to provide a global odour plume or an average annoyance zone. And the electronic nose can supply a warning signal to the plant manager or a real time estimation of the annoyance zone. [less ▲]

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See detailDifferent beliefs about pain perception in the vegetative and minimally conscious states: a European survey of medical and paramedical professionals.
Demertzi, Athina ULg; Schnakers, Caroline ULg; Ledoux, Didier ULg et al

in Progress in Brain Research (2009), 177

Pain management in severely brain-damaged patients constitutes a clinical and ethical stake. At the bedside, assessing the presence of pain and suffering is challenging due to both patients' physical ... [more ▼]

Pain management in severely brain-damaged patients constitutes a clinical and ethical stake. At the bedside, assessing the presence of pain and suffering is challenging due to both patients' physical condition and inherent limitations of clinical assessment. Neuroimaging studies support the existence of distinct cerebral responses to noxious stimulation in brain death, vegetative state, and minimally conscious state. We here provide results from a European survey on 2059 medical and paramedical professionals' beliefs on possible pain perception in patients with disorders of consciousness. To the question "Do you think that patients in a vegetative state can feel pain?," 68% of the interviewed paramedical caregivers (n=538) and 56% of medical doctors (n=1166) answered "yes" (no data on exact profession in 17% of total sample). Logistic regression analysis showed that paramedical professionals, religious caregivers, and older caregivers reported more often that vegetative patients may experience pain. Following professional background, religion was the highest predictor of caregivers' opinion: 64% of religious (n=1009; 850 Christians) versus 52% of nonreligious respondents (n=830) answered positively (missing data on religion in 11% of total sample). To the question "Do you think that patients in a minimally conscious state can feel pain?" nearly all interviewed caregivers answered "yes" (96% of the medical doctors and 97% of the paramedical caregivers). Women and religious caregivers reported more often that minimally conscious patients may experience pain. These results are discussed in terms of existing definitions of pain and suffering, the remaining uncertainty on the clinical assessment of pain as a subjective first-person experience and recent functional neuroimaging findings on nociceptive processing in disorders of consciousness. In our view, more research is needed to increase our understanding of residual sensation in vegetative and minimally conscious patients and to propose evidence-based medical guidelines for the management of possible pain perception and suffering in these vulnerable patient populations. [less ▲]

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See detailDifferent concepts of animal welfare and stakeholders arguments
Bartiaux-Thill, Nicole; Stassart, Pierre M ULg; Lamine, Claire et al

Poster (2008, September 11)

Detailed reference viewed: 8 (2 ULg)
See detailDifferent durations of grazing period for grazing fattening bulls
Dufrasne, Isabelle ULg; Limbourg, Pierre; Gauthier, Sabine et al

in Proceeding of the 16th General Meeting of the European Grassland federation (1996)

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See detailDifferent environmental influences on etiology of atopic diseases in European populations as a basis for study of geneenvironment interactions.
Gusareva, Elena ULg; Belozorov, Aleksey; Havelková, Helena et al

in Torres, S. L.; Marin, M. S. (Eds.) Genetic Predisposition to Disease (2008)

Atopy is a predisposition to hyperproduction of immunoglobulin E (IgE) against common environmental allergens. Sensitization to various airborne and food allergens contributes to different types of atopic ... [more ▼]

Atopy is a predisposition to hyperproduction of immunoglobulin E (IgE) against common environmental allergens. Sensitization to various airborne and food allergens contributes to different types of atopic diseases, including asthma, eczema, and allergic rhinitis. The development of these diseases is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Several loci and genes that control IgE level have been described in different chromosomal regions. Some of them have been detected in several populations, others only in one or a few populations. These differences might be caused by variations of genetic composition between populations, different lifestyles and/or by environmental variations in major allergens triggering development of atopic diseases. Thus, the environmental conditions may likely determine, which from the potential atopy-controlling genes will operate in a certain population. As the first step in study of such gene-environment interactions we analyzed the specificity and intensity of sensitization to 40 different allergens in atopic patients from the Czech Republic and Ukraine, representing two genetically not very distant populations, which live in different environmental conditions. The atopic patients from both countries displayed a higher reactivity to inhalant than to food allergens. We found highly significant differences in sensitization to airborne allergens between patients from the two countries. The most pronounced allergens for the atopic patients from Ukraine were allergens from dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (38.5%), Dermatophagoides farinae (48.1%) and cat (44.2%). In the atopic patients from the Czech Republic the level of sensitization to these allergens was similar, but the level of sensitization to outdoor allergens, grasses and trees was dramatically higher. More than 68% of the patients from the Czech Republic in comparison with less than 25% of the patients from Ukraine have been sensitized to cocksfoot, sweet vernal grass, timothy grass and cultivated rye (Bonferroni-corrected P values ranged from 0.0007 to 0.000000003). More than 50% and 60% of the patients from the Czech Republic but only 2% and 19.2% of the patients from Ukraine reacted to alder (corrected P < 0.00009) and birch (corrected P < 0.002), respectively. The higher sensitization to plant allergens of the patients from the Czech Republic was present in those with asthma and rhinitis, but not with dermatitis. The higher sensitization levels to outdoor allergens in the Czech Republic suggest an influence of westernization on development of allergic reactivity. Genetic analysis of atopic patients from these two countries will establish which geneloci control development of atopy under different environmental conditions. [less ▲]

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See detailDifferent estimation of heritabilities in dependence of major gene effects
Buske, Bernd ULg; Gengler, Nicolas ULg

in Archiv Tierzucht / Archives Animal Breeding (2010), 53(6), 732-734

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See detailDifferent mechanisms are implicated in ERBB2 gene overexpression in breast and in other cancers
Vernimmen, D.; Guéders, Maud ULg; Pisvin, Sonia ULg et al

in British Journal of Cancer (2003), 89(5), 899-906

The ERBB2 gene is overexpressed in 30% of breast cancers and this has been correlated with poor prognosis. ERBB2 is upregulated in other cancers such as prostate, pancreas, colon and ovary. In breast ... [more ▼]

The ERBB2 gene is overexpressed in 30% of breast cancers and this has been correlated with poor prognosis. ERBB2 is upregulated in other cancers such as prostate, pancreas, colon and ovary. In breast cancer cells, the mechanisms leading to ERBB2 gene overexpression are increased transcription and gene amplification. In these cancers, AP-2 transcription factors are involved in ERBB2 overexpression, and AP-2 levels are correlated with p185(c-erbB-2) levels. In this work, we wanted to know if the same molecular mechanisms are responsible for the ERBB2 upregulation in non-breast cancers. We compared ERBB2 gene copy number, p185(c-erbB-2) and mRNA levels with AP-2 levels in several ovary, prostate, colon and pancreas cancer cells. A moderate expression of erbB-2 mRNA and protein were observed in some cells without gene amplification. In contrast to breast cancer cells, AP-2 factors were absent or low in some non-breast cells which did express ERBB2. It is thus likely that AP-2 is not a major player in the increased levels of erbB-2 transcripts in non-breast cancer cells. The transcriptional activity of the ERBB2 promoter in colon and ovary cancer cells was estimated using reporter vectors. The results showed that the promoter regions involved in ERBB2 gene overexpression in breast cancer cells are different from those that lead to the gene upregulation in colon and ovary cancers. In conclusion, our results indicate that different transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms are responsible for the increased levels of erbB-2 transcript and protein in breast and non-breast cancer cells. [less ▲]

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See detailDifferent Mechanisms of Extracellular Matrix Remodeling by Fibroblasts in Response to Human Mammary Neoplastic Cells
Noël, Agnès ULg; Munaut, Carine ULg; Nusgens, Betty ULg et al

in Invasion & Metastasis (1993), 13(2), 72-81

Human breast tumors are often associated with a fibrotic reaction termed desmoplasia. Tumor cells may indirectly modulate the composition of the extracellular matrix by influencing fibroblast properties ... [more ▼]

Human breast tumors are often associated with a fibrotic reaction termed desmoplasia. Tumor cells may indirectly modulate the composition of the extracellular matrix by influencing fibroblast properties. They may also directly interact with collagen fibrils leading to retraction of the matrix. We have studied in vitro the influence of various human mammary tumor cells on the proliferation rate of normal human fibroblasts and on their level of collagen synthesis, as well as their release of collagenase activity. Interactions between neoplastic cells and collagen matrix were investigated by incorporation of tumor cells in collagen gels (lattices) and measurement of their retraction. All cells tested (HBL100, SW613, SA52, MDA-MB-231, MCF7, MCF7/6, MCF7 ras, BT20 and T47D) were able to modulate the composition of the extracellular matrix by one or several of the mechanisms investigated. Our results also demonstrate an opposite regulation of collagen and collagenase production. The effects on the collagen metabolism and on fibroblast proliferation are probably mediated by soluble cytokines since they are reproduced by incubating the fibroblasts in the presence of medium conditioned by tumor cells. The desmoplastic reaction may thus result from different mechanisms dependent upon tumor cell types. [less ▲]

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See detailDifferent mechanoregulatory models predict different patterns of tissue differentiation
Geris, Liesbet ULg; Van Oosterwyck, Hans; Duyck, Joke et al

in Middleton, J.; Jones, M. L.; Shrive, N. (Eds.) Proceedings of the 6th international symposium on Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering (2005)

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See detailDifferent methods for spatial interpolation of rainfall data for operational hydrology and hydrological modeling at watershed scale: a review
Ly, Sarann ULg; Charles, Catherine ULg; Degré, Aurore ULg

in Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement = Biotechnology, Agronomy, Society and Environment [=BASE] (in press)

Watershed management and hydrological modeling require data related to the very important matter of precipitation, often measured using raingages or weather stations. Hydrological models often require a ... [more ▼]

Watershed management and hydrological modeling require data related to the very important matter of precipitation, often measured using raingages or weather stations. Hydrological models often require a preliminary spatial interpolation as part of the modeling process. The success of spatial interpolation varies according to the type of model chosen, its mode of geographical management and the resolution used. The quality of a result is determined by the quality of the continuous spatial rainfall which ensues from the interpolation method used. The objective of this article is to review the existing methods for interpolation of rainfall data that are usually required in hydrological modeling. We review the basis for the application of certain common methods and geostatistical approaches used in interpolation of rainfall. Previous studies have highlighted the need for new research to investigate ways of improving the quality of rainfall data and ultimately, the quality of hydrological modeling. [less ▲]

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See detailDifferent modes of food restriction and compensatory growth in double-muscled Belgian Blue bulls: plasma metabolites and hormones
Cabaraux, Jean-François ULg; Kerrour, M.; Van Eenaeme, Christian ULg et al

in Animal Science (2003), 77

The effects of different sequences of food restriction and fattening have been studied on plasma metabolites and hormones in double-muscled Belgian Blue bulls. Twenty animals were divided into five groups ... [more ▼]

The effects of different sequences of food restriction and fattening have been studied on plasma metabolites and hormones in double-muscled Belgian Blue bulls. Twenty animals were divided into five groups. The first group (control, CG) was given, ad libitum, a fattening diet based on sugar-beet pulp. In G2 and G3, fattening was interrupted after 103 and 187 days, respectively, by a period of food restriction lasting about 2 months during which the animals received a maintenance ration. They were finished with the same diet as CG. The last two groups, G4 and G5, received a limited amount of the restriction diet to support 0.5 and 0 kg gain per day, respectively, for 4 months, before being fattened as CG. Plasma glucose, alpha-amino nitrogen, non-esterified fatty acids, urea, creatinine, thyroxine (T4), 3, 3', 5'-tri-iodothyroxine (T3), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were measured in blood samples taken every 2 weeks. Plasma GH and insulin profiles were measured in serial blood samples obtained at three different times during growth. Animals that showed compensatory growth had lower plasma urea, associated with high levels of T3, T4 and IGF-1. Animals from G2 and G3 failed to show compensatory growth. In Belgian Blue bulls, compensatory growth is markedly affected when food restriction is severe or fattening interrupted. [less ▲]

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See detailDifferent patterns of insulin resistance in relatives of type 1 diabetic patients with retinopathy or nephropathy
Hadjadj, S.; Pean, F.; Pean, F. et al

in Diabetes Care (2004), 27(11), 2661-2668

OBJECTIVE- Insulin resistance may be a risk factor for diabetic microangiopathy, which may have a familial component. We carried out a family-based study to determine which components of the insulin ... [more ▼]

OBJECTIVE- Insulin resistance may be a risk factor for diabetic microangiopathy, which may have a familial component. We carried out a family-based study to determine which components of the insulin resistance syndrome are associated with diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy in type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS- The Genesis France-Belgium Study is a multicenter binational study designed to investigate the genetic factors involved in the microvascular complications of type 1 diabetes using a family-based design. Probands were type 1 diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy (classified as background, preproliferative, or proliferative) and possibly diabetic nephropathy (absent, incipient, established, or advanced). The insulin resistance score of their first-degree relatives was calculated according to their BMI and history of arterial hypertension, lipid disorders, and type 2 diabetes. RESULTS- The insulin resistance score of relatives was positively correlated with the albumin excretion rate (P = 0.0009) and fasting plasma glucose (P = 0.0003) and HbA(1c) (P < 0.0001) concentrations. This score was higher in the relatives of probands with than in those without diabetic nephropathy (P = 0.0370). Similarly, it was higher in relatives of subjects with proliferative diabetic retinopathy than in those of probands without, even after controlling for subjects with versus without diabetic nephropathy (P = 0.0379). However, the components of the insulin resistance score in relatives differed according to the severity of diabetic retinopathy or nephropathy in the probands. Obesity and history of arterial hypertension were most common in relatives of probands with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, whereas obesity and history of lipid disorders were most common in the relatives of probands with diabetic nephropathy. CONCLUSIONS- Familial insulin resistance segregates with diabetic complications: lipid disorders and obesity segregate with diabetic nephropathy, whereas arterial hypertension and obesity segregate with diabetic retinopathy. [less ▲]

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