Control of floral transition in maize

Conference (2008, September)

Flowering time in plants is controlled by a number of environmental factors, among which photoperiod plays a key role. Maize ancestors are short-day (SD) plants, but breeding programs have selected ... [more ▼]

Flowering time in plants is controlled by a number of environmental factors, among which photoperiod plays a key role. Maize ancestors are short-day (SD) plants, but breeding programs have selected genotypes whose flowering is largely autonomous and occurs after production of a constant number of leaves regardless of photoperiod. Only few flowering time genes have been identified in maize; one of them is INDETERMINATE1 (ID1), cloned from a late-flowering mutant and encoding a zinc finger transcription factor. By contrast, the genetical control of flowering by photoperiod is best understood in the long-day (LD) dicot Arabidopsis and the SD monocot rice. A key regulator is the CONSTANS gene that mediates between the circadian clock – the time-keeper of the plant – and the synthesis of flowering signals. Here we report the analysis of a CONSTANS homolog in maize, ZmCO, in SD and in LD, and in different parts of the plant. Expression of ZmCO was found to be rhythmic and to be much higher in young leaf primordia than in mature leaf blades. Striking coincidence was observed with expression of ID1. [less ▲]

The control of flowering: do genetical and physiological approaches converge ?

in O'Neill, S. D.; Roberts, J. A. (Eds.) Plant Reproduction (2002)

Since the early 1990s, Arabidopsis thaliana has been studied as the species of choice of 'flowering geneticists'. Several pathways that either repress or promote flowering have been identified on the ... [more ▼]

Since the early 1990s, Arabidopsis thaliana has been studied as the species of choice of 'flowering geneticists'. Several pathways that either repress or promote flowering have been identified on the basis of (1) the flowering response of different genotypes to environmental factors (vernalization and photoperiod), (2) epistasis analyses, and (3) expression patterns of cloned genes in various backgrounds. Models attempting to include all information have been proposed repeatedly and their complexity is increasing with the bulk of data. In this review, we shall attempt to integrate into this genetical framework the physiological knowledge accumulated on a variety of plants by generations of researchers before the amost overnight breakthrough of Arabidopsis. [less ▲]

Control of hypertension in a kidney transplanted population : the EPARA study”.

Scientific conference (2010, November 27)

The prevalence of hypertension in this specific KT population remains high in spite of different antiHTA drugs use and the well known deleterious effect of HTA on kidney function and cardiovascular risk ... [more ▼]

The prevalence of hypertension in this specific KT population remains high in spite of different antiHTA drugs use and the well known deleterious effect of HTA on kidney function and cardiovascular risk. Home BP (and/or ABPM) should thus be recommended to identify this situation and secondary to adapt the treatment. [less ▲]

Control of inflammation in experimental bovine pneumonic pasteurellosis

in Bovine Practitioner (1998), 31(1), 5-13

Control of key pecking by the duration of a visual stimulus

in Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior (1974), 22(1), 131-134

Pigeons' key peck were brought under the control of the duration of a visual stimulus in one-key and two-key procedures. In the one-key procedure, pecks were reinforeced after presentations of a long ... [more ▼]

Pigeons' key peck were brought under the control of the duration of a visual stimulus in one-key and two-key procedures. In the one-key procedure, pecks were reinforeced after presentations of a long-duration stimulus but not after presentations of a short-duration stimulus. In the two-key procedure, left-key pecks were reinforced after the long-duration stimulus and right-key pecks after the short-duration stimulus. In both procedures, the long-duration stimulus was 10 sec, and the short-duration stimulus was increased from 1 to 8 sec in1-sec steps. Discriminative control developed with both procedures, but with greater acuracy in the two-key procedures, in which a difference threshold was obtained at short-duration values between 7 and 8 sec, or about 2.5 sec shorter than the long-duration stimulus. [less ▲]

Control of Listeria monocytogenes in dairy farms.

in Proceedings of the Ninth conference on food microbiology (2004, September)

Control of Lymphoepithelial Interactions within Thymic Nurse Cells by Gamma-Interferon and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha. Possible Role in the Modulation of Intrathymic Education?

in Thymus (1989), 13(3-4), 201-4

The role of cytokines in the process of intrathymic differentiation is not yet clearly established. The results presented in this paper demonstrate that interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha ... [more ▼]

The role of cytokines in the process of intrathymic differentiation is not yet clearly established. The results presented in this paper demonstrate that interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha regulate 'in vivo' and 'in vitro' the interactions between epithelial cells and thymocytes within thymic nurse cells. The mechanism of action of these cytokines and their possible physiologic role 'in vivo' are discussed. [less ▲]

Control of perimenstrual flares of perioral dermatitis by isotretinoin

in Journal of Dermatological Treatment (2000), 11

BACKGROUNDS: Some cases of perioral dermatitis (POD) appear in young women after the interruption of oral contraception. Perimenstrual POD flares may also occur. Blue-brown, post-inflammatory macules and ... [more ▼]

BACKGROUNDS: Some cases of perioral dermatitis (POD) appear in young women after the interruption of oral contraception. Perimenstrual POD flares may also occur. Blue-brown, post-inflammatory macules and atrophic scarring often persist. Conventional treatment modalities include topical and oral tetracyclines, topical metronidazole and oral contraceptives. However, such therapies mau fail or offer only transient results. Isotretinoin efficacy was reported in a patient with difficult-to-treat POD. METHODS: We studied the outcome of a 6-month course of isotretinoin with a 1-year follow-up in 14 women suffering from chronic or recurrent POD refractory to or dependent on long-term conventional treatments. The isotretinoin dosing regiments were based on acne management guidelines. RESULTS: At 1-year follow-up, 12 of 14 (85,7 %) of the women remained free of POD recurrences, one patient (7,1 %) experienced a significant improvement, and one patient (7,1 %) showed only transient improvement during therapy, and rapidly relapsed after completing two 6-month treatment courses. The muco-cutaneous side effects were similar to those already known for isotretinoin. No other adverse effects occured. CONCLUSION: Isotretinoin represents a valuable therapeutic alternative for women suffering from chronic or recurrent POD refractory to or dependent on conventional treatment options. [less ▲]

Control of phytoplankton development by nitrate availability in the Liguro-Provençal basin (western Mediterranean)

in Progress in Belgian Oceanography Research, Royal Academy of Belgium, National Committee of Oceanology (1993)

Ten years of mesoscale oceanographic studies in the Liguro-Provençal basin (Corsican area) have emphasized that phytoplankton communities distribution is characterized by a high spatial and temporal ... [more ▼]

Ten years of mesoscale oceanographic studies in the Liguro-Provençal basin (Corsican area) have emphasized that phytoplankton communities distribution is characterized by a high spatial and temporal heterogeneity. The phytoplankton organization is greatly influenced by the presence of the Liguro-Provençal front whose functioning contributes significantly to increase the local productivity. The role of the front in the phytoplankton productivity enhancement is important all through the year but is much more effective from March to May. In the entire basin, a crucial moment for phytoplankton communities is encountered during summer, when surface waters are nutrient exhausted. The characteristic response of the primary producers is to sink below the surface mixed layer and to develop deep chlorophyll maxima (DCM). Their formation and maintenance are discussed. During the stratified period, all data support the view that phytoplankton distribution is primarily controlled by nitrate availability. [less ▲]

Control of pneumonia in calves

(1999, October 22)

Respiratory disease is the principal cause of loss of young cattle worldwide. The syndrome arises from a number of factors, including Chose involving the animal, e.g., age, general condition and immune ... [more ▼]

Respiratory disease is the principal cause of loss of young cattle worldwide. The syndrome arises from a number of factors, including Chose involving the animal, e.g., age, general condition and immune statue; ifs environment, e.g., changes in food, temperature and humidity that lead to stress; and the presence of infections agents, e.g., bacteria, viruses and mycoplasmas. The syndrome, in a method preferred by the author, can be classified into four grades: Grade 1, subclinical disease;Grade 2, compensated clinical disease (at this stage, the inflammatriry reaction generated tends to lirait the impact of the disease on thi animal); Grade 3, noncompensated clinical disease (at this stage, the inflamniattxy reaction is excessive and must be controlled); and Grade 4, irrevertibk clinical disease (which threatens the animal's survival). The increase in frequency and economic impact of bovine respiratory disease complex can be correlated with the escalating industrialisation of cattle production. In intensive operations, commingling of animale from multiple sources, exposure to many organisme, stress and management practicgs are all factors that can lead to disease. - The predisposition of cattle, especially beef calves, to respiratory problems is related to their lack of functional pulmonary hardiness. Selection of breeds that demonstrate adequate pulmonary function and sufficient ventilatory reserve may help in the control of the bovine respiratory disease complex, but this approach is difficult to implement and slow to produce results. Prophylactic measures, including vaccination programmes and modifying management practices to reduce stress, also have a place in preventing the bovine respiratory disease complex. Unfortunately, these measures are not always easy to put into operation and cannot completely eradicate the problem. Therapeutic strategies to minimise the economic impact of the syndrome include use of appropriate antibacterial therapy, modulation of the pulmonary inflammatory reaction and correction of mechanical disorders. [less ▲]