References of "2012"      in Complete repository Arts & humanities   Archaeology   Art & art history   Classical & oriental studies   History   Languages & linguistics   Literature   Performing arts   Philosophy & ethics   Religion & theology   Multidisciplinary, general & others Business & economic sciences   Accounting & auditing   Production, distribution & supply chain management   Finance   General management & organizational theory   Human resources management   Management information systems   Marketing   Strategy & innovation   Quantitative methods in economics & management   General economics & history of economic thought   International economics   Macroeconomics & monetary economics   Microeconomics   Economic systems & public economics   Social economics   Special economic topics (health, labor, transportation…)   Multidisciplinary, general & others Engineering, computing & technology   Aerospace & aeronautics engineering   Architecture   Chemical engineering   Civil engineering   Computer science   Electrical & electronics engineering   Energy   Geological, petroleum & mining engineering   Materials science & engineering   Mechanical engineering   Multidisciplinary, general & others Human health sciences   Alternative medicine   Anesthesia & intensive care   Cardiovascular & respiratory systems   Dentistry & oral medicine   Dermatology   Endocrinology, metabolism & nutrition   Forensic medicine   Gastroenterology & hepatology   General & internal medicine   Geriatrics   Hematology   Immunology & infectious disease   Laboratory medicine & medical technology   Neurology   Oncology   Ophthalmology   Orthopedics, rehabilitation & sports medicine   Otolaryngology   Pediatrics   Pharmacy, pharmacology & toxicology   Psychiatry   Public health, health care sciences & services   Radiology, nuclear medicine & imaging   Reproductive medicine (gynecology, andrology, obstetrics)   Rheumatology   Surgery   Urology & nephrology   Multidisciplinary, general & others Law, criminology & political science   Civil law   Criminal law & procedure   Criminology   Economic & commercial law   European & international law   Judicial law   Metalaw, Roman law, history of law & comparative law   Political science, public administration & international relations   Public law   Social law   Tax law   Multidisciplinary, general & others Life sciences   Agriculture & agronomy   Anatomy (cytology, histology, embryology...) & physiology   Animal production & animal husbandry   Aquatic sciences & oceanology   Biochemistry, biophysics & molecular biology   Biotechnology   Entomology & pest control   Environmental sciences & ecology   Food science   Genetics & genetic processes   Microbiology   Phytobiology (plant sciences, forestry, mycology...)   Veterinary medicine & animal health   Zoology   Multidisciplinary, general & others Physical, chemical, mathematical & earth Sciences   Chemistry   Earth sciences & physical geography   Mathematics   Physics   Space science, astronomy & astrophysics   Multidisciplinary, general & others Social & behavioral sciences, psychology   Animal psychology, ethology & psychobiology   Anthropology   Communication & mass media   Education & instruction   Human geography & demography   Library & information sciences   Neurosciences & behavior   Regional & inter-regional studies   Social work & social policy   Sociology & social sciences   Social, industrial & organizational psychology   Theoretical & cognitive psychology   Treatment & clinical psychology   Multidisciplinary, general & others     Showing results 4901 to 4920 of 8667     241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251     Time-domain surface impedance boundary conditions enhanced by coarse volume finite-element discretisationVazquez Sabariego, Ruth ; Geuzaine, Christophe ; Dular, Patrick et alin IEEE Transactions on Magnetics (2012), 48(2), 631-634In computational magnetodynamics, surface impedance boundary conditions allow to accurately account for high-frequency flux components while removing the massive conducting regions from the computation ... [more ▼]In computational magnetodynamics, surface impedance boundary conditions allow to accurately account for high-frequency flux components while removing the massive conducting regions from the computation domain. The time-domain approach previously proposed by the authors relies on the spatial discretisation of a 1-D eddy-current problem by means of dedicated basis functions derived from the analytical frequency-domain solution. In this paper, these time-domain impedance conditions are combined with a coarse volume finite-element discretisation of the massive conductors to capture slowly varying flux components. The accuracy of the hybrid approach can further be improved by introducing a fictitious frequency-dependent conductivity. The method is illustrated and validated by means of 1-D and 2-D test cases in the frequency and time domain. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 33 (4 ULg) Comparing vertical ground heat exchanger modelsBertagnolio, Stéphane ; Bernier, Michel; Kummert, Michaëlin Journal of Building Performance Simulation [=JBPS] (2012)The main objective of this article is to establish a set of test cases for analytical verification and inter-model comparison of vertical ground heat exchanger (GHX) models used in building simulation ... [more ▼]The main objective of this article is to establish a set of test cases for analytical verification and inter-model comparison of vertical ground heat exchanger (GHX) models used in building simulation programs. Several test cases are suggested. They range from steady-state heat rejection in a single borehole to varying hourly loads with relatively large yearly thermal imbalance in multiple borehole configurations. The usefulness of the proposed test cases is illustrated with different GHX models. This comparison exercise has shown that analytical one-dimensional (1D) models compare favourably well with three-dimensional (3D) models for relatively short-simulation periods, where axial effects are not significant. Cyclic heat rejection/collection tests proved to be useful to characterize the accuracy and the computational performance of different load aggregation algorithms. Finally, different spatial superposition methods have been compared for various bore field sizes and configurations and various loads. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 110 (22 ULg) COMBINATION OF INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS, DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS AND DESIGN SPACE FOR A NOVEL METHODOLOGY TO DEVELOP CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHODSRozet, Eric ; Debrus, Benjamin ; Lebrun, Pierre et alPoster (2012, February)As defined by ICH [1] and FDA, Quality by Design (QbD) stands for “a systematic approach to development that begins with predefined objectives and emphasizes product and process understanding and process ... [more ▼]As defined by ICH [1] and FDA, Quality by Design (QbD) stands for “a systematic approach to development that begins with predefined objectives and emphasizes product and process understanding and process control, based on sound science and quality risk management”. A risk–based QbD–compliant approach is proposed for the robust development of analytical methods. This methodology based on Design of Experiments (DoE) to study the experimental domain models the retention times at the beginning, the apex and the end of each peak corresponding to the compounds of a mixture and uses the separation criterion (S) rather than the resolution (RS) as a Critical Quality Attribute. Stepwise multiple linear regressions are used to create the models. The estimated error is propagated from the modelled responses to the separation criterion (S) using Monte Carlo simulations in order to estimate the predictive distribution of the separation criterion (S) over the whole experimental domain. This allows finding ranges of operating conditions that will guarantee a satisfactory quality of the method in its future use. These ranges define the Design Space (DS) of the method. In chromatographic terms, the chromatograms processed at operating conditions within the DS will assuredly show high quality, with well separated peaks and short run time, for instance. This Design Space can thus be defined as the subspace, necessarily encompassed in the experimental domain (i.e. the knowledge space), within which the probability for the criterion to be higher than an advisedly selected threshold is higher than a minimum quality level. Precisely, the DS is defined as “the multidimensional combination and interaction of input variables (e.g., material attributes) and process parameters that have been demonstrated to provide assurance of quality” [1]. Therefore, this DS defines a region of operating conditions that provide prediction of assurance of quality rather than only quality as obtained with traditional mean response surface optimisation strategies. For instance, in the liquid chromatography there is a great difference in e.g. predicting a resolution (RS) higher than 1.5 vs. predicting that the probability for RS to be higher than 1.5 (i.e. P(RS> 1.5)) is high. The presentation of this global methodology will be illustrated for the robust optimisation and DS definition of several liquid chromatographic methods dedicated to the separation of different mixtures: pharmaceutical formulations, API and impurities/degradation products, plant extracts, separation of enantiomers, … References [1] International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use, Topic Q8(R2): Pharmaceutical development, Geneva, 2009. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 132 (9 ULg) Le ciel pour tousNazé, Yaël Article for general public (2012)Detailed reference viewed: 28 (5 ULg) Electromagnetic absorption properties of carbon nanotube nanocomposite foam filling honeycomb waveguide structuresQuiévy, Nicolas; Bollen, Pierre; Thomassin, Jean-Michel et alin IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility (2012), 24(1), 43-51Carbon nanotube reinforced polymer foams filling a metallic honeycomb were processed and characterized for the production of hybrid materials with high electromagnetic absorption potential ... [more ▼]Carbon nanotube reinforced polymer foams filling a metallic honeycomb were processed and characterized for the production of hybrid materials with high electromagnetic absorption potential. Electromagnetic modeling and experimental characterization of the hybrids proved that the honeycomb, acting as a hexagonal waveguide, improves the absorption properties in the gigahertz range above the cutoff frequency. The electromagnetic absorption can be tuned by changing the hybrid material properties. The required levels of electrical conductivity are attained owing to the dispersion of low amounts (1–2 wt%) of carbon nanotubes inside the polymermatrix. The combination of the foam and honeycomb architecture contributes to decrease the real part of the relative effective permittivity Re{εr,eff }. Varying the cell shape of the honeycomb changes the frequency range for high absorption. An analytical model for the absorption has been developed, showing good agreement with the experimental results. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 28 (3 ULg) IMPROVE SHIP DESIGN COMPLEXITY (EASYSHIP)Hage, André ; Rigo, Philippe ; Caprace, Jean-David Report (2012)Nowadays productibility has become a major design attribute for shipbuilding industry. If a ship cannot be manufactured or assembled efficiently, it is not properly designed. To increase the ... [more ▼]Nowadays productibility has become a major design attribute for shipbuilding industry. If a ship cannot be manufactured or assembled efficiently, it is not properly designed. To increase the productibility of ships, the scientific community and shipyards has developed the concept of Design For Production (DFP) which can be defined as "Design to reduce production costs to a minimum, compatible with the requirements of the vessel to fulfil its operational functions with acceptable safety, reliability and efficiency". DFP optimises all the manufacturing functions (fabrication, assembly, test, procurement, delivery, service, repair, etc.) that reduce the production work content while still meeting the specified design requirements and quality. The goal is to include the impact of design decisions on the production process. Time pressures on commercial ship contracts result in the overlapping of phases of design development, procurement and production. This makes the impact of engineering changes more difficult to manage. There is a need to systematically study the detail design process and its impact on construction with the objective to improve the process and its integration with construction. DFP can significantly reduce the costs, since ships can be quickly assembled from fewer parts. Thus, ships are easier to build and assemble, in less time, with better quality. Designers will save time and money by the reduction of the production complexity. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 99 (9 ULg) Contribution à l’optimalisation du support nutritionnel et de la croissance des prématurés de très faible poids à la naissanceSENTERRE, Thibault Doctoral thesis (2012)Detailed reference viewed: 29 (3 ULg) GC×GC TOFMS analysis of tobacco mainstream smokeBrokl, Michal ; Bishop; Wright et alin HTC-12 Book of abstracts (2012, February)Detailed reference viewed: 25 (0 ULg) François Jacqmin, entre l'ascèse et la tempêtePurnelle, Gérald Article for general public (2012)François Jacqmin compte parmi les quelques deux ou trois plus grands poètes de Belgique. Toute l’écriture de celui qui a dit « la poésie sera consolatrice, ou rien » est une lutte contre les limites ou ... [more ▼]François Jacqmin compte parmi les quelques deux ou trois plus grands poètes de Belgique. Toute l’écriture de celui qui a dit « la poésie sera consolatrice, ou rien » est une lutte contre les limites ou les illusions de la pensée et de la parole, une tentative de dépasser l’impuissance de la poésie à conserver trace de l’émerveillement de l’homme devant la nature. Réel et langage, désir et nihilisme sont les pôles d’une œuvre capitale. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 23 (5 ULg) James McAuleyDelrez, Marc Article for general public (2012)Detailed reference viewed: 14 (6 ULg) The first X-ray survey of Galactic Luminous Blue VariablesNazé, Yaël ; Rauw, Grégor ; Hutsemekers, Damien in Astronomy and Astrophysics (2012), 538Aims: The X-ray emission of massive stars has been studied when these objects are in their main-sequence phase, as well as in their Wolf-Rayet phase. However, the X-ray properties of the transitional ... [more ▼]Aims: The X-ray emission of massive stars has been studied when these objects are in their main-sequence phase, as well as in their Wolf-Rayet phase. However, the X-ray properties of the transitional Luminous Blue Variable (LBV) phase remain unknown. Methods: Using a dedicated but limited XMM survey as well as archival XMM and Chandra observations, we performed the first X-ray survey of LBVs: about half of the known LBVs or candidate LBVs are studied. Results: Apart from the well known X-ray sources eta Car and Cyg OB2 #12, four additional LBVs are detected in this survey, though some doubt remains on the association with the X-ray source for two of these. For the other LBVs, upper limits on the flux were derived, down to $\log[L_{\rm X}/L_{\rm BOL}]-9.4$ for PCyg. This variety in the strength of the X-ray emission is discussed, with particular emphasis on the potential influence of binarity. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 24 (1 ULg) Does pupil constriction under blue and green monochromatic light exposure change with age?Daneault, V; Vandewalle, Gilles ; Hébert, M et alPoster (2012, February)Detailed reference viewed: 20 (0 ULg) Differential proteomic analysis of a human breast tumor and its matched bone metastasis identifies cell membrane and extracellular proteins associated with bone metastasisDumont, Bruno ; Castronovo, Vincenzo ; Peulen, Olivier et alin Journal of Proteome Research (2012)The classical fate of metastasizing breast cancer cells is to seed and form secondary colonies in bones. The molecules closely associated with these processes are predominantly present at the cell surface ... [more ▼]The classical fate of metastasizing breast cancer cells is to seed and form secondary colonies in bones. The molecules closely associated with these processes are predominantly present at the cell surface and in the extracellular space, establishing the first contacts with the target tissue. In this study, we had the rare opportunity to analyze a bone metastatic lesion and its corresponding breast primary tumor obtained simultaneously from the same patient. Using mass spectrometry, we undertook a proteomic study on cell surface and extracellular protein-enriched material. We provide a repertoire of significantly modulated proteins, some with yet unknown roles in the bone metastatic process as well as proteins notably involved in cancer cell invasiveness and in bone metabolism. The comparison of these clinical data with those previously obtained using a human osteotropic breast cancer cell line highlighted an overlapping group of proteins. Certain differentially expressed proteins are validated in the present study using immunohistochemistry on a retrospective collection of breast tumors and matched bone metastases. Our exclusive set of selected proteins supports the set-up of further investigations on both clinical samples and experimental bone metastasis models that will help to reveal the finely coordinated expression of proteins that favor the development of metastases in the bone microenvironment. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 101 (17 ULg) Méthodes d'action pédagogique et d'évaluation en grands groupes - Partie 2: L'évaluationPoumay, Marianne ; Leclercq, Dieudonné Learning material (2012)Detailed reference viewed: 212 (16 ULg) Microorganisms from aphid honeydew attract natural enemies and tending antsVerheggen, François ; Leroy, Pascal; Fischer, Christophe et alConference (2012, February)Aphids are some of the most serious pests of cultivated crops worldwide, causing major yield and economic losses. Previous works have demonstrated ants and natural enemies (including ladybeetles and ... [more ▼]Aphids are some of the most serious pests of cultivated crops worldwide, causing major yield and economic losses. Previous works have demonstrated ants and natural enemies (including ladybeetles and hoverflies) to be able to use aphid volatile chemicals to locate aphid colonies. Here, we report the first isolation of a bacterium from the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum honeydew, Staphylococcus sciuri, which produces kairomones used by the aphidophagous hoverfly Episyrphus balteatus and the Asian Ladybeetle Harmonia axyridis during their search for prey colonies. Some specific semiochemicals produced by S. sciuri were identified as attractants and ovipositional stimulants. Similarly, we have shown scouts of the aphid tending ant species, Lasius niger, to orientate their foraging behaviour toward an Aphis fabae infested plant and we have demonstrated that the odours released by this aphid honeydew were attractive for ant scouts. Again, bacteria were involved in the production of these honeydew semiochemicals. Interestingly, ant scouts were also able to discriminate honeydew odour from A. fabae (usually attended by L. niger) and A. pisum (unattendedby L. niger). Comparison of the volatile and bacteria composition of both aphid species honeydew were attended. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 38 (7 ULg) On the human pose recovery based on a single viewPierard, Sébastien ; Van Droogenbroeck, Marc in International conference on pattern recognition applications and methods (ICPRAM) (2012, February)Estimating the pose of the observed person is crucial for a large variety of applications including home entertainment, man-machine interaction, video surveillance, etc. Often, only a single side view is ... [more ▼]Estimating the pose of the observed person is crucial for a large variety of applications including home entertainment, man-machine interaction, video surveillance, etc. Often, only a single side view is available, but authors claim that it is possible to derive the pose despite that humans evolve in a 3D environment. In addition, to decrease the sensitivity to color and texture, it is preferable to rely only on the silhouette to recover the pose. Under these conditions, we show that there is an intrinsic limitation: at least two poses correspond to the observed silhouette. We discuss this intrinsic limitation in details in this short paper. To our knowledge, this issue has been overlooked by authors in the past. We observe that this limitation has an impact on the way previous reported results should be interpreted, and it has clearly to be taken into account for designing new methods. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 104 (13 ULg) Daljit Nagra: Sourires de tigre et dents brunesMunos, Delphine Article for general public (2012)Detailed reference viewed: 17 (3 ULg) QUALITY BY DESIGN COMPLIANT METHOD VALIDATIONRozet, Eric ; Boulanger, B.; Hubert, Philippe Poster (2012, February)Analytical method validation is a mandatory step to evaluate the ability of developed methods to provide accurate results for their routine application in order to trust the critical decisions that will ... [more ▼]Analytical method validation is a mandatory step to evaluate the ability of developed methods to provide accurate results for their routine application in order to trust the critical decisions that will be made with them. Even if several guidelines exist to help perform analytical method validations (ICH Q2R1 [1], USP <1225> [2], …) there is still the need to clarify the meaning and interpretation of analytical method validation criteria and methodology. Indeed, actually method validation is mostly realised as the traditional check list implementation of e.g. the ICH Q2R1 or USP <1225> method validation requirements. However, within the trend of Quality by Design [3], there is the need to switch from this traditional vision to an analytical method validation really adding value and providing a high level of assurance of analytical methods results reliability. Yet, different interpretations can be made of the validation guidelines as well as for the definitions of the validation criteria. This will lead to diverse experimental designs implemented to try fulfilling these criteria. Finally, different decision methodologies can also be interpreted from these guidelines. Therefore, the risk that a validated analytical method may be unfit for its future purpose will depend on a personal interpretation of these guidelines. The objective of this presentation is thus to show that analytical method validation should be planned and performed by first starting with the end in mind: what is the objective of the analytical methods under study? In such a way analytical method validation is coherent with the actual Quality by Design regulatory expectations. The risk of having validated an analytical method unfit for its purpose is strongly reduced as well as the risk of generating Out of Specification (OOS) results due to an unfit method. References [1] International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) of Technical Requirements for registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use, Topic Q2 (R1): Validation of Analytical Procedures: Text and Methodology, Geneva, 2005. [2] USP 33 NF 28 S1, U.S. Pharmacopeia, 2007. USP–NF General Chapter <1225>. [3] International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use, Topic Q8(R2): Pharmaceutical development, Geneva, 2009. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 127 (5 ULg) Eddy Currents and Corner SingularitiesBuret, François; Dauge, Monique; Dular, Patrick et alin IEEE Transactions on Magnetics (2012), 48(2), 679-682Eddy current problems are addressed in a bidimensional setting where the conducting medium is non-magnetic and has a corner singularity. For any fixed parameter linked to the skin depth for a plane ... [more ▼]Eddy current problems are addressed in a bidimensional setting where the conducting medium is non-magnetic and has a corner singularity. For any fixed parameter linked to the skin depth for a plane interface, we show that the flux density is bounded near the corner unlike the perfect conducting case. Then as goes to zero, the first two terms of a multiscale expansion of the magnetic potential are introduced to tackle the magneto-harmonic problem. The heuristics of the method are given and numerical computations illustrate the obtained accuracy. [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 27 (5 ULg) Rapport 2 FIRST Spin Off IMONICGoffin, Dorothée Report (2012)Rapport du projet FIRST spin-off IMONIC financé par le SPW (Production de mélanges à valeur santé contenant des isomaltooligosaccharides et de l’acide gluconique prébiotiques et répondant au cahier des ... [more ▼]Rapport du projet FIRST spin-off IMONIC financé par le SPW (Production de mélanges à valeur santé contenant des isomaltooligosaccharides et de l’acide gluconique prébiotiques et répondant au cahier des charges de l’agriculture biologique). [less ▲]Detailed reference viewed: 34 (8 ULg)