References of "2012"
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See detailRetour d'expérience sur l plate-forme créative du LUCID-ULg
Leclercq, Pierre ULg

in LLERENA, DANIEL; RIEU, DOMINIQUE (Eds.) INNOVATION CONNAISSANCES ET SOCIÉTÉ - Vers une société de l'innovation (2012)

Ce chapitre est consacré à la présentation d'une unité de recherche universitaire originale, appelée le LUCID, créé en 2001 à l'Université de Liège (Belgique). Elle figure ici comme une expérience ... [more ▼]

Ce chapitre est consacré à la présentation d'une unité de recherche universitaire originale, appelée le LUCID, créé en 2001 à l'Université de Liège (Belgique). Elle figure ici comme une expérience partagée, créée autour de la notion d'innovation et menée avec une approche pluridisciplinaire centrée utilisateur et articulée autour des nouvelles technologies. Dès sa fondation, cette petite structure, très dynamique, a développé un savoir-faire spécifique, rapidement remarqué dans le domaine de l'ingénierie de conception, qui lui vaut d'être régulièrement citée et appelée à participer à des projets innovants. Parallèlement à ses projets, elle conduit une réflexion sur ses propres processus de création qu'elle cherche sans cesse à maîtriser et à diversifier. A l'invitation de l'Institut de l'Innovation INNOVACS de Grenoble, c'est une synthèse de cette analyse qui est proposée ici dans une perspective pratique, pas nécessairement reproductible mais potentiellement porteuse pour celles et ceux qui s'interrogent sur les méthodes opérationnelles de gestion de l'innovation. Ce chapitre est articulé en trois parties. Il présente d'abord l'équipe et quelques-uns de ses projets; il montre ensuite comment elle s'est organisée en termes de ressources humaines et logistiques; enfin, il propose une analyse rétroactive, permettant d'inspirer éventuellement d'autres contextes. [less ▲]

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See detailInfluence of Particle Packing on Elastic Properties of Concrete
He, Huan ULg; Stroeven, Piet; Stroeven, Martijn et al

in Magzine of Concrete Research (2012), 64(2), 163-175

Concrete is a complex composite material. Hence, the main components of concrete on meso-scale should be considered when studying its global elastic properties. As a main ingredient of concrete, aggregate ... [more ▼]

Concrete is a complex composite material. Hence, the main components of concrete on meso-scale should be considered when studying its global elastic properties. As a main ingredient of concrete, aggregate will exert influences on the elastic properties of concrete. In the present study, particularly particle shape and particle packing are considered of relevance. The densely packed structure of arbitrary shaped aggregate is simulated by a concurrent algorithm-based discrete element modelling (DEM) system. A comparison is pursued of data, produced by numerical models, either based on arbitrary angular-shaped particles or on spherical ones. This will be accomplished by means of the finite element method (FEM). The results can be used to evaluate the adequacy for this purpose of conventional numerical or analytical models based on spherical aggregates. The influences exerted on the elastic properties of concrete by other factors, such as the mechanical and physical properties of the aggregate, the ITZ and the matrix will also be addressed in this study. [less ▲]

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See detailLe ciel pour tous
Nazé, Yaël ULg

Article for general public (2012)

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See detailIdentifying and computing nonlinear normal modes
Cammarano, A.; Carrella, A.; Renson, Ludovic ULg et al

in Proceedings of the SEM IMAC XXX Conference (2012, February)

Non linear normal modes offer a rigorous framework, both mathematical and physical, for theoretical and experimental dynamical analysis. Albeit still in its infancy, the concept of non linear normal modes ... [more ▼]

Non linear normal modes offer a rigorous framework, both mathematical and physical, for theoretical and experimental dynamical analysis. Albeit still in its infancy, the concept of non linear normal modes has the potential of providing to both the academic and the industrial establishment a powerful tool for the analysis of non linear dynamical systems. However, in order to exploit the full potential of this theory (and its associated simulation capability), there is need to integrate it with other branches of non linear structural dynamics: namely, in order for the non linear normal modes of a real - physical - structure to be computed, there is need to identify and quantify its non linearity. In this paper, an identification method based on the measured Frequency Response Function (FRF) is employed to identify and quantify the system's non linearity before computing the system's non linear normal modes. [less ▲]

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See detailOn the human pose recovery based on a single view
Pierard, Sébastien ULg; Van Droogenbroeck, Marc ULg

in International conference on pattern recognition applications and methods (ICPRAM) (2012, February)

Estimating the pose of the observed person is crucial for a large variety of applications including home entertainment, man-machine interaction, video surveillance, etc. Often, only a single side view is ... [more ▼]

Estimating the pose of the observed person is crucial for a large variety of applications including home entertainment, man-machine interaction, video surveillance, etc. Often, only a single side view is available, but authors claim that it is possible to derive the pose despite that humans evolve in a 3D environment. In addition, to decrease the sensitivity to color and texture, it is preferable to rely only on the silhouette to recover the pose. Under these conditions, we show that there is an intrinsic limitation: at least two poses correspond to the observed silhouette. We discuss this intrinsic limitation in details in this short paper. To our knowledge, this issue has been overlooked by authors in the past. We observe that this limitation has an impact on the way previous reported results should be interpreted, and it has clearly to be taken into account for designing new methods. [less ▲]

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See detailUne introduction à la nouvelle vague. Parcours croisés de François Truffaut et Jean-Luc Godard
Tomasovic, Dick ULg

Conference given outside the academic context (2012)

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See detailRhino vs paquebot: 1-0
Hamers, Jérémy ULg

Article for general public (2012)

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See detailGC×GC TOFMS analysis of tobacco mainstream smoke
Brokl, Michal ULg; Bishop; Wright et al

in HTC-12 Book of abstracts (2012, February)

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See detailL'astronomie dans le monde
Manfroid, Jean ULg

Article for general public (2012)

Survivantes; Kepler-20 et KOI-961;Êta Carinae; Exo-Saturne ? ; GRAIL; Tranquillityite; H1743-322; Matière noire; ACT-CL J0102-4915; Nébuleuse Oméga

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See detailA dynamic analysis of higher-comoment risk premiums in Hedge Fund returns
Lambert, Marie ULg

in Journal of Derivatives and Hedge Funds (2012), 18(1), 73-84

Hedge funds display a strong non-linear payoff structure because of the use of highly dynamic trading strategies. This article examines the relevance of using higherorder comoment equity risk premiums ... [more ▼]

Hedge funds display a strong non-linear payoff structure because of the use of highly dynamic trading strategies. This article examines the relevance of using higherorder comoment equity risk premiums implied in the United States and the emerging markets for capturing these return non-linearities. We provide evidence that the higherorder comoment equity risk premiums help in explaining the returns of the different hedge fund strategies from the Hedge Fund Research classification. We perform a dynamic analysis where moment risk exposures are examined separately in up and down markets. We show that hedge fund styles tend to vary their exposures to moment risks according to the market regimes. [less ▲]

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See detailInvisible computer for collaborative design : evaluation of a multimodal sketch-based environment
Defays, Aurore ULg; Safin, Stéphane ULg; Darses, Françoise et al

in Work: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment and Rehabilitation (2012), Supplement 1

In the areas of design, especially in architectural design, collaboration has become an important challenge. The specialization of skills increase, work teams are more and more extensive and the ... [more ▼]

In the areas of design, especially in architectural design, collaboration has become an important challenge. The specialization of skills increase, work teams are more and more extensive and the geographic distance between them increases too. The economic and ecological stakes related to remote collaboration are an evidence. This context involves the need to support most efficiently possible remote working meetings. We present the Distributed Collaborative Digital Studio (DSDC), a tool designed to recreate, in distant situations, the context of copresence meetings. This shared environment is created in the “invisible computer” approach. The idea is that the tool should disappear from user’s consciousness. Indeed, creative design activities require some fluidity in their process. Therefore, any involuntary interruption created by the system can potentially brake creativity. In this perspective, we investigate specifically the “invisibility” of our environment. To do this, we propose a framework for the operationalization of the concept and a methodology to test the system invisibility. This methodology was applied through a case study consisting of a corpus of 12 hours of remote collaborative design sessions with the DSDC. We highlight the learning effects while using our system, conclude on its effectiveness and discuss our methodology. [less ▲]

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See detailLe Parlement Jeunesse de la Communauté française, une initiative citoyenne ?
Wintgens, Sophie ULg; Dabée, Maëlle

in Fournier, Bernard; Hudon, Raymond (Eds.) Engagements politiques et citoyens de jeunes. Bilans et expériences au Canada et en Europe (2012, February)

Créée en 1997 dans l'esprit du modèle québécois, l'ASBL Parlement Jeunesse de la Communauté française organise annuellement une simulation parlementaire à destination de jeunes francophones résidants en ... [more ▼]

Créée en 1997 dans l'esprit du modèle québécois, l'ASBL Parlement Jeunesse de la Communauté française organise annuellement une simulation parlementaire à destination de jeunes francophones résidants en Belgique, âgés de 17 à 26 ans. Cette initiative citoyenne permet ainsi à une centaine de jeunes, idéalement issus de tous milieux et de tous horizons, de découvrir les rouages internes de la démocratie, conformément aux mécanismes et procédures propres au système parlementaire belge. Là où nombre d'études scientifiques sur l'engagement politique des jeunes s'accordent sur la prévalence d'un désintérêt manifeste et – plus largement – sur une tendance générale au déclin de l'engagement politique chez les jeunes, l'action citoyenne mise en œuvre par le Parlement Jeunesse témoigne en réalité de l'existence de formes moins classiques – dans le cas présent, associative – de socialisation des jeunes à la « chose politique ». L’objectif général poursuivi dans cette contribution est d'identifier la nature et les fondements de l'engagement politique déployé à travers cette jeune initiative, ainsi que d’en mesurer la portée et les limites. Dès lors, en quoi le Parlement Jeunesse participe-t-il de l’engagement politique des jeunes ? Ne contribue-t-il qu’au renforcement d’un intérêt politique latent et préexistant ? A contrario, participe-t-il de la construction d’un engagement politique au départ d’un processus d’apprentissage pratique des rouages de la démocratie parlementaire ? En d’autres termes, quelles sont les forces et les faiblesses de cette initiative citoyenne en terme de socialisation politique de la jeunesse ? [less ▲]

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See detailPOST-COMBUSTION CO2 CAPTURE: Global Process Simulation and Solvent Degradation
Léonard, Grégoire ULg; Lepaumier, Hélène; Blandina, Fabrice et al

Poster (2012, February)

One of the biggest upcoming challenges concerning both environmental and energy systems engineering is the control and limitation of greenhouse gas emissions due to human activity. Fossil fuels-fired ... [more ▼]

One of the biggest upcoming challenges concerning both environmental and energy systems engineering is the control and limitation of greenhouse gas emissions due to human activity. Fossil fuels-fired power plants are in this context one of the main contributors due to the large amounts of CO2 emitted. Different technologies have been developed for capturing CO2 from such power plants. This work focuses on post-combustion CO2 capture by reactive absorption into amine solvents like monoethanolamine (MEA). The main drawback of this technology is actually the high energy requirement of the process, especially for solvent regeneration. It is then highly interesting to model the capture process so that optimal operating conditions could be approached by simulation thus reducing the number of expensive experimental tests. Thanks to the simulation, it has been possible to identify the most influent process variables and to optimize their value. It was also possible to study the impact of process modifications on the global capture efficiency. The improvements studied allowed for a reduction by up to 14% of the process exergy consumption. Another major drawback of the post-combustion CO2 capture is solvent degradation, which can be due to thermal as well as oxidative mechanisms. Degradation affects the CO2 capture process since it may cause corrosion, foaming and fouling, possibly inducing a decrease of the solvent efficiency and high additional operating costs due to solvent replacement. In order to study degradation of conventional amine solvents as well as degradation of novel solvents, a degradation test rig has been built at the University of Liège in collaboration with the company Laborelec, member of the GDF SUEZ group. First results show that degradation obtained on this lab installation can be compared to degradation results observed on CO2 capture pilot installation. The final objective of this thesis is to make a link between degradation and simulation. Experimental data obtained on the degradation test rig will be implemented into the existing simulation model so that optimal operating conditions considering both process energy efficiency and solvent degradation can be determined. [less ▲]

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See detailElectromagnetic absorption properties of carbon nanotube nanocomposite foam filling honeycomb waveguide structures
Quiévy, Nicolas; Bollen, Pierre; Thomassin, Jean-Michel ULg et al

in IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility (2012), 24(1), 43-51

Carbon nanotube reinforced polymer foams filling a metallic honeycomb were processed and characterized for the production of hybrid materials with high electromagnetic absorption potential ... [more ▼]

Carbon nanotube reinforced polymer foams filling a metallic honeycomb were processed and characterized for the production of hybrid materials with high electromagnetic absorption potential. Electromagnetic modeling and experimental characterization of the hybrids proved that the honeycomb, acting as a hexagonal waveguide, improves the absorption properties in the gigahertz range above the cutoff frequency. The electromagnetic absorption can be tuned by changing the hybrid material properties. The required levels of electrical conductivity are attained owing to the dispersion of low amounts (1–2 wt%) of carbon nanotubes inside the polymermatrix. The combination of the foam and honeycomb architecture contributes to decrease the real part of the relative effective permittivity Re{εr,eff }. Varying the cell shape of the honeycomb changes the frequency range for high absorption. An analytical model for the absorption has been developed, showing good agreement with the experimental results. [less ▲]

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See detailTime-domain surface impedance boundary conditions enhanced by coarse volume finite-element discretisation
Vazquez Sabariego, Ruth ULg; Geuzaine, Christophe ULg; Dular, Patrick ULg et al

in IEEE Transactions on Magnetics (2012), 48(2), 631-634

In computational magnetodynamics, surface impedance boundary conditions allow to accurately account for high-frequency flux components while removing the massive conducting regions from the computation ... [more ▼]

In computational magnetodynamics, surface impedance boundary conditions allow to accurately account for high-frequency flux components while removing the massive conducting regions from the computation domain. The time-domain approach previously proposed by the authors relies on the spatial discretisation of a 1-D eddy-current problem by means of dedicated basis functions derived from the analytical frequency-domain solution. In this paper, these time-domain impedance conditions are combined with a coarse volume finite-element discretisation of the massive conductors to capture slowly varying flux components. The accuracy of the hybrid approach can further be improved by introducing a fictitious frequency-dependent conductivity. The method is illustrated and validated by means of 1-D and 2-D test cases in the frequency and time domain. [less ▲]

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See detailCOMBINATION OF INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS, DESIGN OF EXPERIMENTS AND DESIGN SPACE FOR A NOVEL METHODOLOGY TO DEVELOP CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHODS
Rozet, Eric ULg; Debrus, Benjamin ULg; Lebrun, Pierre ULg et al

Poster (2012, February)

As defined by ICH [1] and FDA, Quality by Design (QbD) stands for “a systematic approach to development that begins with predefined objectives and emphasizes product and process understanding and process ... [more ▼]

As defined by ICH [1] and FDA, Quality by Design (QbD) stands for “a systematic approach to development that begins with predefined objectives and emphasizes product and process understanding and process control, based on sound science and quality risk management”. A risk–based QbD–compliant approach is proposed for the robust development of analytical methods. This methodology based on Design of Experiments (DoE) to study the experimental domain models the retention times at the beginning, the apex and the end of each peak corresponding to the compounds of a mixture and uses the separation criterion (S) rather than the resolution (RS) as a Critical Quality Attribute. Stepwise multiple linear regressions are used to create the models. The estimated error is propagated from the modelled responses to the separation criterion (S) using Monte Carlo simulations in order to estimate the predictive distribution of the separation criterion (S) over the whole experimental domain. This allows finding ranges of operating conditions that will guarantee a satisfactory quality of the method in its future use. These ranges define the Design Space (DS) of the method. In chromatographic terms, the chromatograms processed at operating conditions within the DS will assuredly show high quality, with well separated peaks and short run time, for instance. This Design Space can thus be defined as the subspace, necessarily encompassed in the experimental domain (i.e. the knowledge space), within which the probability for the criterion to be higher than an advisedly selected threshold is higher than a minimum quality level. Precisely, the DS is defined as “the multidimensional combination and interaction of input variables (e.g., material attributes) and process parameters that have been demonstrated to provide assurance of quality” [1]. Therefore, this DS defines a region of operating conditions that provide prediction of assurance of quality rather than only quality as obtained with traditional mean response surface optimisation strategies. For instance, in the liquid chromatography there is a great difference in e.g. predicting a resolution (RS) higher than 1.5 vs. predicting that the probability for RS to be higher than 1.5 (i.e. P(RS> 1.5)) is high. The presentation of this global methodology will be illustrated for the robust optimisation and DS definition of several liquid chromatographic methods dedicated to the separation of different mixtures: pharmaceutical formulations, API and impurities/degradation products, plant extracts, separation of enantiomers, … References [1] International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use, Topic Q8(R2): Pharmaceutical development, Geneva, 2009. [less ▲]

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See detailEuropean project, demo “NETFLEX” For large integration of renewables using DLR, PST and PMU.
Lilien, Jean-Louis ULg

Conference (2012, February)

forecasting ampacity as a need for power system operation

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See detailFrançois Jacqmin, entre l'ascèse et la tempête
Purnelle, Gérald ULg

Article for general public (2012)

François Jacqmin compte parmi les quelques deux ou trois plus grands poètes de Belgique. Toute l’écriture de celui qui a dit « la poésie sera consolatrice, ou rien » est une lutte contre les limites ou ... [more ▼]

François Jacqmin compte parmi les quelques deux ou trois plus grands poètes de Belgique. Toute l’écriture de celui qui a dit « la poésie sera consolatrice, ou rien » est une lutte contre les limites ou les illusions de la pensée et de la parole, une tentative de dépasser l’impuissance de la poésie à conserver trace de l’émerveillement de l’homme devant la nature. Réel et langage, désir et nihilisme sont les pôles d’une œuvre capitale. [less ▲]

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