Les planètes géantes, leur composition et leur environnement magnétique

Scientific conference (2011)

Nous présentons un résumé de résultats récents et de programmes en développement relatifs à l'exploration du système solaire.

Quelque part entre Charleville et l’Arcadie. Esquisse d’une lecture croisée des postures de Virginie Despentes et de Patti Smith.

in COnTEXTES : Revue de Sociologie de la Littérature (2011), 8

Model-based optimal PEEP in mechanically ventilated ARDS patients in the Intensive Care Unit

in Biomedical Engineering Online (2011), 10

Background: The optimal level of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is still widely debated in treating acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients. Current methods of selecting PEEP only ... [more ▼]

Background: The optimal level of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is still widely debated in treating acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients. Current methods of selecting PEEP only provide a range of values and do not provide unique patient-specific solutions. Model-based methods offer a novel way of using non-invasive pressure-volume (PV) measurements to estimate patient recruitability. This paper examines the clinical viability of such models in pilot clinical trials to assist therapy, optimise patient-specific PEEP, assess the disease state and response over time. Methods: Ten patients with acute lung injury or ARDS underwent incremental PEEP recruitment manoeuvres. PV data was measured at increments of 5 cmH(2)O and fitted to the recruitment model. Inspiratory and expiratory breath holds were performed to measure airway resistance and auto-PEEP. Three model-based metrics are used to optimise PEEP based on opening pressures, closing pressures and net recruitment. ARDS status was assessed by model parameters capturing recruitment and compliance. Results: Median model fitting error across all patients for inflation and deflation was 2.8% and 1.02% respectively with all patients experiencing auto-PEEP. In all three metrics' cases, model-based optimal PEEP was higher than clinically selected PEEP. Two patients underwent multiple recruitment manoeuvres over time and model metrics reflected and tracked the state or their ARDS. Conclusions: For ARDS patients, the model-based method presented in this paper provides a unique, non-invasive method to select optimal patient-specific PEEP. In addition, the model has the capability to assess disease state over time using these same models and methods. [less ▲]

The reduction of the stress response by jasmonic acid and putrescine has a beneficial effect on in vitro tuber formation and development of yam

in Plant Abiotic Stress: From Systems Biology to Sustainable Agriculture 4th International Workshop - Cost Action FA0605 17-17 November 2011 (2011)

Presbyastasie et application de la réhabilitation vestibulaire en gériatrie

in Revue Médicale de Liège (2011), 66(3), 130-4

Balance disorders can have a major functional impact among the elderly. The main risk is falling. Three elements are implicated in the loss of balance: vision, proprioception and the vestibular system ... [more ▼]

Balance disorders can have a major functional impact among the elderly. The main risk is falling. Three elements are implicated in the loss of balance: vision, proprioception and the vestibular system. This article will discuss mainly vestibular damage and its implications. The assessment of balance disorders, particularly in geriatric patients, is based on validated scales composed of several items. These provide scores and are based on the results of chronometric measurements. They can be useful for the application of Vestibular Rehabilitation (VR ), a technique improving the adaptation and autonomy of these patients. Vestibular rehabilitation is therefore part of an overall support, the goal of therapy being to improve daily life and to reduce the risk of falls. [less ▲]

Gas Sensing with Au-Decorated Carbon Nanotubes

in ACS Nano (2011), 5(6), 4592-4599

The sensing properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) decorated with gold nanopar- ticles have been investigated by means of combined theoretical and experimental approaches. On one hand, first-principles and ... [more ▼]

The sensing properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) decorated with gold nanopar- ticles have been investigated by means of combined theoretical and experimental approaches. On one hand, first-principles and nonequilibrium Green's functions techniques give access to the microscopic features of the sensing mechanisms in individual nanotubes, such as electronic charge transfers and quantum conductances. On the other hand, drop coating deposition of carbon nanotubes decorated with gold nanoparticles onto sensor substrates and their characterization in the detection of pollutants such as NO2, CO, and C6H6 provide insight into the sensing ability of nanotube mats. Using the present combined approaches, the improvement in the detection of some specific gases (NO2 and CO) using Au-functionalized nanotubes is explained. However, for other gases such as C6H6, the Au nanoparticles do not seem to play a crucial role in the sensing process when compared with pristine CNTs functionalized with oxygen plasma. Indeed, these different situations can be explained by identifying the relationship between the change of resistance (macroscopic feature) and the shift of the Fermi level (microscopic feature) after gas adsorption. The understanding of the sensing ability at the atomic level opens the way to design new gas sensors and to tune their selectivity by predicting the nature of the metal that is the most appropriate to detect specific molecular species. [less ▲]

Compte-rendu de l'ouvrage de Heinhard STEIGER , Die Ordnung der Welt

in Francia-Recensio (2011), 2

Les Enjeux de la Mobilisation des Parties Prenantes dans un Processus de Certification Sociale. Le Cas d’un Call Center

in Revue Internationale P.M.E. (2011)

La présente recherche vise à comprendre le processus de mobilisation des parties prenantes dans une PME qui a initié un projet de certification sociale. La revue de littérature de la théorie des parties ... [more ▼]

La présente recherche vise à comprendre le processus de mobilisation des parties prenantes dans une PME qui a initié un projet de certification sociale. La revue de littérature de la théorie des parties prenantes explore et analyse les relations entre l’organisation et ses parties prenantes en mettant l’organisation dans une posture de réactivité face aux différentes pressions qu’elle reçoit de ses parties prenantes. Nous nous plaçons à l’opposé de cette posture en mettant l’organisation dans un rôle proactif dans lequel elle tente de mobiliser ses parties prenantes autour d’un projet de responsabilité sociale initié par elle-même. Très peu d’études académiques se sont intéressées à ce scénario, notre article souhaite ainsi combler le vide existant dans la littérature. En combinant différentes théories mobilisées pour analyser le positionnement des parties prenantes et la sociologie de la traduction, nous élaborons une grille d’analyse de ce processus d’implication qui débouche sur des propositions managériales. [less ▲]

Pre-Surgical Hand Antisepsis: Concepts and Current Habits of Veterinary Surgeons

in Veterinary Surgery : The Official Journal of the American College of Veterinary Surgeons (2011), 40(5), 515-521

Objective: To assess current habits for surgical hand preparation amongst veterinary surgical specialists and to compare data with current guidelines for hand asepsis techniques. Study design: Survey of ... [more ▼]

Objective: To assess current habits for surgical hand preparation amongst veterinary surgical specialists and to compare data with current guidelines for hand asepsis techniques. Study design: Survey of veterinary surgical specialists Sample Population: Diplomates of the American (ACVS) and European Colleges of Veterinary Surgeons (ECVS). Methods: An internet based survey of hand preparation methods before surgical procedures was conducted of 1300 listed ACVS and ECVS Diplomates. Results: A 42.6% response rate was obtained. Approximately 80% of respondents use disinfecting soaps as a primary method for hand antisepsis. Of those, 81% use chlorhexidine based scrubs and 7% use a neutral soap followed by a hydroalcoholic solution. Conclusions: Contrary to current recommendations of the World Health Organization and scientific evidence supporting use of hydro-alcoholic rubs for presurgical hand preparation, veterinary surgical specialists still use surgical scrub solutions containing disinfecting soaps. [less ▲]

Lesen ist (k)eine Metapher: Wirklichkeitslektüren bei Sibylle Lewitscharoff, Annette Pehnt und Judith Schalansky

Scientific conference (2011)