Partager des corpus et leurs analyses à l'heure du Web 2.0

in Degrés : Revue de Synthèses à Orientation Sémiologique (2009), 36-37(136-137), 1-20

En se focalisant sur les documents, l'interprétation et l'intersubjectivité, les technologies du Web 2.0 présentent de surprenantes analogies avec l'herméneutique philosophique, théorie de l ... [more ▼]

En se focalisant sur les documents, l'interprétation et l'intersubjectivité, les technologies du Web 2.0 présentent de surprenantes analogies avec l'herméneutique philosophique, théorie de l'interprétation des textes. L'herméneutique philosophique fut obtenue par généralisation de l'herméneutique biblique par Dilthey au XIXe siècle pour être choisie comme alternative au positivisme dans la fondation de l'épistémologie et des méthodes des sciences de l'homme et de la société. Le présent article tente de montrer en quoi les technologies du Web 2.0 semblent plus adaptées aux besoins des sciences de l'homme et de la société que l'informatique traditionnelle, historiquement liée au positivisme logique. Des illustrations sont fournies en archéologie et en sociologie, deux disciplines qui furent des précurseurs dans l'utilisation de la mécanographie et des ordinateurs. [less ▲]

Approches numériques et expérimentales en appui à la gestion durable des sédiments

in Proc. Morphodynamique et gestion des sédiments dans les estuaires, les baies et les deltas (2009)

Bifurcation Behavior of Airfoil Undergoing Stall Flutter Oscillations in Low-Speed Wind Tunnel

in AIAA Journal (2009), 47(11), 2577-2596

Stall flutter is a nonlinear aeroelastic phenomenon that can affect several types of aeroelastic systems such as helicopter rotor blades, wind turbine blades, and highly flexible wings. Although the ... [more ▼]

Stall flutter is a nonlinear aeroelastic phenomenon that can affect several types of aeroelastic systems such as helicopter rotor blades, wind turbine blades, and highly flexible wings. Although the related aerodynamic phenomenon of dynamic stall has been the subject of many experimental studies, stall flutter itself has rarely been investigated. This paper presents a set of experiments conducted on a NACA0012 airfoil undergoing stall flutter oscillations in a low-speed wind tunnel. The aeroelastic responses are analyzed with the objective of characterizing the local bifurcation behavior of the system. It is shown that symmetric stall flutter oscillations are encountered as a result of a subcritical Hopf bifurcation, followed by a fold bifurcation. The cause of these bifurcations is the occurrence of dynamic stall, which allows the transfer of energy from the freestream to the wing. A second bifurcation occurs at the system’s static divergence airspeed. As a consequence, the wing starts to undergo asymmetric stall flutter bifurcations at only positive (or only negative) pitch angles. The dynamic stall mechanism itself does not change but the flow only separates on one side of the wing. [less ▲]

Assessment of the ecological status of Mediterranean French coastal waters as required by the Water Framework Directive using the Posidonia oceanica Rapid Easy Index: PREI

in Marine Pollution Bulletin (2009), 58

This paper describes the PREI (Posidonia oceanica Rapid Easy Index), a method used to assess the ecological status of seawater along Mediterranean French coasts. The PREI was drawn up according to the ... [more ▼]

This paper describes the PREI (Posidonia oceanica Rapid Easy Index), a method used to assess the ecological status of seawater along Mediterranean French coasts. The PREI was drawn up according to the requirements of the Water Framework Directive (WFD 2000/60/EC) and was tested on 24 and 18 stations in PACA (Provence-Alpes-Côtes d’Azur) and Corsica respectively. The PREI is based on five metrics: shoot density, shoot leaf surface area, E/L ratio (Epiphytic biomass/leaf biomass), depth of lower limit, and type of this lower limit. The 42 studied stations were classified in the first four levels of status: high, good, moderate and poor. The PREI values ranged between 0.280 and 0.847; this classification is in accordance with our field knowledge and with our knowledge of the literature. The PREI was validated regarding human pressure levels (r²= 0.74). (http://eurex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2000:327:0001:0072:EN:PDF) [less ▲]

Insights into the Defense-Related Events Occuring in Plant Cells Following Perception of Surfactin-Type Lipopeptide from Bacillus subtilis

in Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions [=MPMI] (2009), 22(4), 456-468

Multiple strains of Bacillus subtilis were demonstrated to stimulate plant defense responses, and cyclic lipopeptides may be involved in the elicitation of this induced systemic resistance phenomenon ... [more ▼]

Multiple strains of Bacillus subtilis were demonstrated to stimulate plant defense responses, and cyclic lipopeptides may be involved in the elicitation of this induced systemic resistance phenomenon. Here, we further investigated molecular events underlying the interaction between wuch lipopeptides and plant cells. Addition of surfactin but not fengycin or iturin in the micromolar range to tobacco cell suspensions induced defense-related early events such as extracellular medium alkalinization coupled with ion fluxes and reactive oxygen species production. Surfactin also stimulated the defense enzymes phenylalanine ammonia lyase and lipoxygenase and modified the pattern of phenolics produced by the elicited cells. The occurence of these surfactin-elicited early events is closely related to Ca2+ influx and dynamic changes in protein phosphorylation but is not associed with any marked phytotoxicity or adverse effect on the integrity and growth potential of the treated tobacco cells. [less ▲]

La vignette thérapeutique de l'étudiant. La maladie de Parkinson debutante

in Revue Médicale de Liège (2009), 64(4), 228-32

We present a discussion on the treatment options in the case of a patient seen at the outpatient abnormal movement clinic for a resting tremor of both hands. Signs and symptoms of the parkinsonian ... [more ▼]

We present a discussion on the treatment options in the case of a patient seen at the outpatient abnormal movement clinic for a resting tremor of both hands. Signs and symptoms of the parkinsonian syndrome are summarized as well as the current treatment options of early Parkinson's disease. [less ▲]

Evaluating a calibration method for the estimation of fragmented rocks 3D-size-distribution out of 2D images

in Sanchidrian, J. A. (Ed.) Fragblast 9 (2009)

Image analysis is a tool having great potential for the quantification of fragmented rocks size-distribution. This recent technique should be validated according to sieving measurements. Current acquisi ... [more ▼]

Image analysis is a tool having great potential for the quantification of fragmented rocks size-distribution. This recent technique should be validated according to sieving measurements. Current acquisi-tion allows the obtaining of only 2D information from images. In addition, the 3D passage is extremely prob-lematic. Firstly, the usual stereological methods do not work because the reasoning is carried out on non-random projections. Secondly, estimated sizes differ from those measured by sieving. Last, a quantity of mat-terial measured during sieving remains inaccessible by image analysis, due to masking and segregation. This paper evaluates a method directly connecting 2D raw data to 3D sieving measurements. The cited problems are reduced as much as possible thanks to the adoption of an isotropic 2D sorting criterion, and thanks to samples without masking and segregation. Important results have been obtained. Firstly, the characteristic size is correctly estimated in 2D, giving access to computing the uniformity index through known models. Secondly, the stereological approach, bringing into play proportions, is not sufficiently robust to reconstruct easily volume distributions. Limits of this kind of methods, which are, unfortunately, currently used in several granulometric applications, are analyzed. [less ▲]

Two types of analyses to highlight difficulties in elementary algebra

in EME 2008 (2009)

21ième activité du CDS : Favoriser l'acquisition d'un système de travail adapté à l'enseignement universitaire : Témoignages et réflexions

Report (2009)

Handling range ambiguities in registration-based range-dependence compensation for conformal array STAP

Conference (2009)