Early boost and slow consolidation in motor skill learning

in Learning & Memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) (2006), 13(5, Sep-Oct), 580-583

Motorskill learning is a dynamic process that continues covertly after training has ended and eventually leads to delayed increments in performance. Current theories Suggest that this off-line improvement ... [more ▼]

Motorskill learning is a dynamic process that continues covertly after training has ended and eventually leads to delayed increments in performance. Current theories Suggest that this off-line improvement takes time and appears only after several hours. Here we show an early transient and short-lived boost in performance, emerging as early as 5-30 min after training but no longer observed 4 h later. This early boost is predictive of the performance achieved 48 h later, Suggesting its functional relevance for memory processes. [less ▲]

Introgressions interspecifiques chez le cotonnier.

in Cahiers Agricultures (2006), 15(1),

Elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema in rats: comparison of computed density and microscopic morphometry.

in Radiology (2006), 241(3), 763-70

PURPOSE: To prospectively compare computed tomographic (CT) quantification of pulmonary emphysema in elastase-treated rats with morphometry and to evaluate the information yielded by CT quantification and ... [more ▼]

PURPOSE: To prospectively compare computed tomographic (CT) quantification of pulmonary emphysema in elastase-treated rats with morphometry and to evaluate the information yielded by CT quantification and pulmonary function tests. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was approved by the local committee on care and use of animals in research. Thirty-six animals were used. Emphysema was produced by means of one or two tracheal injections of 300 IU of elastase, 8 weeks apart, in seven and 12 rats, respectively. As a control group, 10 rats received an injection of normal saline. The dynamic resistance, dynamic compliance, and static compliance were measured. CT was performed with 1-mm section thickness and 3-mm intervals. Relative areas of lung with attenuation coefficients lower than nine chosen thresholds (from -900 to -980 HU) and eight percentiles (from 1st to 18th percentiles) of the distribution of attenuation coefficients were compared with measurements of alveoli size--that is, mean interwall distance (MIWD) and mean perimeter per field (MP). Correlations between data obtained with thresholds and percentiles and MIWD and MP were investigated by means of Spearman coefficients (r(s)). Values of pulmonary function tests, most appropriate relative area threshold, and percentile were investigated by means of stepwise multiple regressions. RESULTS: For thresholds, relative surface area with attenuation coefficients less than -940 HU (RA(940)) showed the strongest correlations with findings at microscopy (r(s) = 0.676, P < .001 for MIWD; r(s) = -0.720, P < .001 for MP). For percentiles, the 3rd percentile showed the strongest correlations (r(s) = -0.647, P < .001 for MIWD; r(s) = 0.701, P < .001 for MP). Dynamic compliance and RA(940) or 3rd percentile were complementary for predicting microscopic measurements. CONCLUSION: In rats, RA(940) and the 3rd percentile reflect the extent of elastase-induced pulmonary emphysema and are complementary to dynamic compliance to predict microscopic extent. [less ▲]

EVALUATION DES RESTAURATIONS DE PELOUSES CALCICOLES EN BELGIQUE : STRUCTURE SPATIALE, DIVERSITE BOTANIQUE ET CONDITIONS DE SOL

Conference (2006)

Androgens regulation of the ERBB1 and ERBB2 oncogene expression in human prostate cancer cells

in Acta Clinica Belgica (2006), 61(2, MAR-APR), 95-95

Les pratiques de copies au sein de l'atelier de Lombard

in Denhaene, Godelieve (Ed.) Lambert Lombard, Peintre de la Renaissance. Liège 1505/06-1566 :Essais interdiscipinaires et catalogue de l'exposition (2006)

Étiquettes de médicaments, listes de drogues, prescriptions et réceptaires dans l'Égypte gréco-romaine et byzantine

in Collard, Franck; Samana, Evelyne (Eds.) Pharmacopoles et apothicaires. Les "pharmaciens" de l'Antiquité au Grand Siècle (2006)

Survey of the greek papyri with drugs'names, lists of drugs, prescriptions and receptaries in Graeco-Roman and Byzantine Egypt

A virtual test facility for the efficient simulation of solid material response under strong shock and detonation wave loading

in Engineering With Computers (2006), 22(3-4), 325347

A virtual test facility (VTF) for studying the three-dimensional dynamic response of solid materials subject to strong shock and detonation waves has been constructed as part of the research program of ... [more ▼]

A virtual test facility (VTF) for studying the three-dimensional dynamic response of solid materials subject to strong shock and detonation waves has been constructed as part of the research program of the Center for Simulating the Dynamic Response of Materials at the California Institute of Technology. The compressible fluid flow is simulated with a Cartesian finite volume method and treating the solid as an embedded moving body, while a Lagrangian finite element scheme is employed to describe the structural response to the hydrodynamic pressure loading. A temporal splitting method is applied to update the position and velocity of the boundary between time steps. The boundary is represented implicitly in the fluid solver with a level set function that is constructed on-the-fly from the unstructured solid surface mesh. Block-structured mesh adaptation with time step refinement in the fluid allows for the efficient consideration of disparate fluid and solid time scales. We detail the design of the employed object-oriented mesh refinement framework AMROC and outline its effective extension for fluid-structure interaction problems. Further, we describe the parallelization of the most important algorithmic components for distributed memory machines and discuss the applied partitioning strategies. As computational examples for typical VTF applications, we present the dynamic deformation of a tantalum cylinder due to the detonation of an interior solid explosive and the impact of an explosion-induced shock wave on a multi-material soft tissue body. [less ▲]

Synthesis and biological activities of 7-aza rebeccamycin analogues bearing the sugar moiety on the nitrogen of the pyridine ring.

in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry (2006), 14(22), 7551-62

The synthesis of a new family of 7-aza-rebeccamycin analogues in which the sugar moiety is attached to the nitrogen of the pyridine ring is described. The capacity of the newly synthesized compounds to ... [more ▼]

The synthesis of a new family of 7-aza-rebeccamycin analogues in which the sugar moiety is attached to the nitrogen of the pyridine ring is described. The capacity of the newly synthesized compounds to bind to DNA and to inhibit topoisomerase I has been evaluated. Their cytotoxicities toward four tumor cell lines, one murine leukemia L1210 and three human tumor cell lines, one prostate carcinoma DU145, one colon carcinoma HT29, and one non-small cell lung carcinoma A549, have been determined. Their abilities to inhibit the checkpoint kinase Chk1 have been evaluated. [less ▲]

Intérêt des ondes de choc (ESWT: extracorporeal shock wave therapy) dans le traitement des arthropathies calcifiantes

in Revue Médicale de Liège (2006), 61(5-6, May-Jun), 341-4

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) regularly used in Urology finds at present an indication for the treatment of soft tissue calcifications. A literature review presents the physical characteristics ... [more ▼]

Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) regularly used in Urology finds at present an indication for the treatment of soft tissue calcifications. A literature review presents the physical characteristics, action mode and side effects; it also outlines some of the clinical indications. [less ▲]