Showing results 81 to 100 of 3707
   Biosafety of Herpesvirus Vectors; ; et al in Current Gene Therapy (2003), 3(6), 597-611 Herpesviruses are large DNA viruses, which possess a number of advantages as gene delivery vectors. These relate to an ability to package large DNA insertions and establish lifelong latent infections in ... [more ▼] Herpesviruses are large DNA viruses, which possess a number of advantages as gene delivery vectors. These relate to an ability to package large DNA insertions and establish lifelong latent infections in which the viral genome exists as a stable episome in the nucleus. For gene therapy to become a potential future treatment option, biosafe therapeutically efficient gene transfer is a central, but more and more stringent requirement. This review highlights the progress in development of herpesvirus based vectors, describes their properties as wall as discusses the biosafety concerns that are associated with their use in gene therapy. Thought was also given to biosafety issues pertaining to design and production of herpesvirus vector systems in therapeutic gene delivery. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 13 (1 ULg)8-Chloro-5-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-11H-pyrido[2,3-b][1,5]benzoxazepineDupont, Léon  ; Liégeois, Jean-François in Acta Crystallographica Section E-Structure Reports Online (2003), 59(Part 12), 1962-1963 The crystal structure of the title compound, C17H17ClN4O, has been undertaken as part of our studies of dopamine receptors. The oxazepine ring has a boat conformation, while the piperazine ring is in a ... [more ▼] The crystal structure of the title compound, C17H17ClN4O, has been undertaken as part of our studies of dopamine receptors. The oxazepine ring has a boat conformation, while the piperazine ring is in a normal chair conformation. The dihedral angle between the two aromatic rings that lie on the same side of the oxazepine moiety is 113.99 (7)degrees. There is no hydrogen bonding. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 19 (1 ULg) Impact du Percussionaire® et de la kinésithérapie respiratoire conventionnelle après chirurgie cardiaque : étude randomisée contrôléeKellens, Isabelle ; ; et alin Réanimation (2003, December), 12(suppl 3), 243 Detailed reference viewed: 77 (6 ULg)Crural artery bypass with the autogenous greater saphenous veinVan Damme, Hendrik ; Zhang, Lihong ; et alin European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery : The Official Journal of the European Society for Vascular Surgery (2003), 26(6), 635-642 Objective. To evaluate the long-term outcome of greater saphenous vein (GSV) infrapopliteal revascularisation in a single centre over a 10 year period. Material and methods. Fourty-one variables relating ... [more ▼] Objective. To evaluate the long-term outcome of greater saphenous vein (GSV) infrapopliteal revascularisation in a single centre over a 10 year period. Material and methods. Fourty-one variables relating to a consecutive series of 90 crural artery GSV(76% in situ) bypasses in 81 patients (1990-2000) were analysed. The mean age of the 47 men and 34 women was 70 years. Limb-threatening ischaemia was present in 96% of cases, claudication in four patients. In 18 patients, surgery was 'redo'. Results. The perioperative mortality was 3% (n = 3). Patient survival was 54% at 4 years. Independent risk factors affecting survival were chronic renal insufficiency (p = 0.04), hypertension (p = 0.02), and ischaemic heart disease (p = 0.01). Four bypasses thrombosed within 30 days. Three of them could be successfully reopened. Mean follow-up was 39 months. The primary patency rate at 4 years was 80%. Chronic renal insufficiency revealed to be the single independent risk factor for graft thrombosis (p = 0.03, RR = 12.4). The 4-year limb salvage rate was 88%. No independent risk factor affecting the limb salvage could be identified. Conclusion. Crural artery revascularisation is a valuable option for the management of limb threatening infrapopliteal arterial occlusive disease. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 15 (1 ULg)Does sustained ERP activity in posterior lexico-semantic processing areas during short-term memory tasks only reflect activated long-term memory?Majerus, Steve ; Van der Linden, Martial ; Collette, Fabienne et alin Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003), 26(6), 746-747 We challenge Ruchkin et al.'s claim in reducing short-term memory (STM) to the active part of long-term memory (LTM), by showing that their data cannot rule out the possibility that activation of ... [more ▼] We challenge Ruchkin et al.'s claim in reducing short-term memory (STM) to the active part of long-term memory (LTM), by showing that their data cannot rule out the possibility that activation of posterior brain regions could also reflect the contribution of a verbal STM buffer. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 16 (3 ULg)Effects of increased afterload on left ventricular performance and mechanical efficiency are not baroreflex-mediatedKolh, Philippe ; Ghuysen, Alexandre ; Tchana-Sato, Vincent et alin European Journal of Cardio - Thoracic Surgery (2003), 24(6), 912-919 Objective: To assess baroreflex intervention during increase in left ventricular afterload, we compared the effects of aortic banding on the intact cardiovascular system and under hexamethonium infusion ... [more ▼] Objective: To assess baroreflex intervention during increase in left ventricular afterload, we compared the effects of aortic banding on the intact cardiovascular system and under hexamethonium infusion. Methods: Six open-chest pigs, instrumented for measurement of aortic pressure and flow, left ventricular pressure and volume, were studied under pentobarbital-sufentanil anesthesia. Vascular arterial properties were estimated with a four-element windkessel model. Left ventricular contractility was assessed by the slope of end-systolic pressure-volume relationship. Results: The effects of aortic banding on mechanical aortic properties were unaffected by autonomic nervous system inhibition. However, increase in peripheral arterial vascular resistance and in heart rate were prevented by hexamethonium. Aortic banding increased left ventricular contractility and stroke work. Left ventricular-arterial coupling remained unchanged, but mechanical efficiency was impaired. These ventricular changes were independent of baroreflex integrity. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that an augmentation in afterload has a composite effect on left ventricular function. Left ventricular performance is increased, as demonstrated by increase in contractility and stroke work, but mechanical efficiency is decreased. These changes are observed independently of baroreflex integrity. Such mechanisms of autoregulation, independent of the autonomic nervous system, are of paramount importance in heart transplant patients. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All fights reserved. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 35 (1 ULg)Enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli deliver a novel effector called Cif, which blocks cell cycle G(2)/M transition; ; et al in Molecular Microbiology (2003), 50(5), 1553-1567 Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) are closely related pathogens. Both use a type III secretion system (TTSS) encoded by the 'locus of enterocyte effacement ... [more ▼] Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) are closely related pathogens. Both use a type III secretion system (TTSS) encoded by the 'locus of enterocyte effacement' (LEE) to subvert and attach to epithelial cells through the injection of a repertoire of effector molecules. Here, we report the identification of a new TTSS translocated effector molecule called Cif, which blocks cell cycle G(2)/M transition and induces the formation of stress fibres through the recruitment of focal adhesions. Cif is not encoded by the LEE but by a lambdoid prophage present in EPEC and EHEC. A cif mutant causes localized effacement of microvilli and intimately attaches to the host cell surface, but is defective in the ability to block mitosis. When expressed in TTSS competent LEE-positive pathogens, Cif is injected into the infected epithelial cells. These cells arrested at the G(2)/M phase displayed accumulation of inactive phosphorylated Cdk1. In conclusion, Cif is a new member of a growing family of bacterial cyclomodulins that subvert the host eukaryotic cell cycle. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 9 (0 ULg) Trajectoires professionnelles féminines : flexibilités et enjeux de genreGavray, Claire Doctoral thesis (2003) Professional positions and transitions, and the capacities of autonomy which result from it, vary very significantly according to three articulated variables: the gender group, the level of certification ... [more ▼] Professional positions and transitions, and the capacities of autonomy which result from it, vary very significantly according to three articulated variables: the gender group, the level of certification and the life course development. The gendered social hierarchisation present in every field of social insertion -although different according to generation- occupies a significant position in the construction of this course. It's important to understand objective and subjective factors (through values, choices, rôles, plans, opportunities and constraints) influencing professional paths within each gender group . These comparisons are essential. Neglecting the gender perspective and theory forbids the comprehension of the work and labor offer but also of the distribution of places on labour market. Decompartmentalization of `employment, formation, family, social capital' is also more than ever necessary to analyse individual trajectories and to imagine fieldeffective and nondiscriminating policies. For exemple, time -and its value- seems a crucial issue for the families, the citizens, the democratic society in change. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 140 (18 ULg)In vivo dynamic ME-MRI reveals differential functional responses of RA- and area X-projecting neurons in the HVC of canaries exposed to conspecific song; ; Balthazart, Jacques et alin European Journal of Neuroscience (2003), 18(12), 3352-3360 HVC (nidopallial area, formerly known as hyperstriatum ventrale pars caudalis), a key centre for song control in oscines, responds in a selective manner to conspecific songs as indicated by ... [more ▼] HVC (nidopallial area, formerly known as hyperstriatum ventrale pars caudalis), a key centre for song control in oscines, responds in a selective manner to conspecific songs as indicated by electrophysiology. However, immediate-early gene induction cannot be detected in this nucleus following song stimulation. HVC contains neurons projecting either towards the nucleus robustus archistriatalis (RA; motor pathway) or area X (anterior forebrain pathway). Both RA- and area X-projecting cells show auditory responses. The present study analysed these responses separately in the two types of HVC projection neurons of canaries by a new in vivo approach using manganese as a calcium analogue which can be transported anterogradely and used as a paramagnetic contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Manganese was stereotaxically injected into HVC and taken up by HVC neurons. The anterograde axonal transport of manganese from HVC to RA and area X was then followed by MRI during approximate to 8 h and changes in signal intensity in these targets were fitted to sigmoid functions. Data comparing birds exposed or not to conspecific songs revealed that song stimulation specifically affected the activity of the two types of HVC projection neurons (increase in the sigmoid slope in RA and in its maximum signal intensity in area X). Dynamic manganese-enhanced MRI thus allows assessment of the functional state of specific neuronal populations in the song system of living canaries in a manner reminiscent of functional MRI (but with higher resolution) or of 2-deoxyglucose autoradiography (but in living subjects). [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 13 (0 ULg)La médecine dans l'Empire romain au premier siècle de notre èreMarganne, Marie-Hélène in Biblia (2003), 24 Detailed reference viewed: 22 (2 ULg)Humoral and cellular immune response to a Microsporum canis recombinant keratinolytic metalloprotease (r-MEP3) in experimentally infected guinea pigs; ; et al in Medical Mycology (2003), 41(6), 495-501 In order to better understand the host-fungus relationship in Microsporum canis dermatophytosis and to identify major fungal antigens, the immune response to a crude exoantigen preparation and to a ... [more ▼] In order to better understand the host-fungus relationship in Microsporum canis dermatophytosis and to identify major fungal antigens, the immune response to a crude exoantigen preparation and to a purified recombinant keratinolytic metalloprotease (r-MEP3) was evaluated in guinea pigs experimentally infected with M. canis. Humoral and cellular immune responses were assessed from day 0 to day 57 post-infection (PI), the former by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the latter via a lymphocyte proliferation assay. Infected guinea pigs developed humoral and cellular responses to both M. canis exoantigen and r-MEP3, while no specific immune response to these antigens was observed in control animals. This is the first report on the development of both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to a purified keratinase in M. canis dermatophytosis. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 38 (3 ULg)Inverse Estimates of Anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide From Ocean Interior Carbon Measurements and Ocean General Circulation Models; ; et al Conference (2003, December) The ocean is an important sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide, and the exchange of carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and ocean plays a critical role in determining the spatial distribution of ... [more ▼] The ocean is an important sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide, and the exchange of carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and ocean plays a critical role in determining the spatial distribution of atmospheric carbon dioxide. However, there is still a great deal of uncertainty in both magnitude and regional patterns of anthropogenic uptake associated with estimates of oceanic carbon fluxes. Using a recently developed technique, exchange of anthropogenic carbon dioxide across the air-sea interface have been estimated from observations of dissolved inorganic carbon and nutrient concentrations and an Ocean General Circulation Model (OGCM) using a Green's function inverse modeling technique. Previous sensitivity studies have shown that model circulation error is an important source of error in the ocean inversion. In order to address the role of ocean circulation biases, inverse estimates of anthropogenic carbon air-sea gas exchange are presented using basis functions from a suite of seven different OGCM's. The robustness of the ocean inversion will be quantified and the effects of differences between approaches to modeling ocean circulation on the ocean carbon cycle will be explored. These results will be discussed in the context of recent atmospheric inverse estimates. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 7 (0 ULg)Maqriziana IV. Le Carnet de notes d'al-Maqrīzī : l'apport de la codicologie à une meilleure compréhension de sa constitutionBauden, Frédéric in Manuscripta Orientalia (2003, December), 9(4), Detailed reference viewed: 44 (3 ULg)High intraepithelial expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors in the transformation zone of the uterine cervix; Jacobs, Nathalie ; et alin American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (2003), 189(6), 1660-1665 OBJECTIVE: Because sex hormones may be involved in tumor initiation and progression, we analyzed the presence of hormone receptors in the transformation zone of the uterine cervix where the majority of ... [more ▼] OBJECTIVE: Because sex hormones may be involved in tumor initiation and progression, we analyzed the presence of hormone receptors in the transformation zone of the uterine cervix where the majority of human papillomavirus infections and associated (pre)neoplastic lesions develop. STUDY DESIGN: By using 23 total hysterectomy samples from young women who underwent surgery for noncervical benign uterine disease, we analyzed, by immunohistologic techniques, the in situ expression of estrogen (E-2-R) and progesterone (P-4-R) receptors in the transformation zone and ectocervix of the same women. RESULTS: The expression of estrogen receptors and progesterone receptors is significantly higher in the transformation zone compared with the ectocervix. Immunohistochemical localization indicated that hormone receptor-positive cells are mainly observed in (para)basal and intermediate cell layers in both the transformation zone and ectocervical epithelium. When transformation zone samples were segregated into epithelial tissues with a predominantly mature (7/23 samples) or immature (16/23 samples) squamous metaplasia, only biopsy specimens with immature squamous metaplasia showed a significantly higher density of hormone receptor-positive cells compared with ectocervical epithelium (P < .01). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the cervical transformation zone may be at increased risk of the development of cancer because of a high sensitivity to sex hormone regulation. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 2003; 189:1660-5.) [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 33 (5 ULg)New disruption cassettes for rapid gene disruption and marker rescue in the yeast Yarrowia lipolyticaFickers, Patrick ; ; et alin Journal of Microbiological Methods (2003), 55(3), 727-737 Yarrowia lipolytica is one of the most extensively studied nonconventional yeasts. Unfortunately, few methods for gene disruption have been reported for this yeast, and all of them are time-consuming and ... [more ▼] Yarrowia lipolytica is one of the most extensively studied nonconventional yeasts. Unfortunately, few methods for gene disruption have been reported for this yeast, and all of them are time-consuming and laborious. The functional analysis of unknown genes requires powerful disruption methods. Here, we describe such a new method for rapid gene disruption in Y lipolytica. This knockout system combines SEP method and the Cre-lox recombination system, facilitating efficient marker rescue. Versatility was increased by using both auxotrophic markers like ylURA3 and ylLEU2, as well as the antibiotic resistance marker hph. The hph marker, which confers resistance to hygromycin-B, allows gene disruption in a strain lacking any conventional auxothrophic marker. The disruption cassette was shown to integrate at the correct locus at an average frequency of 45%. Upon expression of Cre recombinase, the marker was excised at a frequency of 98%, by recombination between the two lox sites. This new method for gene disruption is an ideal tool for the functional analysis of gene families, or for creating large-scale mutant collections in general. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 18 (1 ULg)Clinique phoniatriqueFINCK, Camille Scientific conference (2003, December) Detailed reference viewed: 9 (0 ULg)Overproduction of lipase by Yarrowia lipolytica mutantsFickers, Patrick ; ; Destain, Jacqueline et alin Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology (2003), 63(2), 136-142 Non-genetically modified mutants with increased capacities of extracellular lipase production were obtained from Yarrowia lipolytica strain CBS6303 by chemical mutagenesis. Of the 400 mutants isolated ... [more ▼] Non-genetically modified mutants with increased capacities of extracellular lipase production were obtained from Yarrowia lipolytica strain CBS6303 by chemical mutagenesis. Of the 400 mutants isolated, LgX64.81 had the highest potential for the development of an industrial lipase production process. This mutant exhibits lipase production uncoupled from catabolite repression by glucose, and a 10-fold increased productivity upon addition of oleic acid. Using a LIP2-LacZ reporter gene, we demonstrate that the mutant phenotype originates from a trans-acting mutation. The glucose uptake capacity of LgX64.81 is reduced 2.5-fold compared to the wild-type-strain, and it exhibits high lipase production on glucose medium. A trans-acting mutation in a gene involved in glucose transport could thus explain this mutant phenotype. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 43 (1 ULg)Stabilization of periodic orbits in a wedge billiardSepulchre, Rodolphe ; in Proceedings of the 42nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (2003, December) This paper introduces a stabilization problem for an elementary impact control system in the plane. The rich dynamical properties of the wedge billiard, combined to the relevance of the associated ... [more ▼] This paper introduces a stabilization problem for an elementary impact control system in the plane. The rich dynamical properties of the wedge billiard, combined to the relevance of the associated stabilization problem for feedback control issues in legged robotics make it a valuable benchmark for energy-based stabilization of impact control systems. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 3 (0 ULg)Psychrophilic enzymes: Hot topics in cold adaptationFeller, Georges ; Gerday, Charles in Nature Reviews Microbiology (2003), 1(3), 200-208 More than three-quarters of the Earth's surface is occupied by cold ecosystems, including the ocean depths, and polar and alpine regions. These permanently cold environments have been successfully ... [more ▼] More than three-quarters of the Earth's surface is occupied by cold ecosystems, including the ocean depths, and polar and alpine regions. These permanently cold environments have been successfully colonized by a class of extremophilic microorganisms that are known as psychrophiles (which literally means cold-loving). The ability to thrive at temperatures that are close to, or below, the freezing point of water requires a vast array of adaptations to maintain the metabolic rates and sustained growth compatible with life in these severe environmental conditions. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 21 (2 ULg)Right lobe living-related liver transplantation in a Jehovah's WitnessDetry, Olivier ; De Roover, Arnaud ; Kaba, Abdourahmane et alin Transplant International (2003), 16(12), 895-896 Detailed reference viewed: 20 (13 ULg) |
||
