Utiliser l'esquisse numérique comme outil d'apprentissage de la conception - l'expérience du LUCID-ULg

Scientific conference (2013, March 21)

Les représentations externes en collaboration créative.Etude d’un cas de réunions de conception architecturale

in Guéna, François; Lecourtois, Caroline (Eds.) Complexité(s) des modèles de l'architecture numérique (2012, June)

Le développement d’un projet architectural est accompagné de formes diverses de représentations externes telles que le croquis, les gestes, la maquette tridimensionnelle ou la photographie. La génération ... [more ▼]

Le développement d’un projet architectural est accompagné de formes diverses de représentations externes telles que le croquis, les gestes, la maquette tridimensionnelle ou la photographie. La génération et la manipulation de ces représentations permettent à la fois de résoudre des problèmes de conception architecturale et de soutenir l'exploration de solutions créatives. Cet article a pour objectif, via une exploration théorique et une approche exploratoire du terrain professionnel, de décrire différents enjeux de l’utilisation conjointe de formes différentiées de représentations externes dans les premières phases du processus de projet et particulièrement en réunions de conception. [less ▲]

Sharing representations in distant synchronous collaborative design : framework, technological proposal and scientific issues.

Conference (2012, May)

This chapter addresses the issue of sharing in collaborative design by the use of an original system developed in the LUCID-ULg Lab. The Distributed Collaborative Design Studio (DCDS) is a remote ... [more ▼]

This chapter addresses the issue of sharing in collaborative design by the use of an original system developed in the LUCID-ULg Lab. The Distributed Collaborative Design Studio (DCDS) is a remote workspace environment aiming to emulate, at a distance, the conditions of face-to-face meetings. It is designed to allow designers to interact collaboratively at distance on a shared workspace, thanks to «natural» pen-based interaction. This documents sharing and real-time collaborative annotations are supposed to enhance awareness and grounding dur- ing collaboration in design domains. In this chapter, we explicit the theoretical rationale for sharing in collaborative design, briefly describe the DCDS, summarize the observations we made relative to resources sharing (plans, pictures, documents and so on), and conclude on the theoretical and methodological issues to be addressed to deepen our knowledge about sharing external representations in design, to enhance the system and to adapt it to other contexts. [less ▲]

Use of graphical modality in a collaborative design distant setting

in Work: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment and Rehabilitation (2012), Supplement 1

In this paper, we present an original environment, the Distributed Collaborative Design Studio (DCDS) which allows multimodal real-time remote exchanges, and which aims at re-creating remotely the ... [more ▼]

In this paper, we present an original environment, the Distributed Collaborative Design Studio (DCDS) which allows multimodal real-time remote exchanges, and which aims at re-creating remotely the conditions of co-present meetings. This environment associates a videoconference tool (supporting verbal and non-verbal communication) and an original real-time shared digital hand-drawn sketches system (supporting graphical communication). The users can import documents and annotate them in real-time at distance. In this paper, we are interested in studying the use of the graphical modality (digital sketch and document annotations) as a tool for collective design and remote communication. This study takes place in the framework of a collaborative architectural design studio, which has taken place during 3 month, and gathering students from Belgium and France to work together in 3 small groups mainly at distance. The study focuses on the role of graphical modality in the synchronous remote meetings supported by the DCDS. We identify the types of digital annotations made on the imported document, thanks to the electronic pen, and their role in the cognitive processes of designing and in the collaboration and communication processes. We also identify the different practices of digital sketching, according to the group and its collaborative strategies. We discuss the utility of the graphical modality as an efficient support for collaborative synchronous activities and show that the DCDS environment supports different strategies of collaborative design (co-design and distributed design). We conclude on recommendations for improving the system and for designing sketch-based collaborative environments. [less ▲]

Processus d'externalisation graphique dans les activités cognitives complexes : le cas de l’esquisse numérique en conception architecturale individuelle et collective

Doctoral thesis (2011)

This thesis investigates the modalities of creating external representations in complex cognitive activities, especially graphical representations: the explanatory diagrams, annotations of documents or ... [more ▼]

This thesis investigates the modalities of creating external representations in complex cognitive activities, especially graphical representations: the explanatory diagrams, annotations of documents or drawings make it possible to formulate ideas, to synthesize information, to communicate and to reason. This work seeks to understand in depth the processes involved in graphic expression, and the impact of representation supports on this activity. For this purpose, it addresses the original concept of digital sketch in the field of architectural design. This concept aims to allow the architect to draw freehand sketches, in an entirely digital environment, but in a «natural» way, as with its traditional tools. The idea is to take advantage of the ease of use of the pen, while exploiting the capabilities of simulation or representation of the digital medium. The freehand sketch is indeed known as an essential tool for the design: thanks to its fluidity, its immediacy and the freedom it allows, it supports efficiently the creative phases of ideation. It is also a powerful tool for document annotation in collaborative design and project review. This work analyzes the interest and the contribution of digital sketching in architectural design, but also stresses the constraints it vehicles as an instrument of individual and collective thought. It also seeks to identify the impact of electronic pen as a mode of interaction on the cognitive and graphical activities in design tasks. This thesis is based on three original empirical studies on the use of digital sketching environments. It describes the logic of graphical externalization, compares the characteristics of digital and traditional sketches, identifies the cognitive functions of representations transformations and makes explicit the role of the graphical modality in collaborative remote design. [less ▲]

Digital Collaborative Studio : 4 years of practice

Poster (2011, July)

Rôles, opportunités et contraintes de l’esquisse numérique en conception architecturale

Scientific conference (2011, February 22)

Du crayon au stylo numérique : influences des IHM à stylo et des interprétations numériques sur l'activité graphique en tâches de conception.

in Journal d’Interaction Personne-Système (2011), 2(1),

Our research is embedded in the framework of the development of free-hand drawing-based computer assisted architectural design environment. In this paper, we study the activity of drawings duplication ... [more ▼]

Our research is embedded in the framework of the development of free-hand drawing-based computer assisted architectural design environment. In this paper, we study the activity of drawings duplication, observed during the paper changes in the phase of preliminary sketching. We aim at identifying the impacts of two digital sketches environments, with or without drawings interpretation, on this activity and on the graphical productions. We observe six activities, two with paper-pencil and four distributed on our two prototypes, and draw some operational conclusions for the development of software designed to support the architectural sketches in the preliminary design stage. [less ▲]

Le Studio Digital Collaboratif : un environnement multimodal de réunions visant à recréer, à distance, les conditions de la coprésence

Conference (2010, November 11)

Effet de la modalité visuelle sur le jugement de la réverbération d’une salle

Conference (2010, April)

Le projet Auralias vise à développer un environnement immersif permettant le travail coopératif entre architectes et acousticiens. Le système développé associe donc un rendu sonore 3D (au moyen d’un ... [more ▼]

Le projet Auralias vise à développer un environnement immersif permettant le travail coopératif entre architectes et acousticiens. Le système développé associe donc un rendu sonore 3D (au moyen d’un dispositif VBAP) et une vue du modèle 3D de la salle considérée. Dans ce cadre, nous nous intéressons à l’impact de l’image projetée sur le jugement subjectif de l’acoustique de la salle. Ici, le critère objectif étudié est le temps de réverbération. Pour cela, des réponses impulsionnelles synthétiques possédant la même partie précoce (jusqu’à 80 ms) et différentes parties tardives ont été obtenues puis convoluées avec des rythmes de percussions pour obtenir différents échantillons sonores. Après un prétest permettant de définir une série d’images de salles évoquant des réverbérations différentes, un test subjectif en deux parties a été mené sur deux populations différentes. La tâche demandée est à chaque fois un classement des échantillons sonores dans l’ordre de réverbération croissante. Après une situation de contrôle (test réalisé sans l’appui des images), le sujet est soumis à un des trois scénarios suivants : images incitatrices (l’échantillon possédant le plus de réverbération est associé à l’image évoquant le plus long temps de réverbération), images distractrices (l’image soutenant l’échantillon sonore est tirée aléatoirement) et de sans image (testant ainsi l’effet d’apprentissage). Les résultats de cette expérience sont détaillés et permettent des premières prescriptions quant aux images à afficher dans l'environnement immersif pour soutenir la tâche de jugement acoustique. [less ▲]