  Concentrations of pepsinogens A and C in peripheral blood of cattle at different developmental stages.Melo de Sousa, Noelita  ; Michiels, Jean-Albert ; et alin Proceedings of the 6th European Congress of Bovine Health and Management (ECBHM) (2011, September 07) Measurements of global proteolytic activity of pepsinogens are successfully used for diagnosis of gastric nematode parasitism in cattle. Higher pepsinogen concentrations detected in peripheral circulation ... [more ▼] Measurements of global proteolytic activity of pepsinogens are successfully used for diagnosis of gastric nematode parasitism in cattle. Higher pepsinogen concentrations detected in peripheral circulation were found to be associated with damage in gastric mucosa The aim of the present study was to investigate the ontogenesis of PgnA and PgnC in cattle. Bovine PgnA and PgnC were isolated in our laboratory. Both antigens were labeled to 125I by using chloramine T method. Standard curves ranged from 125 to 1.0 ng/mL. Antisera were raised in rabbits: AS866 (anti-PgnA) and AS869 (anti-PgnC). The optimal dilutions for primary antisera were 1:15,000 and 1:20,000 for AS866 and AS869, respectively. In order to establish the ontogenesis of both PgnA and PgnC, samples were collected from 50 bovine fetuses (3rd to the 9th month), 18 calves and 57 adult cattle. Mean(±SEM) concentrations of PgnA were 4.6±0.7 ng/mL, 78.9±6.7 ng/mL and 133.2±17.6 ng/mL in fetuses, calves and mature cows, respectively. Concentrations of PgnC were <0.9 ng/mL, 13.5±1.1 ng/ml and 201.5±26.5 ng/ml in fetuses, calves and mature cows, respectively. The ratio PgnA/PgnC concentrations decrease from fetal age (maximal ratio due to undetectable PgnC concentrations), being 5.8 in young calves and lowest (0.7) in mature cows. In conclusion, PgnA and PgnC concentrations can be distinctly measured by specific RIA systems. Ratio PgnA/PgnC concentrations can be useful to better understand the ontogenesis of gastric aspartic proteinases in cattle. It is expected that clinical application of these assays will help vet practitioners to establish diagnosis of gastric nematode parasitism in dairy and beef herds taking into account the age of the animal. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 39 (6 ULg) Extraction conditions can greatly influence antioxidant capacity assays in plant food matricesMichiels, Jean-Albert ; Kevers, Claire ; Pincemail, Joël et alin Food Chemistry (2011) The estimated antioxidant capacity of different matrices can vary considerably between research reports. Besides intrinsic factors (not studied here), our work showed that may have various causes. Firstly ... [more ▼] The estimated antioxidant capacity of different matrices can vary considerably between research reports. Besides intrinsic factors (not studied here), our work showed that may have various causes. Firstly, different methods are used to measure antioxidant capacity. Secondly, the results obtained for a single matrix by one method (such as ORAC) can vary with the extraction conditions. Parameters having a great impact on the amount and composition of antioxidants in extracts, and thus on the measured antioxidant capacity, notably include the extraction solvent composition, temperature, extraction time (duration), solvent-to-solid ratio, and storage conditions. Standardization of the extraction procedure is thus necessary for accurate and reproducible determination of the antioxidant capacity and phenolics in different food matrices by different laboratories. In this study we optimised such a procedure for four fresh plant matrices (orange, apple, leek, and broccoli). The optimised procedure requires extraction in a mixture of acetone/water/acetic acid (70/28/2, v/v/v) for 1 h at 4°C, with a solvent-to-solid ratio of 20 mL per 1 g. Fresh material should be used, but if this is not possible, one may lyophilise the plant matrices or store the extracts for a few days at -20°C before analysis. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 100 (14 ULg) |
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