Gestion durable de l'azote au-delà de la seule problématique "nitrate"

in Vandenberghe, Christophe; Colinet, Gilles; Destain, Jean-Pierre (Eds.) et al 2ème Atelier Nitrate - Eau. Evaluation du Programme de Gestion Durable de l'Azote (2013)

The aim of the sustainable management of nitrogen is to reduce dramatically the risk of nitrogen leaching into groundwater. Regulations and recommendations have resulted in a more judicious use of manure ... [more ▼]

The aim of the sustainable management of nitrogen is to reduce dramatically the risk of nitrogen leaching into groundwater. Regulations and recommendations have resulted in a more judicious use of manure as a mineral fertilizer to benefit both the environment and farmers. Rehabilitating leguminous plants into our rotations and our forage areas needs to become a priority. These plants can partially substitute for imported soya and, at the same time, synthesize the free nitrogen available to plants. Management of intercropping and in particular of catch crops can no longer be limited to the single issue of nitrate in water. Integrated crop protection and risk reduction of greenhouse gas emissions also need to be taken into account and flexibility needs to be incorporated into the implementation of these intercropping rules. [less ▲]

Suivi de la lixiviation du nitrate en plein champ par la technique lysimétrique : retour de huit années d'expérience

in Vandenberghe, Christophe; Colinet, Gilles; Destain, Jean-Pierre (Eds.) et al 2ème Atelier Nitrate - Eau. Evaluation du Programme de Gestion Durable de l'Azote (2013)

Since 2003, nitrate leaching has been monitored in six plots located in a loamy area (Hesbaye, Belgium), mainly dedicated to wheat, sugarbeet and vegetable crops. Open-field lysimeters have been used in ... [more ▼]

Since 2003, nitrate leaching has been monitored in six plots located in a loamy area (Hesbaye, Belgium), mainly dedicated to wheat, sugarbeet and vegetable crops. Open-field lysimeters have been used in order not to impede agricultural operations. Lysimeters are used as follow-up tools to quantify the amounts of nitrate leaching below the root zone. This study aims to evaluate the suitability of PLN (Potentially Leachable Nitrogen – APL in French) defined in the Sustainable Nitrogen Management Program (PGDA in French) as an environmental indicator by relating nitrogen management practices (including fertilization recommendations) to PLN values and groundwater quality. This study demonstrates that lysimeters are efficient in collecting representative amounts of leaching water. Lysimeters show that PLN is identified as being related to the nitrate content in leaching water, which will not be taken up by the next crop. The amount of nitrate leaching below the root zone demonstrates the necessity and the relevance of the organic nitrogen spreading limits defined in the Sustainable Nitrogen Management Program. The lysimeter tool also shows that respect for leaching water quality standards under agricultural plots needs to be considered from an integrated and generalized approach, taking into account complete crop sequences and rotations, including rational fertilization rates and the introduction of catch crops in rotation. Some suitable or unsuitable crop sequences with regard to good groundwater quality are listed. [less ▲]

Mise en oeuvre de la révision du Programme d'action lié à la Directive Nitrates

in Vandenberghe, Christophe; Colinet, Gilles; Destain, Jean-Pierre (Eds.) et al 2ème Atelier Nitrate - Eau Evaluation du Programme de Gestion Durable de l'Azote (2013)

Couplage des modèles numériques SWAT et FeFlow pour l'étude des flux de nitrate à l'échelle d'un bassin versant agricole posé sur un aquifère sableux. Calibrage, validation et test de scénarios pour l'évaluation de pratiques agricoles plus durables en terme de gestion de l'azote

in Bulletin du groupe francophone Humidimétrie et Transferts en milieux poreux (2012, November), 58

Quatre prises d’eau exploitées à Arquennes (Belgique) sont contaminées par le nitrate. Leurs bassins d’alimentation sont situés en zone agricole caractérisée par un sol limoneux sur un aquifère sableux ... [more ▼]

Quatre prises d’eau exploitées à Arquennes (Belgique) sont contaminées par le nitrate. Leurs bassins d’alimentation sont situés en zone agricole caractérisée par un sol limoneux sur un aquifère sableux. Depuis 2004, ces bassins servent de site pilote dans le cadre de l’évaluation du Programme de Gestion Durable de l’Azote (PGDA), transposition de la Directive « Nitrates » en droit wallon. Les modèles numériques SWAT et FEFLOW ont permis de simuler les flux d’eau et de nitrate depuis la surface jusqu’aux galeries. Après calibrage et validation des modèles (sur la base d’une caractérisation du sol et du sous-sol et de traçages en milieux saturé et non saturé), plusieurs scénarios de pratiques agricoles ont été simulés afin de prédire l’évolution qualitative des eaux. L’expérience d’Arquennes a démontré que le recours au couplage SWAT / FEFLOW permet de proposer des solutions environnementales réalistes pour atteindre les objectifs fixés par la DCE. [less ▲]

4. La fumure azotée

in Livre Blanc - Céréales - Gembloux (2012, February 29)

Monitoring networks and modelling systems for assessing effectiveness of the EU Nitrates Directive Action Programmes: Approach by the Walloon Region (Belgium)

in Fraters, Dico; Kovar, Karel (Eds.) Developments in monitoring the effectiveness of the EU Nitrates Directive Action Programmes. Results of th second International Workshop, 10-11 june 2009 (2011, June)

Wallonia (Southern Region of Belgium) has implemented the Nitrates Directive by designating four vulnerable zones (now 42% of the territory) and introducing a first Action programme at the start of ... [more ▼]

Wallonia (Southern Region of Belgium) has implemented the Nitrates Directive by designating four vulnerable zones (now 42% of the territory) and introducing a first Action programme at the start of November 2002 and a second one in 2007. The Action programmes entail various means of reducing the risks of the pollution of water by nitrate: (a) struggle against nitrate losses in fields using a range of good agricultural practices, including certain restrictions on the use of fertilisers (quantities, spreading periods, soil conditions, etc.), (b) keeping a balance on each farm between the organic nitrogen produced and spreading capacities on agricultural land, (c) adapting storehouses for livestock effluent to a capacity of 6 months and (d) promoting transfers of livestock effluent between farms in excess balance and farms which still have a way of using it on their land. The paper presents the principle of “soil nitrate residue” measurements (APL in French) that permits a yearly monitoring of the farming practices and constitutes a self-evaluation tool for the farmers. The paper also introduces the reference model EPICgrid dedicated to nitrogen transfer modelling in the context of the Walloon region. Following the first comparison exercise, these tools are consistent and complementary approaches to help farmers and authorities in nitrogen management. In the context of the Walloon region, dealing with deep groundwater bodies, fast indicators of potentially leachable nitrogen and nutrient fate modelling are the most practical way of assessing effectiveness of the EU nitrate directive action programmes. [less ▲]

Study of the relevance of phosphorus saturation in Walloon Region (Southern Belgium)

in Gilkes, R. J.; Prakongkep, N. (Eds.) Proceedings of the 19th World Congress of Soil Science; Soil Solutions for a changing World (2010, August 03)

Adaptation des pratiques agricoles en fonction des exigences de la Directive Nitrates et validation des résultats via le suivi lysimétrique de la lixiviation de l'azote nitrique

in Vandenberghe, Christophe; Marcoen, Jean Marie (Eds.) Actes de l'Atelier "Nitrate - Eau" 2 au 5 juin 2009. Peyresq, France (2010)

Mise en oeuvre du Programme de Gestion Durable de l'Azote et évaluation d'impact à l'échelle d'un bassin versant agricole (Arquennes, Belgique)

in Marcoen, Jean Marie; Vandenberghe, Christophe (Eds.) Actes de l'Atelier "Nitrate - Eau" 2 au 5 juin 2009. Peyresq, France (2010)

Evaluation de l'efficacité des cultures intermédiaires pièges à nitrate (CIPAN) en novembre

in Vandenberghe, Christophe; Marcoen, Jean Marie (Eds.) Actes de l'Atelier "Nitrate - Eau" 2 au 5 juin 2009. Peyresq, France (2010)