Utilisation répétée des gonadotropines exogènes dans le contrôle de la reproduction: justifications et effets secondaires potentiels

in Annales de Médecine Vétérinaire (1998), 142(2), 373-396

Gonadotropins of pituitary origin (follitropin -FSH-, lutropin -LH-, human menopausal gonadotropin -hMG) or trophoblastic origin (human chorionic gonadotropin - hCG- also called pregnant urine ... [more ▼]

Gonadotropins of pituitary origin (follitropin -FSH-, lutropin -LH-, human menopausal gonadotropin -hMG) or trophoblastic origin (human chorionic gonadotropin - hCG- also called pregnant urine gonadotropin -pU-, equine chorionic gonadotropin -eCG- also called pregnant mare serum gonadotropin -PMSG-) are largely used to treat infertility or to better control sexuality in various species of mammals: bovine, canine, caprine, equine, feline, human,ovine, porcine, rabbit, ... This manuscript reports the discovery of these molecules, describes their biochemical characteristics and gives the main indications (e.g. oestrus induction and synchronization, ovulation, superovulation, fertility improvement, anoestrus treatment, receptivity induction) in animals and human. Litterature data reporting on effects and possible side effects of their repeated use are presented. Due to slight differences in amino acids sequences, carbohydrates contents and tridimentionnal structures, repeated use of exogeneous gonadotropins may induce immunological reactions leading to non specific reactions and lower biological response. A reflection concludes this revue, pointing out the positive influence of the philogenetic distance existing between the species origin of the gonadotropin (human or equine) and the treated one, on the intensity of the immune reaction. [less ▲]