References of "Salmon, Thierry"
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See detailDetermination of Moisture Diffusivity During Drying of Mortar Cement: Experimental and Modeling Study
Bennamoun, Lyes ULg; Kahlerras, Loubna ULg; Michel, Frédéric ULg et al

in International Journal of Energy Engineering (2013), 3(1), 1-6

The aim of this study is the experimental characterization of the behaviour of a mortar during convective drying. We focalise on mortar that has a rate water-cement of 0.5. The drying tests are developed ... [more ▼]

The aim of this study is the experimental characterization of the behaviour of a mortar during convective drying. We focalise on mortar that has a rate water-cement of 0.5. The drying tests are developed in a micro-convective dryer that can use samples weighing from 0 to 8g. The advantage of these experiments is to reproduce the natural conditions that can be found during the treatment of the mortar-atmosphere problems. The response of the drying curve or the drying kinetic depends on the applied drying conditions. So, the temperature of the air varies from 60°C to 130°C, the velocity of the air is changed from 2 m.s-1 to 5 m. s-1and the relative humidity is kept less than 1.7%. The comparison between the experimental results and the proposed analytical solutions of the equation of diffusion represented by Fick’s law, applied for a finite shape, allows determination of the values of the diffusion coefficient. It has a value of 1.71×10-10 m2.s-1 at 60°C, 13.69×10-10 m2.s-1 at 90°C and 16.27×10-10 m2.s-1 at 130°C. Calculation of the activation energy and the D0 constant are also possible. [less ▲]

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See detailMODELING WASTEWATER SLUDGE DRYING WITH DETERMINATION OF DIFFUSIVITY MOISTURE
Bennamoun, Lyes ULg; Fraikin, Laurent ULg; Salmon, Thierry ULg et al

Scientific conference (2012, September 06)

Convective drying of two different types of wastewater sludges is investigated. Experiments are realised in a micro-dryer, for air temperatures of 80 °C, 140 °C and 200 °C, the velocity and humidity ... [more ▼]

Convective drying of two different types of wastewater sludges is investigated. Experiments are realised in a micro-dryer, for air temperatures of 80 °C, 140 °C and 200 °C, the velocity and humidity remaining the same. The product drying kinetics presents, for all studied cases, three main phases, which are: adaptation phase, constant drying rate phase and falling drying rate. A comparison between two mathematical approaches allows determination of the diffusion coefficient. The value of this coefficient depends on the origin of the wastewater sludge and the operating temperatures. Physical changes such as shrinkage are introduced into the mathematical model. [less ▲]

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See detailInfluence du stockage des boues de STEP sur les émissions de NH3 et de COV durant leur séchage
Fraikin, Laurent ULg; Salmon, Thierry ULg; Herbreteau, Benjamin et al

Poster (2011, November 29)

Le séchage constitue une étape importante en aval de la déshydratation mécanique en vue de la valorisation agricole ou énergétique des boues de station d’épuration. La teneur en eau peut être réduite à ... [more ▼]

Le séchage constitue une étape importante en aval de la déshydratation mécanique en vue de la valorisation agricole ou énergétique des boues de station d’épuration. La teneur en eau peut être réduite à moins de 5%, diminuant ainsi la masse et le volume des boues et, par conséquent, le coût pour le stockage, la manutention et le transport. L'élimination de l'eau augmente considérablement le pouvoir calorifique inférieur, transformant les boues en un combustible convenable. En outre, les boues séchées peuvent être stabilisées et exemptes d'agents pathogènes en fonction de la température et de la durée de traitement. Les technologies convectives sont largement utilisées pour le séchage des boues. Le principal avantage est la simplicité de la technologie et l’inconvénient majeur résulte de la grande quantité d'air à épurer et désodoriser. Le but des travaux menés par l'Université de Liège et VEOLIA Environnement est d'effectuer une caractérisation en laboratoire des émissions gazeuses en fonction des conditions de séchage. Pour ce faire, il est primordial de garantir une qualité constante de l'échantillon initial tout au long des mesures. En effet, même si elles sont conservées à basse température, les boues peuvent être le siège de dégradations biologiques et les propriétés de séchage peuvent être modifiées. Ainsi, la première partie de ce travail est consacrée à l’étude de l'influence de la durée de stockage des boues à 4°C sur les émissions gazeuses produites au cours de leur séchage convectif. Deux types de boues, l’une ayant subi une digestion et l’autre pas, sont étudiés. L’échantillonnage est effectué après la déshydratation mécanique dans deux stations de traitement des eaux usées situées à proximité de l'Université de Liège. Les échantillons sont stockés dans le laboratoire à 4°C dans un récipient hermétique. Pour effectuer les essais, 300 g de boue sont déposés dans le sécheur sous la forme d’un lit d'extrudés de 6 mm de diamètre. La masse de boue, la concentration en ammoniac et la concentration en composés organiques volatils sont mesurées en ligne respectivement par une balance, un analyseur infrarouge et un détecteur à ionisation de flamme. Des thermocouples permettent le suivi de la température en amont, au sein et en aval du lit de boue. Des essais de séchage sont effectués au jour 0 (= jour du prélèvement), et après 1, 2, 4, 10, 17 et 20 jours sous les conditions suivantes : température de l'air = 140°C; vitesse superficielle de l'air = 1 m/s; humidité absolue = 0,005 kgeau/kgair sec. La seconde partie du travail a été réalisée sur un échantillon de boue non digérée conservé à 12°C pour simuler des conditions réelles de stockage. Les essais de séchage ont été menés le jour de prélèvement et après 4, 10 et 20 jours, avec des conditions opératoires similaires. L’étude réalisée avec un stockage à 4°C montre que les émissions gazeuses sont maximales le jour du prélèvement, diminuent fortement durant les deux premiers jours de stockage pour atteindre un niveau constant durant deux semaines avant d’augmenter. Lors du stockage à 12°C, les émissions d’ammoniac et de COV sont multipliées respectivement par un facteur 40 et 4 entre le jour 0 et le jour 20. Ces résultats mettent en évidence l’impact des conditions et de la durée de stockage sur les émissions lors du séchage des boues et montrent l’importance de sécher les boues le plus rapidement possible pour limiter les nuisances. [less ▲]

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See detailImpact of Storage Duration on the Gaseous Emissions during Convective Drying of Urban Residual Sludges
Fraikin, Laurent ULg; Salmon, Thierry ULg; Herbreteau, B. et al

in Chemical Engineering and Technology (2011), 34(7), 1172--1176

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See detailImpact of storage duration on the emissions of ammonia and VOC during the convective drying of urban residual sludges
Fraikin, Laurent ULg; Herbreteau, Benjamin; Chaucherie, Xavier et al

in Tsotsas, E.; Metzger, T.; Peglow, M. (Eds.) Proceedings of IDS 2010 - Drying 2010 (2010, October)

Detailed reference viewed: 59 (15 ULg)
See detailImpact of liming operating conditions on the convective drying kinetics of urban residual sludges
Royer, Sandrine; Blandin, Gaëtan; Salmon, Thierry ULg et al

Conference (2010, September)

Detailed reference viewed: 81 (21 ULg)
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See detailInfluence of medium composition on oxygen transfer rate in animal cell culture
Toye, Dominique ULg; Galifi, A.; Salmon, Thierry ULg et al

in Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering (2010), 88(4), 671-676

Experiments were conducted in a 0.25m diameter bubble column to investigate the effect of medium composition on oxygen transfer rate. Aqueous solutions, the composition of which mimics a mammalian cell ... [more ▼]

Experiments were conducted in a 0.25m diameter bubble column to investigate the effect of medium composition on oxygen transfer rate. Aqueous solutions, the composition of which mimics a mammalian cell culture medium, are used. The effect on oxygen transfer rate of additives used to protect cells against local hydrodynamic stresses induced by bubble coalescence and bursting is addressed, in the range of operating conditions (aeration rates) met in animal cell cultures. The mass transfer coefficient, the liquid viscosity and surface tension, and the bubble size distribution are measured as a function of liquid composition and of gas superficial velocity, allowing to decouple the effects of the different additive on kL and on a. [less ▲]

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See detailEffect of liming on the convective drying of urban residual sludges
Huron, Yoland; Salmon, Thierry ULg; Blandin, Gaëtan et al

in Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering (2010), 5

Sludge liming is largely used in the wastewater industry. This operation, at first realized to stabilize sludge, has also proved to enhance dewatering and to improve the resulting cakes texture ... [more ▼]

Sludge liming is largely used in the wastewater industry. This operation, at first realized to stabilize sludge, has also proved to enhance dewatering and to improve the resulting cakes texture. Nevertheless, almost nothing is known about the impact of lime addition on sludge drying behavior. As drying can be considered as a necessary step after mechanical dewatering, it is crucial to evaluate the influence of the sludge pre-treatments on their drying kinetics. This study shows that both pre- and post-liming exert a positive effect on sludge convective drying behavior. The negative impact of sludge destructuring by pumping is also established. [less ▲]

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See detailInfluence des propriétés physico-chimiques du milieu de culture sur le transfert de l'oxygène dans un bioréacteur
Galifi, A.; Salmon, Thierry ULg; Crine, Michel ULg et al

in Récents Progrès en Génie des procédés -N°98 - A la croisée des sciences et des cultures, pour relever les défis industriels du XXIème siècle. Actes du 12ème Congrès de la Société française de Génie des procédés, 14-16 octobre 2009, Marseille, France. (2009)

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See detailInfluence of medium composition on oxygen transfer rate in animal cell culture
Toye, Dominique ULg; Galifi, Alain; Salmon, Thierry ULg et al

in Proceedings of 8th World Congress on Chemical Engineering (2009)

Experiments were conducted in a 0.25 m diameter bubble column to investigate the effect of animal cell culture medium composition on oxygen transfer rate. Air is used as the dispersed phase. The gas ... [more ▼]

Experiments were conducted in a 0.25 m diameter bubble column to investigate the effect of animal cell culture medium composition on oxygen transfer rate. Air is used as the dispersed phase. The gas superficial velocity is varied between 0.4 and 2 cm/s (aeration rate ranging between 0.05 and 0.25 vvm) and the bubble column is thus operated in the homogenous regime. Aqueous solutions the composition (electrolyte, protein concentrations) of which mimics a mammalian cell culture medium) are used as the continuous phase. In particular, the effect on oxygen transfer rate of additive such as PVP, Pluronic F-68 which are usually used to protect cells against local hydrodynamic stresses induced by bubble coalescence and bursting is addressed. For each composition, the mass transfer coefficient is measured by the "gas in – gas out" method using a fast response dissolved oxygen probe. Its increase with gas velocity is measured. The liquid viscosity and surface tension are experimentally determined as a function of culture medium composition. Bubble size distribution is measured at different scales using three experimental techniques: gas disengagement technique, two dual optical probes and photography, which lead to results in good qualitative agreement one with each other. The integrated analysis of these data allows to decouple the effects of the different additive on coefficient kL and on the interfacial area, a. [less ▲]

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See detailEffect of liming on the convective drying of urban residual sludges
Huron, Yoland; Salmon, Thierry ULg; Crine, Michel ULg et al

Conference (2008, September)

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See detailProduction of adsorbent materials from dried residual sludges
Fostroy, Philippe; Salmon, Thierry ULg; Crine, Michel ULg et al

Poster (2008, September)

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See detailInfluence of Back Mixing on the Convective Drying of Residual Sludges in a Fixed Bed
Léonard, Angélique ULg; Meneses, Eustedio; Le Trong, Emmanuel et al

in Water Research (2008), 42(10-11), 2671-2677

The influence of a backmixing operation on the convective belt drying of two wastewater sludges was studied. The expansion of the sludge extrudates bed due to increasing additions of dry product was ... [more ▼]

The influence of a backmixing operation on the convective belt drying of two wastewater sludges was studied. The expansion of the sludge extrudates bed due to increasing additions of dry product was quantified by using X-ray tomography. This non-invasive technique was used to determine the bed porosity and the total exchange area available for heat and mass transfers, for increasing levels of backmixing. For a same drying flux, the expansion of the drying bed leads to higher drying rates, allowing a reduction of the total drying time. In this context, rheological properties of the sludges are key properties. [less ▲]

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See detailUse of X-ray tomography to study the influence of back mixing on the convective drying of sludges in a fixed bed
Léonard, Angélique ULg; Meneses, Eustedio; Le Trong, Emmanuel et al

in Farkas, Istvan (Ed.) Drying 2006, the Proceedings of the 15th International Drying Symposium, Budapest, Hungary, 20-23 August 2006, Vol B. (2006, August)

Detailed reference viewed: 17 (1 ULg)
See detailInfluence of operating parameters on nitrite
Kouakou, Edouard; Salmon, Thierry ULg; Marchot, Pierre ULg et al

in Proceeding of the International Symposium on Environmental Biotechnology (2006)

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See detailGas-liquid mass transfer in a circulating jet-loop nitrifying MBR
Kouakou, Edouard; Salmon, Thierry ULg; Toye, Dominique ULg et al

in Chemical Engineering Science (2005), 60(22 Sp. Iss. SI), 6346-6353

Based on airlift configuration, a novel circulating jet-loop submerged membrane bioreactor (JLMBR) adapted to ammonium partial oxidation has been developed. Membrane technology and combined air and water ... [more ▼]

Based on airlift configuration, a novel circulating jet-loop submerged membrane bioreactor (JLMBR) adapted to ammonium partial oxidation has been developed. Membrane technology and combined air and water forced circulation are adopted to obtain a high biomass retention time and to achieve a separate control of mixing and aeration. This study is intended to determine how gas-liquid mass transfer is affected by operating conditions. In a first approximation, liquid was assumed to be perfectly mixed. A classical non-steady state clean water test, known as the "gas out-gas in" method, was used to determine the gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient k(L)a. Air and recirculated liquid superficial velocities were gradually increased from 0.013 to 0.019m s(-1) and 0.0056 to 0.011 m s(-1), respectively. Subsequently, the gas-liquid mass transfer coefficient kLa varied from 0.01 to 0.02 s(-1). It appears to be influenced by the combined action of air and recirculated liquid flowrates in the range 0.72-1.03N m(3) h(-1) and 0.30-0.58 m(3) h(-1), respectively, for air and liquid. Correlations are proposed to describe this double influence. Experiments were performed on tap water and a culture medium used for the autotrophic growth of nitrifying bacteria, respectively. Oxygen transfer appeared to be not significantly affected by the mineral salt (0.48 g 1(-1)) encountered in this medium. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [less ▲]

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See detailEffect of back mixing during convective drying of wastewater sludges
Léonard, Angélique ULg; Meneses, Eustedio; Salmon, Thierry ULg et al

in Proceeedings of the joint of AFSIA (Association Française de Séchage dans l'Industrie et l'Agriculture) and Working group on Drying of EFCE at INA P-G, Paris, 12th and 13th May, 2005 (2005, May)

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See detailMass transfer, mixing and gas hold-up in a circulating jet-loop nitrifying MBR
Kouakou, Edouard; Salmon, Thierry ULg; Toye, Dominique ULg et al

in Proceedings of 7th World Congress of Chemical Enginnering - WCCE7, Glasgow, Scotland, 10-14 July 2005 (2005)

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See detailIntegrated adsorbent and process characterization. Application to air separation PSA processes
Khoder Agha, R.; De Weireld, Guy; Frère, Marc et al

Conference (2005)

Detailed reference viewed: 14 (2 ULg)