Utilisation des géosynthétiques en génie civil

Learning material (2005)

Expression of Growth Factors and Their Receptors in the Postnatal Rat Cochlea

in Neurochemical Research (1998), 23(8), 1133-8

RT-PCR was used to assay for growth factors and receptors from seven different protein families in cochlea tissues of the juvenile rat. There was a broad representation of the growth factor families in ... [more ▼]

RT-PCR was used to assay for growth factors and receptors from seven different protein families in cochlea tissues of the juvenile rat. There was a broad representation of the growth factor families in all the cochlea tissues examined, though the organ of Corti and stria vascularis expressed a greater variety than the spiral ganglion. This broad expression suggests that a variety of known growth factors play significant roles in the development, maintenance, and repair of the inner ear. The results of this survey serve as a basis for the design of future in vitro experiments that will address the ability of growth factors to protect hair cells from damage and to evoke a repair-regeneration response by injured hair cells. [less ▲]

Beta-Carbolines Induce Apoptotic Death of Cerebellar Granule Neurones in Culture

in Neuroreport (1996), 7(18), 3041-5

Apart from its role in fast inhibitory transmission, only neurotrophic effects have been reported following activation of the GABAA receptor. Here, we show that n-butyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate and n ... [more ▼]

Apart from its role in fast inhibitory transmission, only neurotrophic effects have been reported following activation of the GABAA receptor. Here, we show that n-butyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate and n-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxamide, which are negative allosteric modulators of the GABAA receptor acting at the benzodiazepine site, are neurotoxic for cerebellar granule neurones in culture. The beta-carboline-induced neuronal death is apoptotic since DNA internucleosomal fragmentation was induced and the neurotoxicity could be prevented by inhibitors of mRNA or protein synthesis. As GABA and benzodiazepine ligands (diazepam and Ro 15-1788) protect cerebellar granule cells against beta-carboline-induced toxicity, these data raise the possibility that the interaction between the beta-carbolines and the GABAA receptor is the triggering event leading to neuronal apoptosis. [less ▲]

Lining systems stability in landfill slopes : parametric study

in Proceedings of the Fifth International Landfill Symposium (1995)

Effect of geotextiles on crack propagation in the pavement overlays

in Karunaratne, G.P.; Wong, C. (Eds.) Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Geotextiles, Geomembranes and Related Products (1994)

The durability and development of optimum seaming parameters for a FCEA geomembrane

in Geosynthetics 93 Conference (1993)

The use of fibers in bituminous concrete as a solution to decrease rutting

in Proceedings of the 5th Eurobitume Volume 1 Session 3 (1993)

The problem of rutting in asphalt pavement in Belgium: how to resolve this problem with steel and synthetic fibers ?

in Iliescu, M. (Ed.) Proceedings of Constructions 2000 (1993)

In Vitro and in Vivo Modulation of 5-Hydroxytryptamine-, Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone- and Calcitonin-Gene Related Peptide-Like Immunoreactivities in Adult Rat Sensory Neurons

in Neuroscience (1992), 51(2), 401-10

In a previous work we have shown that culturing adult rat dorsal root ganglia neurons modifies their neurotransmitter phenotype in such a way that cultured neurons synthesize transmitters that are not ... [more ▼]

In a previous work we have shown that culturing adult rat dorsal root ganglia neurons modifies their neurotransmitter phenotype in such a way that cultured neurons synthesize transmitters that are not found in situ, while several other transmitters are expressed in a much higher percentage of neurons in culture than in situ [Schoenen J. et al. (1989) J. Neurosci. Res. 22, 473-487]. The aim of the present study was to investigate the origin and the nature of the relevant environmental signals that allow this plasticity to be expressed, focusing on three neurotransmitters: 5-hydroxytryptamine, thyrotropin-releasing hormone and calcitonin-gene related peptide. The main results can be summarized as follows: (1) culturing cells in fetal calf serum or on feeder layers of astrocytes, Schwann cells or fibroblasts partially inhibits the serotoninergic phenotype of dorsal root ganglia neurons; (2) in vivo disconnection of dorsal root ganglia from their spinal targets but not from their peripheral or supraspinal targets induces a significant increase of the percentage of 5-hydroxytryptamine- and thyrotropin-releasing hormone-positive neurons in disconnected ganglia; (3) growth factors such as ciliary neuronotrophic factor or basic fibroblast growth factor but not nerve growth factor repress 5-hydroxytryptamine and calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity in cultured sensory neurons. In conclusion, neurotransmitter gene expression of adult dorsal root ganglia neurons is controlled by complex influences. Our data suggest that thyrotropin-releasing hormone and 5-hydroxytryptamine gene expression are tonically repressed in vivo by factors originating from the spinal segmental level and that growth factors such as ciliary neurotrophic factor or basic fibroblast growth factor could be potential vectors of this repressing effect. [less ▲]

Geosynthetics : geotextiles, geotextiles related-products and geomembranes

in Machajski, J.; Winter, J. (Eds.) Proceedings of the IV International Conference on Slope Stability and Protection (1991)