Functional effects of a muscarinic receptor blockade during acute respiratory distress syndrome in double-muscled calves

in Veterinary Record : Journal of the British Veterinary Association (1994), 134(5), 110-113

Eighteen Belgian white and blue double-muscled calves suffering from the acute respiratory distress syndrome were studied. Fifteen of the calves inhaled ipratropium bromide (0.6 mg) four times a day for ... [more ▼]

Eighteen Belgian white and blue double-muscled calves suffering from the acute respiratory distress syndrome were studied. Fifteen of the calves inhaled ipratropium bromide (0.6 mg) four times a day for three to four days whereas the other three control calves inhaled sterile 0.9 per cent saline. All the animals were injected with ceftiofur sodium (1 mg/kg/day) for five days, the first injection being given one hour after the first inhalation of ipratropium bromide or saline. Arterial oxygen tension, alveolar arterial oxygen difference, carbon dioxide tension and arterial pH, respiratory and heart rates, oscillatory resistance and phase angle, measured by the mono-frequency forced oscillation technique, were recorded both before and one hour and 168 hours after the first inhalation. The measurement of oscillatory resistance and phase angle made it possible to resolve the impedance of the respiratory system into its real and imaginary components. The oscillatory compliance (Cosc) was determined from the imaginary component (Im). By one hour after the first inhalation of ipratropium bromide the oscillatory resistance was already significantly reduced and Im and Cosc had significantly increased, but the other parameters showed no significant improvement. However, between one hour and 168 hours after the first inhalation all the parameters reached physiological values. The control calves did not show any change. It was concluded that the pulmonary dysfunction associated with the acute respiratory distress syndrome in these calves was at least partly due to a severe bronchoconstriction. [less ▲]

Efficiency of 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor Blockade as Therapeutic Measure During Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Double-Muscled Cattle

in Zentralblatt für Veterinarmedizin. Reihe A (1993), 40(3), 185-193

During this investigation, which involved 58 Belgian White and Blue double-muscled calves affected by a naturally occurring Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, the clinical efficiency of a 5-HT2 receptor ... [more ▼]

During this investigation, which involved 58 Belgian White and Blue double-muscled calves affected by a naturally occurring Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, the clinical efficiency of a 5-HT2 receptor blockade with metrenperone (group A) was compared to the efficiency of a non-steroidal (flunixine meglumine--group B) and a steroidal (prednisolone sodium succinate--group C) antiinflammatory drug. Each animal of this trial was treated with ceftiofur sodium as antimicrobial agent. A clinical score and a breathing score were calculated at each step of the investigation period, i.e. before (T0) and 1 hour (T1), 12 hours (H), 24 H, 48H and 168 H (T3) after the first treatment, the interval 12H-48H being considered as period T2. Three clinical parameters were also taken into account separately: rectal and peripheral temperatures and heart rate. A significant improvement of the clinical score was registered at T2 in group A and at T3 in groups A and B, while this score did not significantly change in group C. In group A, the breathing score was significantly improved at T2 and T3, but not in groups B and C. Peripheral and rectal temperatures recorded at T1 were, in group A, significantly increased and decreased respectively, but not significantly changed in groups B and C. The proportions requiring change of treatment during the investigation period were significantly (P = 0.022) different in the three groups, being 5.6, 21.4 and 50.0% in groups A, B and C respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) [less ▲]

Aérosolthérapie : revue des substances thérapeuthiques à impacts bénéfiques pour la fonction pulmonaire

in Annales de Médecine Vétérinaire (1992), 136

Economic and Production Consequences of Liver Fluke Disease in Double-Muscled Fattening Cattle

in Zentralblatt für Veterinarmedizin. Reihe B = Journal of Veterinary Medicine. Series B (1991), 38(3), 203-208

The frequency of liver fluke disease in fattening units was determined by the analysis of random faeces samples issued from 1,513 Belgian White Blue bulls aged from 5 to 7 months and weighing from 200 to ... [more ▼]

The frequency of liver fluke disease in fattening units was determined by the analysis of random faeces samples issued from 1,513 Belgian White Blue bulls aged from 5 to 7 months and weighing from 200 to 300 kg. 12.5% of the investigated bulls were positive for liver fluke disease. These bulls were spread over 56.5% of the investigated fattening units. Furthermore the infestation rate varied from 0 to 33.3% inside the fattening units. In order to assess the economic consequences of bovine fascioliasis in double-muscled cattle and the beneficial effects of a treatment against such a disease, a trial including 30 Belgian White Blue bulls, weighing 365 +/- 9 kg and aged from 10 to 12 months, was conducted in a selected fattening unit. On the basis of faecal examinations, the 30 animals were subdivided in negative (group A; n = 10) and positive animals (n = 20) for fascioliasis, the latter being either treated with nitroxinil (group B; n = 10) or not (group C; n = 10) on day 0 of this trial which was conducted during 75 days. The daily body gains in group C (1.661 +/- 0.140 kg) were significantly lower than those in group A (1.975 +/- 0.120 kg). On the other hand there was no significant difference between the daily body gains registered in group B (1.960 +/- 0.085 kg) and A. The estimated financial loss, due to flukes and accounted on a 75 day-period, averaged 2,748 Belgian Francs per bull in group C.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) [less ▲]

Wirksamkeit eines oralen Beruhigungsmittels auf das Verhalten und die zootechnischen Leistungen von Mastbullen der Wei-Blauen Belgischen Rasse

in Journal of Veterinary Medicine. A, Physiology, Pathology, Clinical Medicine (1991), 38

This trial was conducted with 22 Belgian White and Blue double-muscled cattle (body weight: 241.5 +/- 6.2 kg; age: 7 months). Two similar groups were constituted: a group of bulls which were treated with ... [more ▼]

This trial was conducted with 22 Belgian White and Blue double-muscled cattle (body weight: 241.5 +/- 6.2 kg; age: 7 months). Two similar groups were constituted: a group of bulls which were treated with potassium bromide (BT; n = 11) and another one which remained untreated UT; n = 11). The treatment (736 mg potassium bromide/kg feed dry matter) was stopped 60 days before the slaughtering day. The treatment with potassium bromide induced a significantreduction in the rear engagements during the whole trial period (221 days), in direct attacks during the period A (from day 0 to day 53) and in side-on attacks during the period B from day 54 to day 167). The daily weight gains, calculated for the whole trial period, were not significantly different between the two groups. Feed utilization was lower in treated bulls. During the period C (from day 168 to day 221), the sedative potency of potassium bromide seemed to be weaker than during the periods A and B. This might be due to the habituation to potassium bromide. On the basis of these results, we can conclude that the frequency of rear engagements and, during a restricted period of fattening, the frequencies of side and directattacks are significantly reduced when potassium bromide (736 mg/kg feed dry matter) is used. The time spent for hay intake, the frequency of water intake (even if the time consumed at the drinking trough was the same) was reduced and the time during which the bulls were standing was prolonged by bromide [less ▲]