Econométrie I

Learning material (2011)

Do monitoring and counselling boost the job finding rates of the long-term unemployed ?

Conference (2008, June 13)

In July 2004, the Belgian government launched a new monitoring and counselling program targeted at the long-term unemployed. In this new program, people over 13 months unemployment are warned that their ... [more ▼]

In July 2004, the Belgian government launched a new monitoring and counselling program targeted at the long-term unemployed. In this new program, people over 13 months unemployment are warned that their job-search efforts will be monitored 8 months later. At the same time, they are invited to participate actively in the support (job search, training) programs provided for by the Regional Employment Agencies, whose supply was expanded. This reform has been implemented gradually : it focused the unemployed under 30 years in 2004, then the 30-40 year-old unemployed in 2005, and finally the 40-50 year-old unemployed in 2006. This paper aims at evaluate the effect, in terms of transition from unemployment to employment and/or training, of this new program for the 30-40 years old in Wallonia. Using the fact that the reform was implemented gradually, the effect of the program is estimated by difference-in-differences, based on (single exit and two exits) discrete duration models. The results suggest that the program has had a very large relative effect, although limited in absolute terms, regarding transition to training for almost all the treated unemployed. They also show that the program has had a substantial relative effect, although limited in absolute terms as well, with regard to transition to employment for the majority of the treated unemployed. [less ▲]

A full heteroscedastic one-way error components model: Pseudo-maximum likelihood estimation and specification testing

in Baltagi, Badi H. (Ed.) Panel Data Econometrics: Theoretical Contributions and Empirical Applications (2006)

This paper proposes an extension of the standard one-way error components model allowing for heteroscedasticity in both the individual-specific and the general error terms, as well as for unbalanced panel ... [more ▼]

This paper proposes an extension of the standard one-way error components model allowing for heteroscedasticity in both the individual-specific and the general error terms, as well as for unbalanced panel. On the grounds of its computational convenience, its potential efficiency, its robustness to non-normality and its robustness to possible misspecification of the assumed scedastic structure of the data, we argue for estimating this model by Gaussian pseudo-maximum likelihood of order two. Further, we review how, taking advantage of the powerful m-testing framework, the correct specification of the prominent aspects of the model may be tested. We survey potentially useful nested, non-nested, Hausman and information matrix type diagnostic tests of both the mean and the variance specification of the model. Finally, we illustrate the usefulness of our proposed model and estimation and diagnostic testing procedures through an empirical example. [less ▲]

The effect of youth employment quotas on the job finding rates of young people in Belgian

Conference (2004, May 17)

In april 2000, the Belgian federal government launched a special labor market program, whose prominent characteristic was the obligation for companies to occupy in their labor force a certain quota of ... [more ▼]

In april 2000, the Belgian federal government launched a special labor market program, whose prominent characteristic was the obligation for companies to occupy in their labor force a certain quota of young people. Based on a sample of more 100,000 young Walloon job seekers (Wallonia is the French-speaking region of Belgium), the aim of this paper is to evaluate whether or not this program has really improved the youth insertion in the labour market, compared to what would have prevailed in the absence of the program. The effect of the program is evaluated through discrete duration models, and estimated by ‘difference in differences’, looking at the individual trajectory on the labor market of young job seekers, before and after the setting up of the program, for the program target group and for a control group. The empirical results show that the program had a modest positive effect for mid-skilled job seekers, but very little effect for unskilled job seekers. On the other hand, as it could be expected, a strong deadweight effect is observed for the skilled young job seekers. [less ▲]

L'intégration effective des personnes ayant bénéficié de la Convention de Premier Emploi (CPE) - Une évaluation

Report (2003)

A diagnostic m-test for distributional specification of parametric conditional heteroscedasticity models for financial data

Conference (2002, June 06)

This paper proposes a convenient and generally applicable diagnostic m-test for checking the distributional specification of parametric conditional heteroscedasticity models for financial data such as the ... [more ▼]

This paper proposes a convenient and generally applicable diagnostic m-test for checking the distributional specification of parametric conditional heteroscedasticity models for financial data such as the customary Student t GARCH model. The proposed test is based on the moments of the probability integral transform of the innovations of the assumed model. Monte-Carlo evidence indicates that our suggested test performs well both in terms of size and power. [less ▲]

A distribution-free joint test for random individual effects and heteroscedasticity allowing for incomplete panels

Conference (1999, June 04)

This paper proposes a convenient testing procedure designed for detecting, from preliminary (pooled) OLS estimation of the model, the possible simultaneous presence of individual effects and ... [more ▼]

This paper proposes a convenient testing procedure designed for detecting, from preliminary (pooled) OLS estimation of the model, the possible simultaneous presence of individual effects and heteroscedasticity in the error of a linear panel data regression model. The proposed testing procedure consists in (1) a distribution-free and allowing for unbalanced panel joint pseudo-LM test of the null of no individual effect and no heteroscedasticity and (2) a BMCP based on distribution-free and again allowing for unbalanced panel robust one-directional pseudo-LM tests for identifying the source(s) of departure from the joint null when it is rejected. An empirical example illustrates the usefulness of the testing procedure. [less ▲]

Coût dans le secteur de la distribution d’électricité : économies d’échelle, économies de densité et formes institutionnelles

in Economie et Prévision (1998), 135

Cet article a pour objet d'évaluer empiriquement la pertinence économique (en termes d'efficience-coût) de la politique de délégation de la distribution d'électricité des communes vers des organismes ou ... [more ▼]

Cet article a pour objet d'évaluer empiriquement la pertinence économique (en termes d'efficience-coût) de la politique de délégation de la distribution d'électricité des communes vers des organismes ou sociétés extra-communales. Pour ce faire, les possibilités d'économies d'échelle et de densité au sein du secteur ainsi que les coûts d'exploitation relatifs des diverses formes institutionnelles existantes sont évalués sur base de l'estimation d'une fonction de coût hédonique à court terme. [less ▲]

Origine sociale et réussite scolaire : un modèle en Chaîne de Markov estimé sur données individuelles belges

in Recherches Economiques de Louvain (1997), 63(4), 421-446

Cet article étudie les relations entre l'origine socio-économique des élèves belges et leur parcours scolaire primaire et secondaire. Il repose sur l'hypothèse que le parcours scolaire des élèves peut ... [more ▼]

Cet article étudie les relations entre l'origine socio-économique des élèves belges et leur parcours scolaire primaire et secondaire. Il repose sur l'hypothèse que le parcours scolaire des élèves peut être décrit par un processus de Markov. Sur la base d'un échantillon transversal d'un millier d'enfants, en fonction de variables socio-économiques et pour chacune des années de scolarité obligatoire, les probabilités individuelles de poursuivre un parcours scolaire ''normal'', c.-à-d. sans redoublement ni relégation dans une filière de second choix, sont estimées. Nos résultats montrent que derrière les substantiels taux agrégés de redoublement qui caractérisent le système scolaire belge se cachent en fait de profondes inégalités sociales. [less ▲]

A full heteroscedastic one-way error components model for incomplete panel: pseudo-maximum likelihood estimation and pseudo Lagrange multiplier testing

Conference (1996, June 27)