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See detailUsing the course syllabus to document the quality of teaching and identifying its most useful items according to the students
Leduc, Laurent ULg

Conference (2011, November)

Alongside its well-known functions of contract or communication tool, the course syllabus would also represent a suitable evidence of teaching quality. Indeed, for the last decade, more references to ... [more ▼]

Alongside its well-known functions of contract or communication tool, the course syllabus would also represent a suitable evidence of teaching quality. Indeed, for the last decade, more references to syllabi is being recommended in faculty evaluation and in accreditation reviews. This paper first discusses the use of syllabus items in documenting and increasing the quality of course planning according to the literature. Secondly, in order to inspire institutions in their choices of the most valuable syllabus items, this paper reports the result of a survey lead at the University of Liège in order to identify the most useful generic components to be included in course syllabi according to students’ opinion. Items like Assessment methods and criteria; Learning objectives/outcomes; Recommended or required readings and Learning advices appeared to be among the most wanted ones. [less ▲]

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See detailUn guide pour l’étudiant, un guide pour l’enseignant : la Fiche ECTS (Plan de cours)
Leduc, Laurent ULg

Conference given outside the academic context (2011)

Dans cet exposé, l'auteur décrit les fonctions des fiches ECTS (équivalents des Plans de cours selon la terminologie adoptée par la Haute Ecole Robert Schuman) et de la communication orale sur les cours ... [more ▼]

Dans cet exposé, l'auteur décrit les fonctions des fiches ECTS (équivalents des Plans de cours selon la terminologie adoptée par la Haute Ecole Robert Schuman) et de la communication orale sur les cours, ainsi que les rubriques ou contenus à investir en priorité et la manière de la faire dans cette perspective utilitaire. [less ▲]

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See detailCan the syllabus actually impact students' perceptions of a course regarding their personal needs and motivation? (Exploring consistencies between syllabi’s qualities and benefit on students’ attitude toward a course)
Leduc, Laurent ULg

Conference (2009, November)

Faculties at the University of Liège, just like so many of their academic colleagues worldwide, have to write and orally present a syllabus for each of their courses every year. Although very demanding ... [more ▼]

Faculties at the University of Liège, just like so many of their academic colleagues worldwide, have to write and orally present a syllabus for each of their courses every year. Although very demanding, this effort is clearly described by many authors as an important opportunity to make a decisive first impression and to favourably affect students’ attitude and perceptions toward a given course regarding their personal needs and motivation notably. Even if the hypothesis seem plausible and inspiring for practice at first sight, the likelihood of a given syllabus to actually impact those perfection in the right way still has to be experienced. So, for a syllabus whose qualities / characteristics seem to make it likely or not to impact positively or negatively learners’ perceptions of courses linked to their motivation and individual needs, will consistent effects be observed on the ones who have read / heard it? Among the students’ perceptions that an effective syllabus would be likely to positively impact according to the literature, some appear to correspond to the three determining factors of the motivational dynamics’ model from Roland Viau [1997]: the perception of controllability [Bain, 2004; Lang, 2006; Hudd, 2003], the perception of activities value [Wasley, 2008, Hammons & Shock, 1994; Johnson, 2006] and the perception of competency [Slattery & Carlson, 2005; Madson, Melchert, Whipp, 2004]. Other theoretical benefits of the syllabus on students’ attitude refer to the “consideration of what students need in order to be successful learners” [Hess & Whittington, 2003] or the support of “developmental needs of the students” [Haugen, 1998]. Here, items used to check learners’ perceptions and to observe if “the syllabus addresses the question of whether the class will meet student needs” [Birdsall, 1989] have been closely related to the levels of Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Chart. In 2008, within its mandatory program of pedagogical training for new faculties, the IFRES (Institute for Training and Research in Higher Education) has created a thematic seminar offering guidelines to promote syllabi aiming notably to motivate students and meet developmental needs. At the beginning of the following academic year, ten syllabi and introduction speeches - meant to Freshmen or Sophomores and designed by ten faculties who followed the seminar - were collected and recorded in order to be analyzed. Their likelihood to impact the targeted students’ perceptions was then rated according to criteria rigorously derived from literature. During the second class of the ten teachers, questionnaires were submitted to their 1300 First/Second-Year students in order to investigate the possible corollary impact of those transmitted pieces of information on their concerned perceptions. In order to measure hypothetical gains due to syllabi, couples of symmetrical pre and post items were included. Data collected from the students concerning their post perceptions and their answers about their reading / hearing or not of their respective syllabi /oral speeches are currently crossed. Chi squares are calculated to identify significant relationships between them, as well as correlations indexes. Afterwards, synoptic tables are produced to observe consistencies between ratings of teachers’ performances and students’ levels of declared perceptions. At this stage, it appears that variables regarding motivation are clearly independent for about 2/3 of the studied relations. Nevertheless, considering the cases where the X²test indicate links between the data, concrete consistencies can be observed between the ratings obtained from the content analysis of syllabi or speeches and the observed percentages of students declaring good perceptions. Besides, the comparison of the percentages of students declaring good perceptions before and after having received syllabi and speeches clearly indicate frequent consistencies with the syllabi’s ratings on the same variables. Looking at the impressive number of universities everywhere asking or urging their teachers to produce syllabi for each of their courses, it seems obvious that this task has become a classic in any faculty’s pedagogical practice. This generalization also seems to indicate a consensus on the fact that this effort make sense and can be useful, particularly for students. This research aims to objectify this usefulness in order to guide and promote professors’ reflection on effective syllabus - for instance in the context of a regulated training seminar -, especially since it is also considered to benefit as planning tool for faculties [Littlefield, 1999; Matejka & Kurke, 1994 ; Sinor & Kaplan], or as permanent record for promotions or program consistency [Parkes & Harris, 2002; Leibow, 2003 ; Seldin, 1998]. [less ▲]

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See detailDo Higher Education syllabi and oral course introduction affect student’s motivation to study ? Measuring the impact of syllabi from specifically trained Faculties on students’ perceptions of controllability, course value and competency
Leduc, Laurent ULg

Conference (2009, August)

As defined by Altman and Cashin (1992), “the primary purpose of a syllabus is to communicate to one’s students what the course is about, why the course is taught, where it is going, and what will be ... [more ▼]

As defined by Altman and Cashin (1992), “the primary purpose of a syllabus is to communicate to one’s students what the course is about, why the course is taught, where it is going, and what will be required of the students for them to complete the course with a passing grade”. According to several authors, one of the functions of the syllabus is to motivate students: it “conveys enthusiasm for the subject and sparks student interest and motivation” (Hammons & Shock, 1994), “warm syllabi explain expectations in a clear and friendly fashion, encourage and motivate students” (Slattery & Carlson, 2005), “the course syllabus should generate interest and motivate students to take responsability to learn the contents of the course” (Johnson, 2006), “we studied teachers who have enormous success in helping and encouraging their students to achieve remarkable learning and found they usually produce a certain kind of syllabus” (Bain, 2004). Some researchers (Thompson, 2007) have also pointed out different oral strategies used by teachers when presenting their courses for the first time to students in order to positively affect them on this aspect. But the question is: can this very early written / oral transmission of information really impact students’motivation for learning in some courses? In the University of Liège, professors have to submit every year for each of their courses a one page (at least) standardized syllabus (called engagement pédagogique). In addition, they usually start their first lesson with introductory speeches that plays the same role. In 2008, IFRES (Institute for Training and Research in Higher Education) has delivered pedagogical training and guidelines to new faculties in order to promote these two kinds of motivating communications especially with their freshmen and sophomores audiences. As the person in charge with that training, I focused on Viau’s model of motivation dynamics (1997). The specific suggestions I gave consisted in taking into account various kinds of students’ perceptions (1) of competency (“a perception that a student has about him(her)self and through which he/she assesses his/her ability to suitably accomplish an activity that he/she is not sure to carry off”), (2) of controlability (“the perception of the control that a student has on the course of an activity and on its consequences”) and (3) of activities value (“the opinion that a student expresses on the interest and the usefulness of a pedagocical activiy according to the goals he/she pursues”) in one’s written and oral communication with students about pedagogical and practical aspects of a course. At the beginning of the academic year following the delivery of those guidelines and training sessions, the wording of syllabi and oral speeches produced by 10 of those new faculties was analysed from their motivational potential’s point of view. In the same time, questionnaires were submitted to the 1400 students of their 12 introductory courses, in order to investigate the corollary impact of those information transmissions on learners’ motivational dynamics. Before and after their reception of the oral and written messages from their respective teachers, student’s levels of perception concerning the value of the course, concerning their own competency to succeed in it and concerning their controlability, have been compared in order to measure hypothetical gains due to syllabi and face-to-face course introduction. We have studied relations between students who have actualy read / not read syllabi, or who have actually listened / not listened to oral presentation of the course, and their level of perception of Viau’s three motivational factors. Other relations between variables like students’ perceptions of their own teacher (resulting from the content and tone of his/her messages) or the presence / absence of a rationale for some particular items of information have also been studied. [less ▲]

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See detailUtilités des engagements pédagogiques et développement(s) de la conception des cours Former et accompagner des enseignants universitaires à la rédaction des plans de cours
Leduc, Laurent ULg

Scientific conference (2009, June)

En 1998, l’Université de Liège a instauré l’obligation pour tous ses enseignants titulaires de rédiger l’engagement pédagogique de chacun de leurs cours. Descriptif par rubriques des principaux aspects ... [more ▼]

En 1998, l’Université de Liège a instauré l’obligation pour tous ses enseignants titulaires de rédiger l’engagement pédagogique de chacun de leurs cours. Descriptif par rubriques des principaux aspects pédagogiques et organisationnels d’un cours, ce type de document mis à disposition des étudiants s’apparente en tous points au plan de cours (expression adoptée en francophonie) ou au course syllabus (vocable anglophone, consacré par la littérature) institués aujourd’hui dans la plupart des universités à travers le monde. Outre leurs fonctions, souvent décrites, d’outils de communication (Matejka, Kurke, 1994) et d’apprentissage (Parkes, Harris, 2002) pour l’étudiant, ces rédactions présentent, de l’avis de divers auteurs, une utilité non moindre pour l’enseignant, l’aidant entre autres à structurer et à développer la vision d’un cours (Appleby, 2001) voire à préciser sa conception même (Hammons, Shock, 1994). Au sein du programme de formation obligatoire des nouveaux chargés de cours de l’IFRES (Institut de Formation et de Recherche en Enseignement Supérieur de l’ULg), nous avons mis en place au cours de l’année 2007-2008 un séminaire visant à stimuler l’utilité du travail d’implémentation de ces documents. Lors de l’année académique 2008-2009, nous avons commencé à expérimenter, dans la continuité de cette formation principalement transmissive, une formule complémentaire d’accompagnement direct d’enseignants dans la réflexion et l’implémentation de leurs engagements pédagogiques. Dans ce contexte, nous avons entrepris un volet de recherche (actuellement en cours) ayant notamment pour but d’investiguer les rapports entre les perceptions de l’utilité des engagements pédagogiques par les professeurs et les choix posés au niveau de leur rédaction, voire de la conception de leurs cours. A cette fin, au cours de deux entretiens semi-dirigés pré et post, chaque participant aura été invité à s’exprimer sur les bénéfices qu’il entrevoit à fournir cet effort pour ses étudiants ainsi que pour lui-même en tant qu’enseignant, notamment en termes de possibles rétroactions sur la planification de ses cours. Ces matériaux discursifs, de même que les échanges entre tuteurs et participants lors des séances d’accompagnement individuel seront analysés en référence à des définitions critériées de la prise en considération de six fonctions du syllabus ou plan de cours, considérées ici comme les principales au regard de la littérature: communication device, learning tool, cognitive map, contract, framework et permanent record. Parallèlement, les versions pré et post des engagements pédagogiques rédigés par les enseignants accompagnés, de même que les traces intermédiaires partiellement standardisées à la faveur de modèles réflexifs créés à cet effet, seront analysées sur base d’une liste de critères de qualité établis d’après la littérature. Notre communication présentera les dispositifs et outils pédagogiques développés pour la formation et l’accompagnement des enseignants, ainsi que la méthodologie de recherche initiée et les référents théoriques développés dans le but d’explorer l’évolution de leurs perceptions et des qualités utilitaires de leurs engagements pédagogiques. [less ▲]

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See detailQuel dispositif de formation pour un CDS ? Réflexions à partir de l’expérience de l’Académie Wallonie-Europe
Merenne-Schoumaker, Bernadette ULg; Leduc, Laurent ULg

Conference (2009)

Through analysis and an attempt to assess the system developed at the level of the Wallonia-Europe Academy in the context of Center for Higher Didactics (Centre de Didactique Supérieure : CDS), the ... [more ▼]

Through analysis and an attempt to assess the system developed at the level of the Wallonia-Europe Academy in the context of Center for Higher Didactics (Centre de Didactique Supérieure : CDS), the purpose of this article is to reflect on the specificities and constraints of a training limited to teachers in charge of First Generation students, those specificities being especially constraining since the CDS training sessions take place in a larger context : the training of all the university teachers. The Liege experience enlightens some determinant factors : sensitizing first on the interest of such a training, centring the training on close coaching of students learning with a focus on their difficulties or deficiencies and with help given to teachers in resolving them, meeting the diversity of the situations lived by those teachers (notably in terms of students number and disciplines), taking into account their expectations in accordance with their profile, cleverly combining oral speeches, testimonies and debates, suggesting a diversity of concrete intervention trails… By the way, the joined organization of introduction sessions and close coaching seminars seems to be a relevant formula in order to meet such kind of objectives. [less ▲]

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See detailL’accompagnement des assistants et des professeurs de 1ère année à l’Université de Liège
Leduc, Laurent ULg

Conference given outside the academic context (2008)

Donnée dans le cadre d'une journée de réflexion destinée aux professeurs des Hautes Ecoles bruxelloises sur la réussite en 1ère année, cette conférence présente le dispositif d'accompagnement et de ... [more ▼]

Donnée dans le cadre d'une journée de réflexion destinée aux professeurs des Hautes Ecoles bruxelloises sur la réussite en 1ère année, cette conférence présente le dispositif d'accompagnement et de formation du personnel encadrant (professeurs et assistants) des étudiants de 1er BAC mis en place par le CDS (Centre de Didactique Supérieure) de l'Académie Universitaire Wallonie Europe à l'Université de Liège. [less ▲]

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See detailImpact des séminaires de formations certificatifs sur les attitudes et pratiques évaluatives des enseignants en 1er bac
Leduc, Laurent ULg

in Mottier Lopez, Lucie; Dizerens, Yann-Eric; Marcoux, Géry (Eds.) et al Entre la régulation des apprentissages et le pilotage des systèmes: évaluations en tension. Actes du 20e colloque de l'ADMEE-Europe (2008, January)

Créé par obligation décrétale avec pour mission de « conseiller, encadrer et former les enseignants en charge des étudiants de première génération », le Centre de Didactique Supérieure (CDS) de l’Académie ... [more ▼]

Créé par obligation décrétale avec pour mission de « conseiller, encadrer et former les enseignants en charge des étudiants de première génération », le Centre de Didactique Supérieure (CDS) de l’Académie Universitaire Wallonie-Europe a développé pour ses encadrants universitaires de première année de bachelier un catalogue d’offre de formations à deux vitesses. En effet, dans le prolongement de « Séances thématiques présentielles », activités de sensibilisation à diverses problématiques de Pédagogie Universitaire articulées autour de témoignages d’enseignants et d’exposés d’experts, ont été conçus des « Séminaires de suivi en ligne », séquences d’apprentissage certificatives, impliquant de la part des participants la réalisation d’un dispositif pédagogique adapté à une difficulté identifiée. La présente communication décrit la procédure mise en œuvre afin d’évaluer, pour trois de ces séminaires virtuels (intitulés respectivement « Améliorer la maîtrise du français », « Accroître la motivation des étudiants » et « Concevoir des simulations d’examens »), leur impact sur le niveau d’appropriation par chacun des enseignants certifiés par le CDS des principes de la Triple Concordance Objectifs-Méthodes-Evaluation et de la nécessité de définir les objectifs d’apprentissage à atteindre par les étudiants. A cette fin, des données qualitatives collectées au cours de focus interviews individuelles ont été traitées à l’aide d’une grille d’analyse construite à partir d’éléments empruntés à l’aphorisme de Conrad Lorenz, à la taxonomie de David Krathwohl et au modèle de Rolland Viau. [less ▲]

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See detailUn guide pour l’étudiant, un guide pour l’enseignant : l’engagement pédagogique (Texte d`accompagnement)
Leduc, Laurent ULg

Learning material (2008)

Notes écrites soutenant la partie théorique de la séance IFRES "Un guide pour l'enseignant, un guide pour l'étudiant : l'engagement pédagogique", destinées aux nouveaux chargés de cours de l`ULg, ce ... [more ▼]

Notes écrites soutenant la partie théorique de la séance IFRES "Un guide pour l'enseignant, un guide pour l'étudiant : l'engagement pédagogique", destinées aux nouveaux chargés de cours de l`ULg, ce document propose une revue de la littérature spécialisée traversant les grandes questions relatives à la rédaction des Plans de cours - ou Course Syllabi- et à la préparation des "First class meetings" (que communiquer, comment, quand, et surtout pourquoi). [less ▲]

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See detailVariations in Transnational Tutoring in Distance Learning: the Form@sup Experience
Volungeviciene, Airina; Leduc, Laurent ULg

in Revue Internationale des Technologies en Pédagogie Universitaire (2006), 3(1-2), 19-27

This paper describes several roles of transnational tutors from the standpoint of two of them, holding different positions in the design of a curriculum based on Distance Learning (Form@sup in its English ... [more ▼]

This paper describes several roles of transnational tutors from the standpoint of two of them, holding different positions in the design of a curriculum based on Distance Learning (Form@sup in its English version). These roles and positions will be presented according to two theoretical models. Particular focus will be placed on the relationship between the Central unit and a transnational tutor representing it locally. [less ▲]

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