Clés de lecture de Regards sur l'Education n° 8 : les indicateurs de l'OCDE

Book published by Ministère de la Communauté Française, Direction des Relations Internationales (2005)

Prévention de l'ostéoporose à Liège. Evaluation d'un essai de partenariat entre médecins généralistes et spécialistes universitaires (1)

in Revue Médicale de Liège (1997), 52(1), 31-36

Long-Term (3 Years) Prevention of Trabecular Postmenopausal Bone Loss with Low-Dose Intermittent Nasal Salmon Calcitonin

in Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : The Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (1994), 9(1), 69-73

The long-term effect of intermittent low-dose nasal salmon calcitonin on trabecular early postmenopausal bone loss was assessed as follow-up to a previously published study. Randomized controlled group ... [more ▼]

The long-term effect of intermittent low-dose nasal salmon calcitonin on trabecular early postmenopausal bone loss was assessed as follow-up to a previously published study. Randomized controlled group comparison was made of 287 healthy women with 6-36 months of natural menopause and no treatment interfering with calcium metabolism at an outpatient clinic for research in bone and cartilage metabolism. The 287 women were randomly allocated to 3 years of treatment with either 500 mg/day, 5 days/week of calcium or the same amount of calcium plus 50 IU/day, 5 days per week of nasal salmon calcitonin. A total of 186 women complied with the study protocol throughout. The main outcome measures were bone mineral density of the lumbar spine (DPA) and biochemical parameters reflecting bone turnover (serum alkaline phosphatases, urinary calcium/creatinine, and hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio). The average changes in bone mineral density after 36 months showed a positive (p < 0.05) outcome (1.8 +/- 5.7%; mean +/- SD) in the group treated with salmon calcitonin and calcium and a significant (p < 0.01) loss (-5.8 +/- 4.8%) in patients receiving calcium alone. The difference between the evolution of the two groups was significantly (p < 0.01) different after 6 months of treatment and remained so until the end of the study. No significant changes were recorded in biochemical parameters reflecting bone turnover. As previously shown during a 1 year follow-up, nasal salmon calcitonin given at low dose and intermittently, in association with calcium, can counteract trabecular postmenopausal bone loss. [less ▲]

Dual Photon Absorptiometry of Lumbar Spine in West European (Belgian) Postmenopausal Females: Normal Range and Fracture Threshold

in Clinical Rheumatology (1990), 9(2), 220-4

Bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar spine have been measured in 695 healthy postmenopausal and 64 type I osteoporotic Belgian, Caucasian females. Bone loss is strongly ... [more ▼]

Bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar spine have been measured in 695 healthy postmenopausal and 64 type I osteoporotic Belgian, Caucasian females. Bone loss is strongly correlated to time elapse from menopause (Tm) with a maximum rate of bone loss during the first five years of menopause. BMC (gHA) = 461 + 0.662 ln Tm -0.481 (ln Tm)2 and BMD (gHA/cm2) = 0.91 + 0.00711 ln Tm - 0.00846 (ln Tm)2 (in both cases p less than 0.001 and Tm expressed in months of menopause). After 20 years of menopause, 50 to 60% of normal women have vertebral BMC and BMD values below the 90th percentile of women with vertebral fractures and, thus, might be considered to have asymptomatic osteoporosis. We conclude that prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis should be initiated as soon as possible after the onset of menopause and that bone density screening should be extended in elderly in order to detect and allow treatment of asymptomatic "densitometric" osteoporosis. [less ▲]

In Vivo Long-Term Precision of Spinal Bone Mass Measurement by Dual Photon Absorptiometry

in Bone and Mineral (1989), 6(2), 225-9

Prevention of Postmenopausal Bone Loss by Tiludronate

in Lancet (1989), 2(8678-8679, Dec 23-30), 1469-71

76 healthy women, who had been menopausal for less than 96 months and who had never received any form of treatment to prevent bone loss, were entered into a randomised double-blind study. For the first 6 ... [more ▼]

76 healthy women, who had been menopausal for less than 96 months and who had never received any form of treatment to prevent bone loss, were entered into a randomised double-blind study. For the first 6 months, half the patients received tiludronate 100 mg daily, while the others received placebo. During the second 6 months, all patients received placebo. Bone mineral density of the lumbar spine decreased significantly by 2.1% (SE 0.8%) in the placebo group and did not significantly change in the tiludronate group (+1.33 [0.8]%). The difference in response between the groups was significant, as were the differences between values for corrected urinary hydroxyproline and calcium. Treatment with tiludronate was not followed by increased secretion of parathyroid hormone. A 6 month course of oral tiludronate may counteract postmenopausal bone loss for at least a year by decreasing bone resorption. [less ▲]

One Year's Treatment of Paget's Disease of Bone by Synthetic Salmon Calcitonin as a Nasal Spray

in Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : The Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (1988), 3(3), 249-52

The effectiveness of synthetic salmon calcitonin (SCT) administered as a nasal spray was assessed via clinical, biological, and radiological variables in 17 previously untreated Pagetic patients over a 1 ... [more ▼]

The effectiveness of synthetic salmon calcitonin (SCT) administered as a nasal spray was assessed via clinical, biological, and radiological variables in 17 previously untreated Pagetic patients over a 1-year course of therapy. The results showed a highly significant decrease of serum alkaline phosphatase (S-ALP) (p less than 0.05 after 1 month of treatment) and of the urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine ratio (OH/Cr) (p less than 0.01 after 1 month of treatment). For the whole group, the mean decrease in S-ALP was 37 +/- 4% (SEM) after 6 months (p less than 0.01) and 31 +/- 5% after 1 year (p less than 0.01). The mean fall in OH/Cr was 35 +/- 6% (SEM) (p less than 0.01) and 37 +/- 7% (p less than 0.01) after 6 and 12 months, respectively. None of the usual side-effects of SCT were reported and local tolerance was excellent throughout the study. [less ▲]

Influence of the Nature of Calcium Salts on Serum Calcium, Phosphorus, Calcitonin, Growth Hormone, and Somatomedin C

in Research in Experimental Medicine (1988), 188

Twenty healthy males were randomly divided into three groups. Each subject received either 405 mg elemental calcium (Ca) as a salt linked to an amino acid precursor, 405 mg CaC12 or 1000 mg Ca as Ca ... [more ▼]

Twenty healthy males were randomly divided into three groups. Each subject received either 405 mg elemental calcium (Ca) as a salt linked to an amino acid precursor, 405 mg CaC12 or 1000 mg Ca as Ca gluconolactate and carbonate. In all three cases, Ca intake led to an increase of serum Ca and TCT production and a decrease of PTH liberation. However, when Ca is linked to the amino acid precursor, an elective stimulation of growth hormone (GH) and somatomedin C (SmC) occurs. Due to the nature of its amino acid precursor, this salt seems to stimulate GH and SmC liberation through hypophysis. This could be a major pathway in decoupling of the sequence resorption-formation and therapy of metabolic bone diseases. [less ▲]

Assessment of the Biological Effectiveness of Nasal Synthetic Salmon Calcitonin (Ssct) by Comparison with Intramuscular (I.M.) or Placebo Injection in Normal Subjects

in Bone and Mineral (1987), 2(2), 133-40

For patients who require treatment over a period of some years, intranasal administration of synthetic salmon calcitonin (SSCT) obviates the discomfort associated with administration by injection ... [more ▼]

For patients who require treatment over a period of some years, intranasal administration of synthetic salmon calcitonin (SSCT) obviates the discomfort associated with administration by injection. Moreover, this mode of administration is not associated with the side effects normally encountered when calcitonin is injected intramuscularly or subcutaneously. The aim of this study was to assess, in normal subjects, the biological activity of nasal SSCT by comparing the fluctuations of parameters reflecting calcium-phosphorus metabolism after nasal instillation, injection of SSCT and injection of placebo, respectively. In nine healthy subjects, this instillation of 200 IU of SSCT into the nasal cavity caused a fall in serum calcium, a fall in serum phosphorus and a transient rise in parathyroid hormone levels similar to that observed after the intramuscular (i.m.) injection of 80 IU of SSCT. SSCT whether administered by the nasal route or by injection, does not inhibit endogenous calcitonin secretion. There were no changes in serum beta-endorphin, magnesium or erythrocyte magnesium levels after administration of calcitonin by the intranasal route or by injection. [less ▲]