Integrated management of wild chamomile populations by tillage

in Agricultural and Apllied Biological Sciences (2013, May 21)

Gembloux, Belgium Chemical weeding in agriculture increasingly raises environmental, health and economic preoccupations. European authorities has set up legislations (directive 91/414, settlement 1107 ... [more ▼]

Gembloux, Belgium Chemical weeding in agriculture increasingly raises environmental, health and economic preoccupations. European authorities has set up legislations (directive 91/414, settlement 1107/2009, directive 2009/128) aiming to reduce risks related to the use of pesticides and encouraging integrated pest management. This situation leads professionals and scientists to take interest in the biology and population dynamics of weeds and to study the impacts of integrated pest management on weeds and crops. Tillage can potentially be an efficient weed control method in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). We studied wild chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) population dynamics and crop yields in an experimental winter wheat crop, in relation to tillage methods. Five modalities (i.e. different combinations of a stubble cultivator and/or a moldboard plow, including a no-tillage control) were applied during three years (2009-2012), with four replications, in Gembloux (Belgium). In each plot, M. chamomilla density was recorded throughout the seasons. In summer 2012, wild chamomile density was significantly lower in plots tilled with a moldboard plow. The use of a stubble cultivator did not significantly affect M. chamomilla density. In addition, we found higher wheat yields in ploughed plots, indicating that the decrease in M. chamomilla density reduced competition for wheat. To confirm these results, experiments are still under investigation in similar conditions. [less ▲]

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