Etude histologique des embryons avortés lors des croisements entre Phaseolus vulgaris L. et Phaseolus coccineus L.

in International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences (2013)

Sauvetage d'embryons chez les légumineuses alimentaires en générale et dans le genre Phaseolus en particulier (synthèse bibliographique)

in Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement = Biotechnology, Agronomy, Society and Environment [=BASE] (2012), 16(2), 203-215

Effect of fruit age, pre-storage and seed fermentation durations on seed germination and seedling vigor in Lagenaria siceraria

in Journal of Applied Biosciences (2012), (49), 3339-3351

Objectives : the study was conducted to determine the optimum age of the fruit at harvest and to evaluate the effect of pre-storage and fermentation on the seeds'agronomic performance of oleaginous ... [more ▼]

Objectives : the study was conducted to determine the optimum age of the fruit at harvest and to evaluate the effect of pre-storage and fermentation on the seeds'agronomic performance of oleaginous Lagenaria siceraria. Methodology and results : Fruit of the "round-fruited" and "blocky-fruited", two cultivars of the species, were harvested at 3 different ages (30, 40 and 50 days after anthesis (DAA)). These fruits were pre-stored during 0,30 and 60 days after harvest (DAH), and then their seeds were fermented for 0,5 and 10 days. Seed viability (germination percentage and germination speed index) and seedlings vigor (emergence percentage, emergence speed index, seedling shoot length and seedling dry weight) were significantly (P< 0.001) influenced by each of the three factors. Following the positive interaction of these factors, the best viability and the most vigorous seedlings were obtained with seeds from fruits tardily harvested (50 DAA), pre-stored for a long time (60 DAH) and longer fermented (10 days). The simultaneous variation of the fruit wet weight and the seed color, dry weight and moisture content with their viability and the seedlings vigor indicates that these four parameters can be used as indicators of both cultivars maturity. Conclusions and application of findings : The results suggest that in deaginous L siceraria, fruits must be harvested 50 DAA, pre-stored up to 60 DPA. Good agronomic quality seeds must have yellow-orange color and be fermented up to 10 days. [less ▲]

Study of agronomic constraints to the dissemination of the cultivation of Jatropha curcas L. in Senegal

Poster (2012)

Effect of harvest time on seed oil and protein contents and compositions in the oleaginous gourd Lagenaria siceria (Molina) Standl

in Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture (2011), 91(11), 2073-2080

BACKGROUND: The stage of fruit ripeness at the time of harvest determines the final quality of ripe fruit. In this study, changes in the chemical composition of seed kernels from the oleaginous gourd ... [more ▼]

BACKGROUND: The stage of fruit ripeness at the time of harvest determines the final quality of ripe fruit. In this study, changes in the chemical composition of seed kernels from the oleaginous gourd Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. during maturation were evaluated to determine the best time to harvest the berries. Two cultivars (round and oval berry) were studied at three maturation stages (30 and 50 days after fruit set (DAFS) and complete plant whiteness (CPW)). [less ▲]

In vitro culture of Jatropha curcas L (Culture in vitro de Jatropha curcas L.)

in Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement = Biotechnology, Agronomy, Society and Environment [=BASE] (2011), 15(4), 567-574

Changes in DNA-methylation during zygotic embryogenesis in interspecific hybrids of beans (Phaseolus spp.)

in Plant Cell, Tissue & Organ Culture (2011), (3), 383-393

Hybrid embryos resulting from crosses between Phaseolus species often fail to reach maturity and some combinations frequently abort at early developmental stages. The genetic or molecular basis for these ... [more ▼]

Hybrid embryos resulting from crosses between Phaseolus species often fail to reach maturity and some combinations frequently abort at early developmental stages. The genetic or molecular basis for these consistent developmental defects is at present not clear. However, an extremely complex genetic system, thought to be caused by major epigenetic changes associated with gene expression changes, has been shown to be active in plant species. We have investigated DNA methylation in two interspecific hybrids, Phaseolus vulgaris X Phaseolus coccineus and it reciprocal crosses, using methylation sensitive amplification polymorphism (MSAP). The potential use of MSAP for detecting methylation variation during embryogenesis in interspecific hybrids is discussed. Significant differences in the DNA methylation patterns were observed in abortive (interpecific hybrids) and non abortive (parental) genotypes. Taken together, our results strongly suggest that generalized alterations in DNA methylation profiles could play a causative role in early interspecific embryo abortion in vivo. A considerable change in the methylation pattern during embryogenesis could be involved in the disruption of the regulation or maintenance of the embryogenesis process of Phaseolus interspecific hybrids. The results also support the earlier hypothesis that DNA methylation is critical for the regulation of plant embryogenesis and gene expression. [less ▲]

Identification and Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes During Seed Development Using Suppression Subtractive Hybridization (SSH) in Phaseolus vulgaris

in Plant Molecular Biology Reporter (2011)

Introgression of Pythium root rot resistance gene into Rwandan susceptible common bean cultivars

in African Journal of Plant Science (2011), 5(3), 193-200

Utilisation des mutations induites pour l'étude de l'embryogenèse chez le haricot Phaseolus vulgaris L. et deux plantes modèles, Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. et Zea mays L.

in Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement = Biotechnology, Agronomy, Society and Environment [=BASE] (2011), 15(1), 195-205

L'amélioration du haricot commun Phaseolus vulgaris L. par hybridations interspécifiques avec les espèces Phaseolus coccineus L. et Phaseolus polyanthus Greenm. utilisées comme parents femelles se solde ... [more ▼]

L'amélioration du haricot commun Phaseolus vulgaris L. par hybridations interspécifiques avec les espèces Phaseolus coccineus L. et Phaseolus polyanthus Greenm. utilisées comme parents femelles se solde généralement par l'avortement des embryons hybrides. L'identification des gènes intervenant dans le développement normal des embryons permettrait d'expliquer en partie l'avortement des embryons hybrides ; les mutations induites pourraient donc être une alternative chez Phaseolus pour identifier les gènes clés de l'embryogenèse. cette étude présente quelques exemples d'utilisation des mutations induites dans l'identification des gènes indispensables au bon déroulement de l'embryogenèse chez Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heyhn. et Zea mays L., plantes modèles de l'étude de l'embryogenèse chez les dicotylédones et les monocotylédones, respectivement. Chez ces deux espèces, des mutants du développement embryonnaire ont été identifiés en utilisant la mutagenèse insertionnelle et la mutagenèse chimique à l'Ethyl Méthane Sulfonate (EMS). Chez Arabidopsis, les mutants sont affectés dans la polarité apico-basale, l'organisation radiale et les étapes post-embryonnaires et certains embryons mutants sont affectés dans la signalisation de l'auxine. Chez le maïs, les mutants defective kernel (dek), altérés au niveau de l'embryon et de l'albumen, et les mutants emb pour lequels seul l'embryon est affecté, ont été identifiés. Chez le haricot commun, des plantes déficientes dans la formation des graines ont été identifiées suite à la mutagenèse à l'EMS. Les embryons des graines de ces plantes arrêtent de croître à différents stades de développement et présentent des anomalies principalement au niveau du suspenseur et des cotylédons. [less ▲]