Aerossolterapia nas doenças respiratórias em eqüinos

in Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science (2001), 38(2), 88-96

Respiratory problems are frequently implicated in horses as a cause of poor sportive performances. The most frequently occurring lower respiratory tract disorders are chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ... [more ▼]

Respiratory problems are frequently implicated in horses as a cause of poor sportive performances. The most frequently occurring lower respiratory tract disorders are chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), inflammatory airway disease and exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage (EIPH). Classically, their treatment includes systemic administration of drugs, but aerosol therapy is now known to be a more specific way to treat these disorders. This article describes the equipment and drugs currently available for aerosol therapy in horses. [less ▲]

Protective Effects of Web 2086 (Paf Antagonist) and Ketoprofen (Nsaid) on Paf-Induced Changes in the Morphological Ultrastructure of Blood Platelets in Calves

in Veterinary Research Communications (1998), 22(4), 273-291

The ultrastructure of bovine platelets was examined by transmission electron microscopy without any pretreatment (control), and after WEB 2086 (a triazolodiazepine) or ketoprofen (NSAID) pretreatment ... [more ▼]

The ultrastructure of bovine platelets was examined by transmission electron microscopy without any pretreatment (control), and after WEB 2086 (a triazolodiazepine) or ketoprofen (NSAID) pretreatment, followed by PAF infusion. The blood platelet count was also investigated. The group of calves that received WEB 2086 pretreatment before platelet-activating factor (PAF) infusion did not show a decreased number of platelets. However, in the other group, with ketoprofen pretreatment before PAF infusion, there was a rapid decrease from 1 to 3 min, while from 5 min the number of platelets recovered to the normal value. Electron microscopy revealed that pretreatment with WEB 2086 followed by PAF infusion did not alter the morphological ultrastructure of bovine platelets, except that the microtubules were briefly modified from 1 until 3 min after PAF challenge. After ketoprofen pretreatment, bovine platelets kept their regular shape, the number of dense bodies was not significantly altered, the number of mitochondria was maintained from 5 min after PAF infusion, giant platelets were not observed and the Golgi apparatus was rarely visible. Thus pretreatment with WEB 2086 and ketoprofen before PAF infusion had a protective activity on the ultrastructure of bovine platelets and, in cattle, pretreatment with WEB 2086 and ketoprofen before PAF challenge prevented the thrombocytopenia induced by PAF. [less ▲]

Morphological alterations of blood platelets induced by Platelet Activating Factor (PAF) and partial inhibition by Ketoprofen in calves

in Veterinary Research (1997), 28(5 Sep-Oct), 489-502

The influence of platelet activating factor (PAF) was investigated in vivo on the ultrastructure of bovine platelets, and on the platelet count. The effect of an intravenous administration of ketoprofen ... [more ▼]

The influence of platelet activating factor (PAF) was investigated in vivo on the ultrastructure of bovine platelets, and on the platelet count. The effect of an intravenous administration of ketoprofen (a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) pretreatment followed by PAF infusion was also observed in a group of six healthy male Friesian calves. PAF infusion alone caused a moderate thrombocytopenia, which peaked one minute post challenge and returned to levels not significantly different from control after 30 min. Electron microscopy revealed that after PAF infusion, platelets lost their lentiform shape and became irregular, with many pseudopods. Their microtubules became impossible to distinguish. The numbers of alpha granules and dense bodies were significantly decreased. Glycogen particles became rare or even disappeared. Giant platelets occasionally appeared. The Golgi apparatus was more often visible and the number of mitochondria was significantly increased. Ketoprofen pretreatment lowered PAF-induced thrombocytopenia and decrease in the number of dense bodies. Under these conditions, the Golgi apparatus was rarely visible and giant platelets were not observed. These results showed that the morphological ultrastructure of blood platelets in bovines were modified following PAF infusion and that ketoprofen pretreatment before PAF infusion provided partial protection, limiting the extent of the morphological alterations and maintaining a normal platelet count [less ▲]

Combined Effect of Web 2086 (Paf Antagonist) and Ketoprofen (Nsaid) on Paf-Induced Ex Vivo Platelet Aggregation in Bovine

in Journal of Veterinary Medicine. A, Physiology, Pathology, Clinical Medicine (1997), 44(2), 65-71

The effect of the specific PAF-antagonist WEB 2086, a thieno-triazolo-diazepine, and ketoprofen, a NSAID, was investigated on PAF-induced bovine platelet aggregation measured ex vivo in platelet-rich ... [more ▼]

The effect of the specific PAF-antagonist WEB 2086, a thieno-triazolo-diazepine, and ketoprofen, a NSAID, was investigated on PAF-induced bovine platelet aggregation measured ex vivo in platelet-rich plasma (PRP). WEB 2086 was infused intravenously over 1 min followed immediately by ketoprofen administration over 1 s (both drugs = 3 mg/kg), in a group of six healthy male Friesian calves. Depending on the PAF concentration, a reversible (10(-8)-10(-9) mol/l) and irreversible (10(-5)-10(-7) mol/l) platelet aggregation was observed. The reversible aggregation was completely blocked by pretreatment of the animal with WEB 2086 and ketoprofen. The inhibitory effects observed during the irreversible aggregation were 47.22%, 54.00% and 88.00% at 10(-5), 10(-6) and 10(-7) mol/l PAF, respectively. Moreover, the aggregation obtained in these condition became reversible. Maximal inhibitory effect of WEB 2086 and ketoprofen on PAF-induced platelet aggregation in calves was observed within 30 min after administration of both drugs. This inhibition persisted even after 24 h and was significantly different from control with P < 0.05. The combined effect of both drugs exceeded the sum of the individual effects (synergism). It was concluded that WEB 2086 and ketoprofen very effectively blocked PAF-induced bovine platelet aggregation in platelet-rich plasma. The study also suggested a synergism between both substances. [less ▲]