POLLEN DISPERSAL ABILITIES OF ALS TARGET-SITE RESISTANT BLACK-GRASS (ALOPECURUS MYOSUROIDES HUDS.)

Poster (2011, September 05)

Target-Site Resistant (TSR) black-grass individuals were introduced in a field, at different growing stages to be synchronised with autochthonous population. Patches of susceptible black-grass were ... [more ▼]

Target-Site Resistant (TSR) black-grass individuals were introduced in a field, at different growing stages to be synchronised with autochthonous population. Patches of susceptible black-grass were created by setting protective canvas on few areas (from 0,5 up to 32m²), during herbicide spraying and they were removed afterwards. Those patches were disposed along rays starting from the introduction point at distances from 2 to 128 meters. In those patches, local black-grass grew regularly and was able to receive some pollen from the resistant individuals, located in the centered emitting area. The herbicide field treatment (mesosulfuron+iodosulfuron : 15+3 g.a.i.ha-1) was efficient, confirming that the local population is susceptible to ALS inhibitors, was preceded by another herbicide treatment targeting only broad-leaves weeds, performed on the entire field, including patches, such as the rest of cultural practices such as fertilization, and fungicide and insecticide treatment. All seeds were harvested in each patches separately and tested in glasshouse. Seed samples were sprayed with sulfometuron, herbicide active ingredient known not to be affected by non-target site resistance, in a way to detect the percentage of resistant black-grass that can be engendered after the introduction of TSR individuals and to determine the distance resistant pollen can cover. DNA analyses were performed on surviving plants to confirm the presence of the mutation. [less ▲]

Carbon balance of crops: overview of 7 years of investigation

in Geophysical Research Abstracts (2011, April 08), 13

Etude de l'impact de la gestion culturale sur la respiration d'un sol agricole

Conference (2011, February 23)

6. Lutte contre les maladies - 2.3. Réduire la pression des maladies: impact pratique des "leviers agronomiques"

in Livre Blanc: Céréales - Gembloux (2011, February 23)

5. Les régulateurs de croissance

in Livre Blanc: Céréales - Gembloux (2011, February 23)

11. Perspectives - L'agriculture de précision, ou outil en aide à la gestion des apports en engrais azotés

in Livre Blanc: Céréales - Gembloux (2011, February 23)

Comparison of carbon fluxes, growth and productivity of a winter wheat crop in three contrasting growing seasons

in Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment (2011), 141

Three winter wheat growing seasons were compared in order to analyse crop development, CO2 fluxes and inter-annual variability in productivity. Crop development monitoring, leaf scale measurements and ... [more ▼]

Three winter wheat growing seasons were compared in order to analyse crop development, CO2 fluxes and inter-annual variability in productivity. Crop development monitoring, leaf scale measurements and continuous eddy-covariance measurements were conducted in a production crop at the Lonzée experimental site in Belgium. The 3 years were characterised by similar soil proprieties (same site), similar management (sowing, harvesting, plant protection and nitrogen application, adhering to regional standards), and the use of recommended cultivars (the most productive ones for this region). The comparison of carbon fluxes, growth and productivity in the three growing seasons highlighted mechanisms affected by meteorological conditions and, in some cases, modulated by a cultivar effect. In particular, it was shown that (a) precociousness or lateness in stage development was triggered mainly by cumulated temperature during winter and early spring; (b) early development in one season could explain the larger ecosystem net carbon sequestration that year, but had no impact on grain yield; (c) low grain yield in one season was the result of a complex mechanism including drought in early spring, which hindered flag leaf development, and moist conditions in late spring, which restrained radiation and favoured the development of fungal diseases. In all cases, it was found that grain yield could not be related to gross primary productivity or net ecosystem exchange, suggesting that reallocation and translocation processes play a substantial role in grain filling. [less ▲]

ETUDE DE L’HÉRÉDITÉ DE LA RÉSISTANCE PAR MUTATION DE CIBLE AUX HERBICIDES INHIBITEURS DE L’ALS CHEZ LE VULPIN DES CHAMPS (ALOPECURUS MYOSUROIDES HUDS.)

in Annales de la 21ème Conférence du COLUMA journées internationales sur la lutte contre les mauvaises herbes (2010, December 08)

Target-site resistance heredity in black-grass was assessed by observing the percentage of resistant individuals engendered by crossings. After germination, plants were genotyped as homo- or heterozygote ... [more ▼]

Target-site resistance heredity in black-grass was assessed by observing the percentage of resistant individuals engendered by crossings. After germination, plants were genotyped as homo- or heterozygote for the W574 mutation on the ALS gene, which induces herbicide resistance. Individuals were then transplanted outdoor and crossed between one another and with other individuals issued from a population known as susceptible. To avoid an external pollen contamination, plants were enclosed within pollen-proof clothing during flowering time. Allogamy rate was also tested, by isolating heads one by one. Seeds issued from these crossings were collected and tested in glasshouses. Their DNA was also analysed. [less ▲]

Implantation des cultures

in Livre Blanc: Céréales - Gembloux - Informations avant les semis (2010, September 09)

Variétés - 2. Escourgeon et Orge d’hiver fourragers

in Livre Blanc: Céréales - Gembloux - Informations avant les semis (2010, September 09)