Une approche cognitive dans l'évaluation et la rééducation en neuropsychologie

in Rondal, Jean-Adolphe (Ed.) Introduction à la psychologie scientifique (1999)

Les troubles cognitifs consécutifs à un trauma crânien léger chez l'enfant

in Percentile (1999), 4

Evaluation et prise en charge des déficits cognitifs dans la maladie d'Alzheimer

in L'agenda Psychiatrie (1999), 11

Mémoire de travail et lobes frontaux

in Van der Linden, Martial; Le Gall, Didier; Seron, Xavier (Eds.) et al Neuropsychologie des lobes frontaux (1999)

Executive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease

in Cortex : A Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System & Behavior (1999), 35(1), 57-72

Executive functioning was examined in 20 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 20 normal elderly subjects. The results showed that AD patients present lower performance compared to control subjects ... [more ▼]

Executive functioning was examined in 20 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 20 normal elderly subjects. The results showed that AD patients present lower performance compared to control subjects in all executive tasks, confirming that some executive deficits may be present in the first stages of the disease. A factorial analysis suggested that these deficits can be related to two domains of the executive functions: the inhibition abilities and the capacity to co-ordinate simultaneously storage and processing of information. Moreover, the performance on these factors is correlated to different anterior and posterior cortical areas. [less ▲]

The neural correlates of updating information in verbal working memory

in Memory (1999), 7(5-6), 549-560

The aim of the present study was to re-examine cerebral areas subserving the updating function of the central executive with a running span task requiring subjects to watch strings of consonants of ... [more ▼]

The aim of the present study was to re-examine cerebral areas subserving the updating function of the central executive with a running span task requiring subjects to watch strings of consonants of unknown length and then to recall serially a specific number of recent items. In order to dissociate more precisely the updating process from the storage function, a four-item instead of a six-item memory load was used, contrary to our previous study (Salmon et al., 1996). In addition, a serial recall procedure was preferred to a recognition procedure in order to suppress the use of visuospatial strategies. The most significant increase of rCBF occurred in the left frontopolar cortex (Brodmann's area 10), spreading to the left middle frontal (Brodmann's area 46). Results suggest that frontopolar activation underlies an updating process in working memory. [less ▲]

Confabulations: Rôle de la mémoire de source et de l'inhibition

in Revue de Neuropsychologie (1999), 9

A cognitive neuropsychological approach to spatial memory deficits in brain-damaged patients

in Foreman, N. (Ed.) Handbook of spatial research paradigms and methodologies. Vol. 2 (1998)

Lobe frontal, mémoire de travail et mémoire épisodique

in Azouvi, Philippe; Bussel, B. (Eds.) Syndrome frontal : évaluation et rééducation : actes des 11e Entretiens de l'Institut Garches (1998)

Preserved artificial grammar learning in Parkinson's disease

in Brain & Cognition (1998), 37(1), 109-112

Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and matched control subjects were compared in an artificial grammar learning task. The test strings were constructed in such a way that grammaticality judgments could not ... [more ▼]

Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and matched control subjects were compared in an artificial grammar learning task. The test strings were constructed in such a way that grammaticality judgments could not be based on some superficial features of the learning strings: the grammatical and nongrammatical test strings did not differ according to different measures of chunk strength (based on the frequency with which their bigrams and trigrams appear in the learning strings). Results show that PD patients and controls performed at the same level during the first presentation of the test strings series, which suggests that the striatum is not (crucially) implicated in the ability to abstract rules implicitly from exemplars generated by a finite-state grammar. However, and contrary to control subjects, the classification performance of PD patients was at chance during the second presentation of the test strings. We argue that this latter result could be the consequence of the attentional deficit of PD patients. [less ▲]