References of "Schiffers, Bruno"
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See detailPesticide residues in ACP countries: Hwo the process of harmonizing regulations on pesticide residues in EU ca affect crop protocols in ACP countries
Schiffers, Bruno ULg

in Abstracts 58th International Symposium on Crop Protection (2006, May)

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See detailWind tunnel protocol for spray drift assessment
stainier, Charles; Lebeau, Frédéric ULg; Destain, Marie-France ULg et al

Conference (2006, April 11)

The objective of wind tunnel protocol is to measure spray drift in a reproducible way in order to evaluate the relative drift potential

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See detailExperimental evaluation of a spray drift Gaussian tilting plume model.
Stainier, Charles; Robaye, Vincent ULg; Destain, Marie-France ULg et al

in Aspects of Applied Biology (2006), 77(2), 365-370

This paper evaluates the application of a Gaussian tilting plume model to study agricultural spraying drift. The spray drift deposit of each droplet diameter class, measured by a laser particle analyser ... [more ▼]

This paper evaluates the application of a Gaussian tilting plume model to study agricultural spraying drift. The spray drift deposit of each droplet diameter class, measured by a laser particle analyser, is computed independently and summed to give footprint results for different nozzle. The methodology is used to model the drift from a fiat fan nozzle operating in a wind tunnel. Discrepancies with experimental data and the potential for further improvement of this approach are discussed. [less ▲]

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See detailEffect of the entrained air and initial droplet velocity on the release height parameter of a Gaussian spray drift model.
Stainier, C.; Destain, Marie-France ULg; Schiffers, Bruno ULg et al

in Communications in Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences (2006), 71(2 Pt A),

The increased concern about environmental effect of off-target deposits of pesticides use has resulted in the development of numerous spray drift models. Statistical models based on experimental field ... [more ▼]

The increased concern about environmental effect of off-target deposits of pesticides use has resulted in the development of numerous spray drift models. Statistical models based on experimental field studies are used to estimate off-target deposits for different sprayers in various environmental conditions. Random-walk and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models have been used to predict the effect of operational parameters and were extensively validated in wind tunnel. A third group, Gaussian dispersion models have been used for several years for the environmental assessment of the pesticide spray drift, mainly for aerial application. When these models were used for the evaluation of boom sprayer spray drift, their predictions were found unreliable in the short range, were the initial release conditions of the droplets have a significant effect on the spray deposits. For longer ranges, the results were found consistent with the field measurements as the characteristics of the source have a reduced influence on the small droplets drift. Three major parameters must be taken into account in order to define realistic initial conditions of the droplets in a spray drift model: the spray pattern of the nozzle, the boom movements and the effect of entrained air and droplet velocities. To take theses parameters into account in a Gaussian model, the nozzle droplet size distribution measured with a Malvern laser particle analyser was used to divide the nozzle output into several size classes. The spray deposits of each diameter class was computed for each successive position of the nozzle combining the nozzle spray distribution with drift computed with a Gaussian tilting plume model. The summation of these footprints resulted in the global drift of the nozzle. For increasing droplet size, the release height used in the Gaussian model was decreased from nozzle height to ground level using an experimental law to take into account the effect of entrained air and droplet initial velocity. The experimental law was adjusted on 2m/s wind tunnel measurements and robustness was evaluated for 1 and 4 m/s. [less ▲]

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See detailDroplet Size Spectra And Drift Effect Of Two Phenmedipham Formulations And Four Adjuvants Mixtures
Stainier, C.; Destain, Marie-France ULg; Schiffers, Bruno ULg et al

in Crop Protection (2006), 25(12),

Relative drift potential was evaluated for three types of hydraulic nozzles (a flat-fan nozzle, a hollow cone nozzle and an air induction nozzle) spraying different liquids: water, emulsifiable ... [more ▼]

Relative drift potential was evaluated for three types of hydraulic nozzles (a flat-fan nozzle, a hollow cone nozzle and an air induction nozzle) spraying different liquids: water, emulsifiable concentrate (EC) and suspension concentrate (SC) formulations of phenmedipham dispersed in water, with or without addition of 4 different tank-mix adjuvants. The droplet size spectra were measured for these 15 spray mixtures using a Malvern Particle Sizer and characterised by the Volume Median Diameter (VMD) and the percentage of liquid contained in droplets less than 100 m (% < 100 m). Horizontal ground drift was measured in a wind tunnel, on glass fibre collectors using a fluorescent tracer dye technique. The relative drift of each spray mixture was characterised by the Drifted Part (DP) which is the part of the sprayed volume drifted between 2 and 6 metres. Although the nozzle type was the predominating parameter regarding to the droplet size spectra and the DP, differences were observed due to the liquids characteristics. The EC formulation produced a smaller droplet size and a greater DP than the SC formulation whatever the tank mix adjuvant used. For the different spray mixtures, the DP was poorly correlated to the VMD or the % < 100 m. However, correlations between the VMD, the % < 100 m and the DP of the flat-fan nozzle and of the hollow cone nozzle were significant. This suggests that a reference nozzle could be used to estimate the drift potential of other nozzle with a similar liquid sheet break-up mechanism. [less ▲]

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See detailBuilding a selectivity list of plant protection products on beneficial arthropods in open field: a clear example with potato crop.
Hautier, Louis; Jansen, Jean-Pierre; Mabon, Nicolas et al

in Bulletin Oilb/Srop (2006), 29(10), 21-32

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See detailThe PIP training programme: building of ACP experts capacities in crop protection and food safety to support local companies to comply with EU regulations on pesticides residues.
Schiffers, Bruno ULg; Schubert, Annick; Schiffers, Christophe ULg et al

in Communications in agricultural and applied biological sciences (2006), 71(2A), 39-48

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See detailModelling the spray drift by a modified Gaussian tilting plume model.
Stainier, Charles; Robaye, Vincent ULg; Schiffers, Bruno ULg et al

in Aspects of Applied Biology (2006), 77(2), 281-287

The increased concern about environmental effect of pesticides use has resulted in abundant research on spray drift. Spray drift modelling has been developed to get a better understanding of the ... [more ▼]

The increased concern about environmental effect of pesticides use has resulted in abundant research on spray drift. Spray drift modelling has been developed to get a better understanding of the parameters involved and better estimation of the off-target spray deposit. Two groups of models have received extensive a.ttention: Random-walk and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models have been used to predict the effect of: nozzle height, spray pressure, wind speed,... and were v.alidated with wind tunnels trials. Statistical models based on field trials results have been developed to estimate off-target spray deposit for different sprayers in various environmental conditions. A third group, Gaussian dispersion models, have received early attention in spray drift modelling but are not so popular, despite their international success in environmental pollution modelling. The adaptation of such a model to ground spraying is proposed. The nozzle droplet size distribution measured with a Malvern laser particle analyser is used to divide the nozzle output into several size classes. The spray deposit (or footprint) of each diameter class is computed. The summation of these footprints results in the global drift of the nozzle. The methodology is applied to derive the drift of a.flat fan nozzle located in a wind tunnel and the potential of this approach is discussed. [less ▲]

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See detailEffect of tank mixed adjuvants on the drift potential of phenmedipham formulations.
Stainier, Charles; Destain, Marie-France ULg; Schiffers, Bruno ULg et al

in Communications in agricultural and applied biological sciences (2005), 70(4), 979-987

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See detailSelectivity lists of pesticides to beneficial arthropods for IPM programs in carrot--first results.
Hautier, L.; Jansen, J.-P.; Mabon, N. et al

in Communications in agricultural and applied biological sciences (2005), 70(4),

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See detailETUDE PAR IMAGERIE NUMERIQUE ET GRANULOMETRIE LASER DE L'INFLUENCE DE HUIT ADJUVANTS SUR LA FORMATION DU JET DE PULVERISATION POUR TROIS TYPES DE BUSES.
Stainier, Charles; Lebeau, Frédéric ULg; Straet, S. et al

Conference (2004, March 11)

The liquid sheet characteristics as a function of the adjuvant were measured using digital images. The droplet size distribution was measured using a Malvern particle size analyser. It appears that the ... [more ▼]

The liquid sheet characteristics as a function of the adjuvant were measured using digital images. The droplet size distribution was measured using a Malvern particle size analyser. It appears that the dynamical surface tension plays a critical role in the spray formation. Spray formulation containing Li-700, Silwet L-77, Flofix and Actirob are characterised by a lower dynamical surface tension than those containing Tensiofix D03, Trend 90, Frigate and Break-thru S240. For the three agricultural spray nozzles tested and in comparaison with pure water, the first group shortened the length of the liquid sheet before a perforation break-up mode when the second group lengthened it slightly before a wave disintegration break-up mode. The lengthening of the liquid sheet, is followed by a diminution of the VMD. [less ▲]

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See detailOrigine et impact des risques biologiques, physiques et chimiques
Samb, Babacar; Schiffers, Bruno ULg

in Proceedings Bio-Scope - Atelier "Responsable Assurance Qualité Totale" (2003)

La préservation de la santé des consommateurs est devenue une préoccupation majeure en ce début de nouveau millénaire marqué par le poids de la société civile en général et des ligues de consommateurs en ... [more ▼]

La préservation de la santé des consommateurs est devenue une préoccupation majeure en ce début de nouveau millénaire marqué par le poids de la société civile en général et des ligues de consommateurs en particulier. Les exigences en termes de qualité sanitaire et de traçabilité, qui figurent non seulement dans des réglementations toujours plus strictes mais aussi dans des référentiels de qualité ou des cahiers de charge imposés aux producteurs, traduisent la volonté des consommateurs européens de savoir où, comment et quand les aliments qu'ils ont dans leur assiette ont été produits. [less ▲]

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See detailCaractérisation de la résistance au Sénégal d'Helicoverpa armigera Hubner (Lépidoptère, Noctuidae) par bioessai et méthodes moléculaires
Moreira, Christine; Schiffers, Bruno ULg; Haubruge, Eric ULg

in AFPP - 6ème Conférence Internationale sur les Ravageurs en Agriculture (2002, December)

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See detailEtablissement de listes de sélectivité de pesticides vis-à-vis de l'entomofaune utile dans le cadre de la production intégrée en grandes cultures
Schiffers, Bruno ULg; Deleu, Rodolphe; Viatour, N. et al

in AFPP - 6ème conférence Internationale sur les Ravageurs en Agriculture (2002, December)

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See detailCaractérisation de la résistance au Sénégal d'Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lépidoptère, Noctuidae) par bioessai et méthodes moléculaires
Moreira, Christine; Schiffers, Bruno ULg; Haubruge, Eric ULg

in Parasitica (2002), 58(2-3-4), 89-98

Un vial-test de détection de la résistance à la cyperméthrine d'Helicoverpa armigera a été vulgarisé (Programme PR-PRAO) en Afrique de l'Ouest (flacon en verre imprégné). Cette étude montre qu'à des ... [more ▼]

Un vial-test de détection de la résistance à la cyperméthrine d'Helicoverpa armigera a été vulgarisé (Programme PR-PRAO) en Afrique de l'Ouest (flacon en verre imprégné). Cette étude montre qu'à des températures de 30°C et 54°C, 4 pyréthrinoïdes et 2 organophosphorés se dégradent rapidement dans les flacons en verre. Un "kit" est présenté sous forme d'un papier filtre traité enveloppé dans une feuille d'aluminium. Il possède une bien meilleure stabilité au stockage (sur 50 jours). Des tests moléculaires, réalisés sur une souche d'H. armigera issue du Sénégal, révèlent deux mutations (la sérine remplacée par l'acide glutamique et l'acide aspartique par la valine) au niveau du gène codant pour le canal sodium voltage dépendant, cible principale des pyréthrinoïdes. [less ▲]

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See detailEvaluation du risque de toxicite de pesticides vis-a-vis de trois insectes auxiliaires (Adalia bipunctata, Aphidius rhopalosiphi et Episyrphus balteatus) par le dosage chimique des residus.
Copin, A.; Latteur, G.; Deleu, R. et al

Book published by Ministere des Classes Moyennes et de l'Agriculture, Service Information - Bibliotheque (2001)

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See detailEvaluation de l'efficacité de la lutte chimique contre Helicoverpa armigera sur le cotonnier durant la campagne agricole 1996 au Burkina Faso
Toé, A.M.; Héma, S.A.O.; Schiffers, Bruno ULg

in Etudes et Recherches Sahéliennes (2000), 4-5

ln 1996, the cotton subsector in Burkina Faso experienced a great crisis which was drama-like here and there. An exceptionally high infestation of cotton plants by the main pest, Helicoverpa armigera (a ... [more ▼]

ln 1996, the cotton subsector in Burkina Faso experienced a great crisis which was drama-like here and there. An exceptionally high infestation of cotton plants by the main pest, Helicoverpa armigera (a density of 167n500 worms par hectare) on treated plots whereas the theoretical intervention threshold is ranging from 5,000 to 12,500 Army-worms per hectare could not be controlled by the released insecticides. This year, the infestation intensity was at least sirnilar with the one of the year 1991 in which harvest losses had been estimated at 50,000 tons of seed cotton (NIBOUCHE 1994), i.e. a loss of about 20 billion francs CFA. The aftermath was really heavy for the productucers, SOFITEX and the Burkina state. Four years later, well informed and well-advised experts take into consideration the natural factors and hurnan opcrational factors that are the source of this economie drarna : findings from two independent expert reports produced according to Laboratory Good Pratices (GLP) at the request of civil society on sorne pesticides, highlited concordantly their poor quality (low active ingredient. content, poor quality of formulations). This work, whilst restoring truth in a fair and unbiased way, states the reasons for our past and current failures as weil as the reasons for our future successes. By proposing a new approach to studies on the efficacy of cotton insecticides, tbis work contributes to the seeking of a better phytosanitary protection for cotton in the countries of the sub-region. [less ▲]

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See detailApports de l'assistance technique ("Programmes de Stewardship") pour une utilisation plus rationnelle et une réduction des risques des pesticides au Sahel (Mali, Burkina Faso et Tchad)
Schiffers, Bruno ULg; Deuse, J.; Ashenaffi, T. et al

in Mededelingen van de Faculteit Landbouwkundige en Toegepaste Biologische Wetenschappen (Rijksuniversiteit te Gent) (2000)

L'assistance technique dite «programme de stewardship» a été initiée par les donateurs au Rwanda en 1998, avec l'aide du Consortium IPHYTROP, conformément aux «Lignes directrices sur l'aide et l ... [more ▼]

L'assistance technique dite «programme de stewardship» a été initiée par les donateurs au Rwanda en 1998, avec l'aide du Consortium IPHYTROP, conformément aux «Lignes directrices sur l'aide et l'environnement N"6" de l'OCDE (1995). Elle vise à accompagner les achats de pesticides et à responsabiliser tous les acteurs de la filière et en priorité les producteurs. Pour la première fois durant la campagne 1999/2000, au Mali, au Burkina Faso et au Tchad, un programme de stewardship complet destiné aux utilisateurs de pesticides a été réalisé dans le cadre des Appels d'Offres pour l'achat des produits phytosanitaires. Ce programme, financé par SENCHIM-AG, a été proposé afin d'apporter d'une part, un complément de formation technique en matière de lutte phytosanitaire et d'autre part, de communiquer sur le terrain aux encadreurs et aux agriculteurs les éléments essentiels sur les produits fournis et à les conscientiser quant aux risques liés à l'utilisation des produits phytosanitaires (insecticides, herbicides, fongicides). C'est l'intérêt de tous les acteurs d'accompagner désormais systématiquement les livraisons de produits phytosanitaires de tels programmes de formation. L'article se propose d'exposer le programme réalisé, les. contraintes rencontrées et les enseignements tirés de ces trois premières expériences. [less ▲]

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See detailLe neem et la lutte integree.
Schiffers, Bruno ULg

in Echos du COTA (1999), (84),

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See detailInfluence of some experimental factors on the evaluation of the sensitivity of Aphidius rhopalosiphi De Stefani-Perez to phosalone.
Guelton, O.; Mahaut, T.; Deleu, R. et al

in Mededelingen van de Faculteit Landbouwkundige en Toegepaste Biologische Wetenschappen (Rijksuniversiteit te Gent) (1999), 64(3a),

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