Showing results 281 to 300 of 338
 Intérêt d'une procédure de rappel indicé à 48 items dans le diagnostic précoce de la maladie d'Alzheimer; Adam, Stéphane  ; et alin Revue Neurologique (1999, October 01), 155(Supplément 3), 63-64 Detailed reference viewed: 6 (0 ULg)Une trajectoire des déficits cognitifs dans la maladie d'AlzheimerCollette, Fabienne ; Van der Linden, Martial ; Salmon, Eric Conference (1999, September) Detailed reference viewed: 4 (1 ULg)Early thalamic and cortical hypometabolism in adult-onset dementia due to metachromatic leukodystrophySalmon, Eric ; Van der Linden, Martial ; Maertens De Noordhout, Alain et alin Acta Neurologica Belgica (1999), 99(3), 185-188 A case of early-onset adult dementia with family history of dementia is reported, characterised by neuropsychological deficits, suggesting frontal involvement, with mild non specific white matter ... [more ▼] A case of early-onset adult dementia with family history of dementia is reported, characterised by neuropsychological deficits, suggesting frontal involvement, with mild non specific white matter abnormalities on CT scan. Familial Alzheimer's disease was suspected but the neuropathological diagnosis on brain biopsy was metachromatic leukodystrophy. 18FDG-PET revealed a very peculiar pattern of metabolic impairment in thalamic areas, in medial and frontopolar regions, and in occipital lobes. Neuropsychological follow-up showed relatively stable difficulties of long-term memory and signs of frontal lobe dysfunction, similar to those observed in subcortical dementias. MRI subsequently showed periventricular leukoencephalopathy. The brain metabolic pattern observed in that case of metachromatic leukodystrophy was quite different from that reported in other types of dementia. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 32 (17 ULg)Methodological Issues in a Cost-of-Dementia Study in Belgium: The National Dementia Economic Study (Nades); ; et al in Acta Neurologica Belgica (1999), 99(3), 167-75 The NAtional Dementia Economic Study (NADES) is an on-going prospective, one-year cohort study developed in Belgium to assess the socio-economic consequences of dementia in a group of patients and their ... [more ▼] The NAtional Dementia Economic Study (NADES) is an on-going prospective, one-year cohort study developed in Belgium to assess the socio-economic consequences of dementia in a group of patients and their caregivers (n = 400). Comparison is made with a group of subjects with cognitive impairment and no dementia (n = 100) and a group of subjects without any cognitive impairment (n = 100). Recruitment of subjects is based on screening of warning signs of dementia by general practitioners, followed by a Cambridge Mental Disorders of the Elderly Examination (CAMDEX) performed at home. This paper presents an overview of the study protocol and the rationale for basic design options, such as the choice of study population, screening strategy, and methods used for the case validation. It also presents preliminary results on the prevalence of dementia in general practice, the sensitivity and specificity of the warning signs as a screening test of dementia, and the validity of a computerised case ascertainment algorithm based on DSM-III-R criteria. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 6 (0 ULg) Comparison of impaired subcortico-frontal metabolic networks in normal aging, subcortico-frontal dementia, and cortical frontal dementialGarraux, Gaëtan ; Salmon, Eric ; Degueldre, Christian et alin Neuroimage (1999), 10(2), 149-162 Normal aging, progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are characterized by different degrees of decline in frontal lobe functions. We used (18)FDG-PET and statistical ... [more ▼] Normal aging, progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are characterized by different degrees of decline in frontal lobe functions. We used (18)FDG-PET and statistical parametric mapping (SPM96) to compare relative subcorticofrontal metabolic impairment at rest in 21 healthy elderly subjects (HES), 20 PSP patients, and 6 FTD patients. When HES were compared to 22 healthy young subjects, widespread decrease in metabolism was observed in bilateral medial prefrontal areas including anterior cingulate cortices, in dorsolateral prefrontal areas, in left lateral premotor area, in Broca's area, and in left insula. In PSP compared to the 43 healthy subjects (HS), we observed subcorticofrontal metabolic impairment including both motor and cognitive neural networks. Impairment of functional connections between midbrain tegmentum and cerebellar, temporal and pallidal regions was demonstrated in PSP as compared to HS. When comparing FTD to HS, glucose uptake was primarily reduced in dorsolateral and ventrolateral prefrontal cortices and in frontopolar and anterior cingulate regions. There was also bilateral anterior temporal, right inferior parietal, and bilateral striatal hypometabolism. Finally, FTD showed more severe striatofrontal metabolic impairment than PSP, while mesencephalothalamic involvement was only observed in PSP. Our data suggest that subcorticofrontal metabolic impairment is distributed in distinct subcorticocortical networks in normal aging, PSP, and FTD. Subcorticofrontal dementia in PSP is related to hypometabolism in discrete frontal areas, which are probably disconnected from certain subcortical structures. The concept of subcortical dementia is reinforced by our data, which show disrupted functional connections between mesencephalon and cerebellar cortex, inferior and medial temporal regions, and pallidum. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 11 (1 ULg) Phonological loop and central executive functioning in Alzheimer's diseaseCollette, Fabienne ; Van der Linden, Martial ; Bechet, Sophie et alin Neuropsychologia (1999), 37(8), 905-918 The phonological loop and central executive functioning were examined in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in normal elderly subjects. AD patients showed abnormal functioning of the phonological ... [more ▼] The phonological loop and central executive functioning were examined in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in normal elderly subjects. AD patients showed abnormal functioning of the phonological loop and decreased performance on tasks assessing the central executive. However, when AD patients were separated into two groups on the basis of their span level, both groups showed deficits of the central executive but only patients with the lower span level presented a dysfunction of the phonological loop as well as impaired performance in tasks of phonological discrimination, articulation rate and speed of processing. These results are interpreted in terms of progression of the disease, with high-span level patients being less severely demented and displaying deficits only in higher-level cognitive functions (such as manipulation of information stored in working memory) whereas patients with a low span level have impairments encompassing a series of more basic processes. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 36 (0 ULg)Exploration of implicit artificial grammar learning in Parkinson's diseasePeigneux, Philippe ; Meulemans, Thierry ; Van der Linden, Martial et alin Acta Neurologica Belgica (1999), 99(2), 107-117 Detailed reference viewed: 23 (4 ULg)Etude des processus inhibiteurs au moyen de l'épreuve de HaylingCollette, Fabienne ; Van der Linden, Martial ; et alConference (1999, May) Detailed reference viewed: 8 (1 ULg)Intervention de la mémoire à long terme dans des tâches de mémoire de travailCollette, Fabienne ; Van der Linden, Martial ; et alConference (1999, May) Detailed reference viewed: 7 (1 ULg)Regional brain activity during tasks devoted to the central executive of working memoryCollette, Fabienne ; Salmon, Eric ; Van der Linden, Martial et alin Cognitive Brain Research (1999), 7(3), 411-417 Most previous PET studies investigating the central executive (CE) component of working memory found activation in the prefrontal cortex. However, the tasks used did not always permit to distinguish ... [more ▼] Most previous PET studies investigating the central executive (CE) component of working memory found activation in the prefrontal cortex. However, the tasks used did not always permit to distinguish precisely the functions of the CE from the storage function of the slave systems. The aim of the present study was to isolate brain areas that subserve manipulation of information by the CE when the influence of storage function was removed. A PET activation study was performed with four cognitive tasks, crossing conditions of temporary storage and manipulation of information. The manipulation of information induced an activation in the right (BA 10/46) and left (BA 9/6) middle frontal gyrus and in the left parietal area (BA7). The interaction between the storage and manipulation conditions did not reveal any significant changes in activation. These results are in agreement with the hypothesis that CE functions are distributed between anterior and posterior brain areas, but could also reflect a simultaneous involvement of controlled (frontal) and automatic (parietal) attentional systems. In the other hand, the absence of interaction between the storage and manipulation conditions demonstrates that the CE is not necessarily related to the presence of a memory load. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 60 (0 ULg)Intérêt d'une procédure de rappel indicé à 48 items dans le diagnostic précoce de la maladie d'Alzheimer; Adam, Stéphane ; et alin Revue Neurologique (1999), 155 Detailed reference viewed: 10 (2 ULg)L'imagerie fonctionnelle cérébraleSalmon, Eric ; Collette, Fabienne ; et alin Médecine et Hygiène (1999), 57 Detailed reference viewed: 5 (1 ULg)Executive dysfunction in Alzheimer's diseaseCollette, Fabienne ; Van der Linden, Martial ; Salmon, Eric in Cortex : A Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System & Behavior (1999), 35(1), 57-72 Executive functioning was examined in 20 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 20 normal elderly subjects. The results showed that AD patients present lower performance compared to control subjects ... [more ▼] Executive functioning was examined in 20 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 20 normal elderly subjects. The results showed that AD patients present lower performance compared to control subjects in all executive tasks, confirming that some executive deficits may be present in the first stages of the disease. A factorial analysis suggested that these deficits can be related to two domains of the executive functions: the inhibition abilities and the capacity to co-ordinate simultaneously storage and processing of information. Moreover, the performance on these factors is correlated to different anterior and posterior cortical areas. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 176 (16 ULg)Fluorodopa uptake and glucose metabolism in early stages of corticobasal degeneration.Laureys, Steven ; Salmon, Eric ; Garraux, Gaëtan et alin Journal of Neurology (1999), 246(12), 1151-8 Fluorodopa (FDOPA) and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET was performed in six patients in early stages of corticobasal degeneration (CBD) and compared to Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with a similar degree ... [more ▼] Fluorodopa (FDOPA) and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET was performed in six patients in early stages of corticobasal degeneration (CBD) and compared to Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with a similar degree of bradykinesia and rigidity and to healthy controls. Statistical parametric mapping analysis comparing CBD to controls showed metabolic decrease in premotor, primary motor, supplementary motor, primary sensory, prefrontal, and parietal associative cortices, and in caudate and thalamus contralateral to the side of clinical signs. Except for the prefrontal regions a similar metabolic pattern was observed when CBD was compared to PD. Putamen FDOPA uptake was decreased in both CBD and PD. Caudate FDOPA uptake in CBD patients was decreased contralateral to clinical signs when compared to controls, but was higher than in PD. In early stages of CBD, FDOPA and FDG PET patterns differed from those observed in PD. In CBD the asymmetry in FDOPA uptake was less pronounced than that of clinical signs or metabolic impairment. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 14 (1 ULg)Impairment of neocortical metabolism predicts progression in Alzheimer's disease; ; Salmon, Eric et alin Dementia & Geriatric Cognitive Disorders (1999), 10(6), 494-504 Studied prediction of progression rates of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a prospective multicenter cohort study of 186 patients (mean age 63.2 yrs) with possible or probable AD, mostly with presenile onset ... [more ▼] Studied prediction of progression rates of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a prospective multicenter cohort study of 186 patients (mean age 63.2 yrs) with possible or probable AD, mostly with presenile onset. In a cross-sectional analysis at entry, impairment of glucose metabolism in temporoparietal or frontal association areas measured with positron emission tomography was significantly associated with dementia severity, clinical classification as possible vs probable AD, presence of multiple cognitive deficits and history of progression. A prospective longitudinal analysis showed a significant association between initial metabolic impairment and subsequent clinical deterioration. In patients with mild cognitive deficits at entry, the risk of deterioration was up to 4.7 times higher if the metabolism was severely impaired than with mild or absent metabolic impairment. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 14 (1 ULg)La prise en charge en centre de jour de patients Alzheimer au stade débutantAdam, Stéphane ; Van der Linden, Martial ; et alin Azouvi, P. (Ed.) La rééducation en neuropsychologie : études de cas (1999) Detailed reference viewed: 102 (12 ULg)The neural correlates of updating information in verbal working memoryVan der Linden, Martial ; Collette, Fabienne ; Salmon, Eric et alin Memory (1999), 7(5-6), 549-560 The aim of the present study was to re-examine cerebral areas subserving the updating function of the central executive with a running span task requiring subjects to watch strings of consonants of ... [more ▼] The aim of the present study was to re-examine cerebral areas subserving the updating function of the central executive with a running span task requiring subjects to watch strings of consonants of unknown length and then to recall serially a specific number of recent items. In order to dissociate more precisely the updating process from the storage function, a four-item instead of a six-item memory load was used, contrary to our previous study (Salmon et al., 1996). In addition, a serial recall procedure was preferred to a recognition procedure in order to suppress the use of visuospatial strategies. The most significant increase of rCBF occurred in the left frontopolar cortex (Brodmann's area 10), spreading to the left middle frontal (Brodmann's area 46). Results suggest that frontopolar activation underlies an updating process in working memory. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 19 (0 ULg)Methodological issues in a cost of dementia study in Belgium (the National Dementia Economic Study); ; Scuvée-Moreau, Jacqueline et alin Acta Neurologica Belgica (1999), 99 Detailed reference viewed: 10 (0 ULg)5-HT1A Receptors visualization with p-[18F]MPPF in healthy volunteers.Plenevaux, Alain ; Lemaire, Christian ; Salmon, Eric et alin Journal of Labelled Compounds & Radiopharmaceuticals (1999), 42 Detailed reference viewed: 9 (2 ULg)FDOPA uptake and glucose metabolism in early stages of corticobasal degenerationLaureys, Steven ; Salmon, Eric ; Garraux, Gaëtan et alin Journal of Neurology (1999), 246(12), 1151-1158 Fluorodopa (FDOPA) and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET was performed in six patients in early stages of corticobasal degeneration (CBD) and compared to Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with a similar degree ... [more ▼] Fluorodopa (FDOPA) and fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET was performed in six patients in early stages of corticobasal degeneration (CBD) and compared to Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with a similar degree of bradykinesia and rigidity and to healthy controls. Statistical parametric mapping analysis comparing CBD to controls showed metabolic decrease in premotor, primary motor, supplementary motor, primary sensory, prefrontal, and parietal associative cortices, and in caudate and thalamus contralateral to the side of clinical signs. Except for the prefrontal regions a similar metabolic pattern was observed when CBD was compared to PD. Putamen FDOPA uptake was decreased in both CBD and PD. Caudate FDOPA uptake in CBD patients was decreased contralateral to clinical signs when compared to controls, but was higher than in PD. In early stages of CBD, FDOPA and FDG PET patterns differed from those observed in PD. In CBD the asymmetry in FDOPA uptake was less pronounced than that of clinical signs or metabolic impairment. [less ▲] Detailed reference viewed: 15 (0 ULg) |
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