Isolation of insecticidal proteins within the pea seeds (Pisum sativum L.)

Poster (2006, October)

Consequently with the pressure exerted by chemical pesticides on environment, and the awakening of politics, the demand for bio-pesticides is increasing. Nevertheless, supply is not sufficient, and ... [more ▼]

Consequently with the pressure exerted by chemical pesticides on environment, and the awakening of politics, the demand for bio-pesticides is increasing. Nevertheless, supply is not sufficient, and moreover those products are not competing enough. In this context, the aim of this research is to set up a biological insecticide, which is economic, with vegetal proteins resulting from alimentary industry, here the pea, Pisum sativum L.. A group of proteins, which is quite easy to highlight, is present in relatively important proportions (2%) in pea seeds, it’s the lectins class. Insecticidal effects of lectins from different organisms have already been proved. Indeed, by binding to membrane glycosyl groups of digestive tract cells, lectins can be very toxic for a lot of insects. Thus initially we focus our investigations on Pisum sativum lectins (PSL). First, PSL have been localised within the industrial process among different extraction juices. Then, a chromatography has been performed on the selected juice with FPLC technology. Although the matrix used for this chromatography, sephadex G75, is a banal bed for gel filtration, it is in this case a real combination between classical gel filtration and affinity chromatography. Indeed due the particular properties of lectins, they fixed carbonyl group of the bed and have to be eluted after the filtration part with a solution of glucose. Then the collected fractions corresponding to UV-peaks on the chromatogram were separated by electrophoresis 2D and identified by mass spectrometry (ESI MS/MS) coupled with data bank investigations. Secondly bioassays using artificial diets have been developed on Myzus persicae in the aim to study the aphicid effects of theses fractions with rm and LC50.These estimators show significant mortality rates but also change in the fecundity and in the development of nymph. [less ▲]

Mapping and polymorphism of bovine ghreline gene

in Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Animal Genetics ISAG 2006 - Biodiversity, the future pass through preservation (2006, August)

Bovine ghrelin, a 27-amino-acid peptide has been identified in bovine oxyntic glands of the abomasum. It is an endogenous growth hormone secretagogue. Total mRNA was extracted from abomasum and complete ... [more ▼]

Bovine ghrelin, a 27-amino-acid peptide has been identified in bovine oxyntic glands of the abomasum. It is an endogenous growth hormone secretagogue. Total mRNA was extracted from abomasum and complete ghrelin mRNA was sequenced by rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The gene contains five exons and four introns with a short noncoding first exon of 17 bp similar to mouse and human ghrelin gene. Using a radiation hybrid panel, the gene was mapped to chromosome 22 near microsatellite markers UWCA49, BM4102, BMS1932, BM2613 and URB035 with good LOD Score. Some studies detected different QTLs near these markers like for milk fat percent, milk protein percent and somatic cell score. So, it would be interesting to study the polymorphism on the bovine ghrelin gene. Screening for polymorphisms in the five exons and the introns II and IV on ten Belgian Blue bulls, ten Holsteins bulls and ten Limousin bulls revealed a total of three single nucleotide polymorphisms. In order to evaluate if ghrelin could be involved in genetic variation for milk fat percent, milk protein percent and somatic cell score an association study between SNPs on ghrelin gene and these traits could be performed in a major cattle population. [less ▲]

Effect of a bovine colostrum supplementation on growth performance, faecal microflora and immunological parameters of piglets at weaning

Poster (2006, May 17)

Effect Of Bovine Colostrum Supplementation On Cytokine mRNA Expression In Weaned Piglets

in 10th International symposium on digestive physiology in pigs (2006, May)

Etude moléculaire de la structure et de la fonction du produit de l'oncogène Tre2, homologue à deux protéines Ypt/Rab GAPs levuriennes, et impliqué dans différentes tumeurs humaines incluant le sarcome d'Ewing

Poster (2006)

Effets pré- et/ou probiotiques de levure métabolisant des ions minéraux sur les performances et fonctions immunes

Report (2006)

The Tre2 Oncoprotein, Implicated In Ewing'S Sarcoma, Interacts With Two Components Of The Cytoskeleton

in Biotechnology Letters (2006), 28(4),

Effect of a bovine colostrum supplementation in piglet diet at weaning on growth performances, food ingestion and faecal E. coli concentrations.

in Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science (2005, April)

Bovine colostrum supplementation in piglets diet stimulates food intake and reduces the faecal E. coli population during the first week after weaning, inducing a liveweight gain increase. A reduction of ... [more ▼]

Bovine colostrum supplementation in piglets diet stimulates food intake and reduces the faecal E. coli population during the first week after weaning, inducing a liveweight gain increase. A reduction of the food conversion ratio was also observed, suggesting a better nutrient assimilation by the piglets. [less ▲]

Effet du colostrum bovin administré à des porcelets au sevrage sur la morphologie de la paroi intestinale et sur le système immunitaire

in 37èmes journées de la recherche porcine (2005, February)

Two groups (A and B) of 6 piglets, weaned at 21 days (D0), received ad libitum the same diet during three weeks. The piglets of group A were not submitted to a colostrum supplementation while those of the ... [more ▼]

Two groups (A and B) of 6 piglets, weaned at 21 days (D0), received ad libitum the same diet during three weeks. The piglets of group A were not submitted to a colostrum supplementation while those of the group B received daily and orally 5 g of bovine colostrum. Each week, piglets were weighed and blood was taken on each one of them. One piglet of each group was sacrified on D0 and the rest of the animals on D21. Mesenteric lymph nodes (ML), iléal Peyer patches (iPP), jejunum and spleen biopsies were taken on each piglet before death. The haematological values and the intestinal histo-morphological data between the two groups were not significantly different, but FACS analyses on the lymphocytes in the biopsies and the determination of stimulation index suggested a significative effect of colostrum on the lymphocytes populations, with, in the ML, an increase of the LB population (14 % vs 28 %, P < 0,05) and, in the iPP, a reduction of the LB's (54,99 % vs 8,44 %, P < 0,01) with an increase of the LT cells (16,87 % vs 72,00 %, P < 0,001). An increase of the lymphocyte stimulation index from piglets receiving colostrum was observed the second day of in vitro stimulation with colostrum. In brief, the answer of the immunity system to bovine colostrum seems to be restricted to the intestinal immunity system and is characterised by an activation, a multiplication and a modification of the lymphocytes ratios. [less ▲]

Le bien-être et l'éthique au coeur de la relation homme-animal. Contribution de la biologie moléculaire au progrès de l'élevage.

Conference (2005, January 26)