Effect of a probioticum on exercise-induced cardio-respiratory and blood parameters changes in thoroughbred horses during training

in Proceedings of the 3rd Congress of the World Equine Veterinary Association (1993)

Comparison of the cardiac pumping capability and cardiac pumping reserve in double muscled and conventional calves

in Canadian Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology (1993), 71(12), 946-951

Hereditary muscular hypertrophy is a character that has been selected in several animal species for industrial meat production. The selection of this character in cattle produces animals of exceptional ... [more ▼]

Hereditary muscular hypertrophy is a character that has been selected in several animal species for industrial meat production. The selection of this character in cattle produces animals of exceptional commercial value but ones with a lower aerobic capacity than that of conventional cattle. The purpose of this work was to study the role of cardiac function as a potential limiting factor of aerobic capacity in double-muscled calves. Two groups of healthy calves were studied, one consisting of nine calves of conventional conformation and the other of nine double-muscled calves. Pulmonary arterial and capillary wedge, central venous, and systemic arterial pressures were measured by fluid-filled catheters and recorded together with the electrocardiogram. Cardiac output was measured by the thermodilution technique. From these measurements, the heart rate, the cardiac and the stroke indices, the pulmonary and the systemic vascular resistances, and the cardiac power output were calculated. The parameters were recorded under basal resting conditions and during incremental dobutamine challenge, which allowed determination of the resting cardiac power output, the cardiac pumping capability, and the cardiac reserve. Dobutamine challenge induced a significant rise in cardiac and stroke indices, heart rate, and cardiac power output, a significant decrease in pulmonary and systemic vascular resistances, and no change in systemic and pulmonary arterial pressures. The cardiac reserve obtained in the present study was low in comparison with those previously reported in humans, dogs, and horses. This may be related to the poor running capability of bovine species relative to that of the former species.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) [less ▲]

Comparison of three metrenperone dosage regimens inhibiting the 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced pulmonary dysfunction in cattle

in Research in Veterinary Science (1993), 55

The effects of a 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) challenge infusion on pulmonary function values were studied in healthy calves, pretreated with varying doses of metrenperone, a selective type 2 serotonergic ... [more ▼]

The effects of a 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) challenge infusion on pulmonary function values were studied in healthy calves, pretreated with varying doses of metrenperone, a selective type 2 serotonergic (5-HT2) antagonist. In the first part of the experiment, the 5-HT challenge was performed 30 minutes after administration of metrenperone at a dose of 0.025 mg kg-1 (group 1, n = 8), 0.050 mg kg-1 (group 2, n = 8) and 0.100 mg kg-1 (group 3, n = 7). In the second part, the 5-HT challenge was performed 12 hours after administration of metrenperone at a dose of 0.050 mg kg-1 (group 4, n = 5) and 0.100 mg kg-1 (group 5, n = 5). None of the three doses of metrenperone influenced the 5-HT-induced ventilatory changes. For the challenge performed 30 minutes after blockade, all three doses inhibited the bronchoconstrictive process triggered by the 5-HT challenge. There was no dose-related inhibition. On the other hand, when the challenge was performed 12 hours after metrenperone, there was a dose-related inhibition with only the higher dose (0.100 mg kg-1) showing a significant efficacy in inhibiting 5-HT-induced bronchoconstriction. It is concluded that, if 5-HT is involved in the pathophysiological processes of respiratory diseases in cattle, a 5-HT2 blockade with metrenperone at a dose rate of 0.100 mg kg-1 and with a dosage interval of 12 hours should improve pulmonary function. [less ▲]

The functional proof of the diaphragm's specific type of motor innervation in Ongulae

(1993)

Cardiovascular Response to Acute Hypoxia in Double-Muscled Calves

in Research in Veterinary Science (1992), 52(3), 316-24

Hypoxic-induced pulmonary hypertension is known to be intensive in the bovine species and sometimes leads to pathological cardiac repercussions. On the other hand, doubled-muscled cattle are predisposed ... [more ▼]

Hypoxic-induced pulmonary hypertension is known to be intensive in the bovine species and sometimes leads to pathological cardiac repercussions. On the other hand, doubled-muscled cattle are predisposed to develop hypoxaemia during exercise and with respiratory diseases. Therefore the purpose of this study was to investigate the cardiovascular response to acute hypoxia in double-muscled calves compared with calves of standard conformation. Pulmonary arterial pressure, electrocardiogram and blood temperature were simultaneously recorded, arterial blood was sampled for blood gas analysis and cardiac output was determined in six Friesian calves and six double-muscled calves of the Belgian White and Blue breed(BWB) when breathing air (fractional inspiratory oxygen concentration [FIO2]: 21 per cent) and when breathing a hypoxic gas mixture (FIO2: 10 per cent). All the absolute values of the measured parameters were significantly (P less than or equal to 0.001) different between the two breeds, except heart rate and arterial blood gas values. The pattern of hypoxic-induced decrease in arterial PO2 was similar in the two breeds of calves, suggesting that the pulmonary exchange capacities during hypoxia are no less efficient in double-muscled calves than in calves of standard conformation. Similarly, the percentage of variation of the mean pulmonary arterial pressure from its normoxic to its hypoxic value was the same in the two breeds of calves, suggesting that double-muscled calves are not predisposed to develop a more precocious or more intense pulmonary hypertension for a given level of hypoxaemia. The significantly smaller normoxic and hypoxic cardiac index and stroke index found in BWB compared with Friesian calves was interpreted as a less efficient cardiac function in double-muscled subjects. [less ▲]

Influence of training on ventilatory and cardio-respiratory parameters measured during a standardised exercise in thoroughbred horses

in Proceedings of the 11th Comparative Respiratory Society Meeting (1992)

Training-induced changes in cardio-respiratory parameters during a standardised exercise in thoroughbred horses

in Archives Internationales de Physiologie et de Biochimie (1992)

Measurement of leg blood flow in calves by the thermodilution method : a technical study

in Archives Internationales de Physiologie et de Biochimie (1992)

La fatigue du diaphragme: un risque vital au cours des pneumonies ?

in Proceedings of the XVIIth World Buiatrics Congress (1992)

Effect of experimentally induced acute pneumonia on diaphragmatic strength generation in neonatal calves

in Archives Internationales de Physiologie et de Biochimie (1992)