Foreword

in Microbial Drug Resistance : Mechanism, Epidemiology, & Disease (1996), 2(1), 5-5

Streptomyces K15 active-site serine DD-transpeptidase: specificity profile for peptide, thiol ester and ester carbonyl donors and pathways of the transfer reactions.

in Biochemical Journal (1995), 307(Pt 2), 335-339

The Streptomyces K15 transferase is a penicillin-binding protein presumed to be involved in bacterial wall peptidoglycan crosslinking. It catalyses cleavage of the peptide, thiol ester or ester bond of ... [more ▼]

The Streptomyces K15 transferase is a penicillin-binding protein presumed to be involved in bacterial wall peptidoglycan crosslinking. It catalyses cleavage of the peptide, thiol ester or ester bond of carbonyl donors Z-R1-CONH-CHR2-COX-CHR3-COO- (where X is NH, S or O) and transfers the electrophilic group Z-R1-CONH-CHR2-CO to amino acceptors via an acyl-enzyme intermediate. Kinetic data suggest that the amino acceptor behaves as a simple alternative nucleophile at the level of the acyl-enzyme in the case of thiol ester and ester donors, and that it binds to the enzyme.carbonyl donor Michaelis complex and influences the rate of enzyme acylation by the carbonyl donor in the case of amide donors. Depending on the nature of the scissile bond, the enzyme has different requirements for substituents at positions R1, R2 and R3. [less ▲]

Erratum for : primary structure of the streptomyces R61 extracellular DD-peptidase. 1. Cloning into Streptomyces lividans and nucleotide sequence of the gene

in European Journal of Biochemistry (1994), 224(3), 1079

This is the correction of the fig. 5 of Primary structure of the Streptomyces R61 extracellular DD-peptidase. 1. Cloning into Streptomyces Zividuns and nucleotide sequence of the gene, by C. Duez, C ... [more ▼]

This is the correction of the fig. 5 of Primary structure of the Streptomyces R61 extracellular DD-peptidase. 1. Cloning into Streptomyces Zividuns and nucleotide sequence of the gene, by C. Duez, C. Piron-Fraipont, B. Joris, J. Dusart, M. S. Urdea, J. A. Martial, J.-M. Frère and J.-M. Ghuysen. European Journal of Biochemistry Volume 162, Issue 3, pages 509–518, February 1987 [less ▲]

Site-directed mutagenesis of penicillin-binding protein 3 of Escherichia coli: role of Val-545

in FEMS Microbiology Letters (1994), 121(2), 251-256

Val545 of the Escherichia coli penicillin-binding protein 3 is essential to the acyl transfer mechanism through which the active-site serine 307 is acylated by benzylpenicillin and cephalexin and to the ... [more ▼]

Val545 of the Escherichia coli penicillin-binding protein 3 is essential to the acyl transfer mechanism through which the active-site serine 307 is acylated by benzylpenicillin and cephalexin and to the mechanism through which the protein allows rapidly growing cells to divide. [less ▲]

Engineering and Overexpression of Periplasmic Forms of the Penicillin-Binding Protein 3 of Escherichia Coli

in Biochemical Journal (1994), 298(1), 189-195

Replacement of the 36 and 56 N-terminal amino acid residues of the 588-amino-acid-residue membrane-bound penicillin-binding protein 3 (PBP3) of Escherichia coli by the OmpA signal peptide allows export of ... [more ▼]

Replacement of the 36 and 56 N-terminal amino acid residues of the 588-amino-acid-residue membrane-bound penicillin-binding protein 3 (PBP3) of Escherichia coli by the OmpA signal peptide allows export of F37-V577 PBP3 and G57-V577 PBP3 respectively into the periplasm. The modified ftsI genes were placed under the control of the fused lpp promoter and lac promoter/operator; expression of the truncated PBP3s was optimized by varying the copy number of the recombinant plasmids and the amount of LacI repressor, and export was facilitated by increasing the SecB content of the producing strain. The periplasmic PBP3s (yield 8 mg/l of culture) were purified to 70% protein homogeneity. They require the presence of 0.25 M NaCl to remain soluble. Like the membrane-bound PBP3, they undergo processing by elimination of the C-terminal decapeptide I578-S588, they bind penicillin in a 1:1 molar ratio and they catalyse hydrolysis and aminolysis of acyclic thioesters that are analogues of penicillin. The membrane-anchor-free PBP3s have ragged N-termini. The G57-V577 PBP3, however, is less prone to proteolytic degradation than the F37-V577 PBP3. [less ▲]

Biochemistry of the penicilloyl serine transferases

in Ghuysen, Jean-Marie; Hackenbeck, Regine (Eds.) Bacterial cell wall (1994)

Detailed Study of a Molecule in a Molecule N-Acetyl-L-Tryptophanamide in a Active-Site Model of Alpha-Chymotrypsin

in Journal of the American Chemical Society (1994), 116(6), 2548-2556

Six complexes between a model active site of alpha-chymotrypsin (261 atoms) and N-acetyl-L-tryptophanamide (33 atoms) were optimized at the semiempirical AM1 level. In one of these complexes, a water ... [more ▼]

Six complexes between a model active site of alpha-chymotrypsin (261 atoms) and N-acetyl-L-tryptophanamide (33 atoms) were optimized at the semiempirical AM1 level. In one of these complexes, a water molecule was included. A detailed study at the geometric and energetic levels is presented. The discussion deals with the nature of the interaction, the effect of the environment, the ligand deformation, the backbone relaxation, the water molecule freedom, and the comparison with the molecular mechanics results. [less ▲]

Modular Design of the Bi(multi) functional penicillin-binding proteins

in De pedro; Höltje, J. V.; Loffelhardt, W. (Eds.) Bacterial Growth & Lysis Metabolism and Structure of the Bacterial Sacculus (1993, June 30)

Proceedings of a symposium held in Mallorca, Spain in April 1992. The goal of the meeting was to assess the present state of knowledge on the structure and physiology of the bacterium murien sacculus, and ... [more ▼]

Proceedings of a symposium held in Mallorca, Spain in April 1992. The goal of the meeting was to assess the present state of knowledge on the structure and physiology of the bacterium murien sacculus, and develop new hypotheses and strategies to promote further development of the field. The contributions reflect broadly different approaches. Papers discuss structure and chemistry, biosynthesis and maturation, regulation and control of cell wall hydrolases, penicillin interactive proteins, morphogenesis and septum formation, and cell growth. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com) [less ▲]

Cloning and Sequencing of the Low-Affinity Penicillin-Binding Protein 3r-Encoding Gene of Enterococcus Hirae S185: Modular Design and Structural Organization of the Protein

in Journal of Bacteriology (1993), 175(10), 2844-2852

The clinical isolate Enterococcus hirae S185 has a peculiar mode of resistance to penicillin in that it possesses two low-affinity penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs): the 71-kDa PBP5, also found in other ... [more ▼]

The clinical isolate Enterococcus hirae S185 has a peculiar mode of resistance to penicillin in that it possesses two low-affinity penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs): the 71-kDa PBP5, also found in other enterococci, and the 77-kDa PBP3r. The two PBPs have the same low affinity for the drug and are immunochemically related to each other. The PBP3r-encoding gene has been cloned and sequenced, and the derived amino acid sequence has been compared by computer-assisted hydrophobic cluster analysis with that of the low-affinity PBP5 of E. hirae R40, the low-affinity PBP2' of Staphylococcus aureus, and the PBP2 of Escherichia coli used as the standard of reference of the high-M(r) PBPs of class B. On the basis of the shapes, sizes, and distributions of the hydrophobic and nonhydrophobic clusters along the sequences and the linear amino acid alignments derived from this analysis, the dyad PBP3r-PBP5 has an identity index of 78.5%, the triad PBP3r-PBP5-PBP2' has an identity index of 29%, and the tetrad PBP3r-PBP5-PBP2'-PBP2 (of E. coli) has an identity index of 13%. In spite of this divergence, the low-affinity PBPs are of identical modular design and possess the nine amino acid groupings (boxes) typical of the N-terminal and C-terminal domains of the high-M(r) PBPs of class B. At variance with the latter PBPs, however, the low-affinity PBPs have an additional approximately 110-amino-acid polypeptide stretch that is inserted between the amino end of the N-terminal domain and the carboxy end of the membrane anchor. While the enterococcal PBP5 gene is chromosome borne, the PBP3r gene appears to be physically linked to the erm gene, which confers resistance to erythromycin and is known to be plasmid borne in almost all the Streptococcus spp. examined. [less ▲]

Energy Analysis on Small to Medium-Sized H-Bonded Complexes

in Theoretica Chimica Acta (1993), 85(6), 409-421

Dimers (water-methanol, guanine-cytosine) as well as trimers (methanol-water-imidazole, formamide-methylformate-formamide), are studied as H-bonded complexes of increasing complexity. All the investigated ... [more ▼]

Dimers (water-methanol, guanine-cytosine) as well as trimers (methanol-water-imidazole, formamide-methylformate-formamide), are studied as H-bonded complexes of increasing complexity. All the investigated conformations have been fully optimized. In particular, it is the first time that all the intra- and intermolecular parameters of the guanine-cytosine complex are left variable. In minimal basis sets, the planar conformation has been found to be a first-order critical point. The minimal basis set MINI-1 has been adapted to provide nearly planar amides. The stability of the complexes is accounted for by four energy components of the same order: the first-order term (electrostatic + exchange), the polarization, the charge transfer and the correlation terms. In the case of the studied trimers, the energy components, apart from the electrostatic one, have been found to be nearly additive. [less ▲]