Study of the cholesterol extraction capacity of β-cyclodextrin and its derivatives, relationships with their effects on endothelial cell viability and on membrane models

in Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry (2009), 63(3-4), 225-231

Endothelial cells (HUVEC) were treated with β-cyclodextrin and hydroxypropylated or methylated derivatives solutions in order to quantify their cholesterol extraction capacity. Non-toxic concentrations of ... [more ▼]

Endothelial cells (HUVEC) were treated with β-cyclodextrin and hydroxypropylated or methylated derivatives solutions in order to quantify their cholesterol extraction capacity. Non-toxic concentrations of cyclodextrins (CDs) were determined following methyl thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assays, total protein measurements, morphological observations and trypan blue assays. The residual cholesterol content of cells was measured and the extraction power of CDs compared to results obtained by phase solubility diagrams. Cholesterol was extracted with a dose-response relationship, the lowest residual cholesterol content being obtained with β-CD at 10 mM. Low substituted derivatives (Crysmeb® and hydroxypropyl-β-CD) maintained liposomes integrity (as shown before), were the less cytotoxic and presented the lowest affinity for cholesterol contrary to methylated derivatives with degrees of substitution around 2. [less ▲]

CHARACTERIZATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF PEPTIDE ENCAPSULATION IN PEGYLATED LIPOSOMES

Poster (2009)

Purpose: The purpose of this work is to study the peptide encapsulation into PEGylated liposomes. Two formulations (SPC:CHOL:mPEG-750-DSPE (47:47:6) or SPC:CHOL:mPEG-2000-DSPE (47:47:6)) were investigated ... [more ▼]

Purpose: The purpose of this work is to study the peptide encapsulation into PEGylated liposomes. Two formulations (SPC:CHOL:mPEG-750-DSPE (47:47:6) or SPC:CHOL:mPEG-2000-DSPE (47:47:6)) were investigated. Methods: Blank SUV liposomes were prepared by the lipid film hydration and the encapsulation was achieved by applying freeze-thawing cycles. Because many factors may influence peptide entrapment (number of freeze-thawing cycles (NC), lipid concentration (LC), peptide concentration (PC), mixing time (MT) and liposome composition (COMP)), a design of experiment (DOE) was performed. Results: The screening permitted to identify two factors having a positive and significant influence on the encapsulation efficiencies (NC and LC) while the liposome composition had a relatively weak effect. For the second part of the DOE, the positive factors were optimized for liposomes containing mPEG2000. The obtained results revealed a theoretical optimum at 64.75±3.55% when 11 cycles were applied and for the following LC: 36.1mM SPC, 36.1mM CHOL and 4mM mPEG-2000-DSPE. Experimental results showed an encapsulation efficiency of 62.68±2.93%. Conclusion: The DOE led to significant improvement of encapsulation for liposomes containing mPEG2000. Thereafter, an optimization design for liposomes containing mPEG750 will be started. Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the Ministry of the Walloon Region. [less ▲]

CHARACTERIZATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF PEPTIDE ENCAPSULATION IN PEGYLATED LIPOSOMES

Poster (2009)

Purpose: Print 3G is a peptidic antagonist of oncoprotein involved in breast cancer, containing 25 amino acids. The purpose of this work is to study the peptide encapsulation into PEGylated liposomes. Two ... [more ▼]

Purpose: Print 3G is a peptidic antagonist of oncoprotein involved in breast cancer, containing 25 amino acids. The purpose of this work is to study the peptide encapsulation into PEGylated liposomes. Two formulations composed of SPC:CHOL:mPEG-750-DSPE (47:47:6) or SPC:CHOL:mPEG-2000-DSPE (47:47:6) were investigated. Methods: Unilamellar vesicles containing either mPEG750 or mPEG2000 were prepared by hydration of lipid films method. Unfortunately, a loss of Print 3G was observed during the different steps of this manufacturing technique giving rise to encapsulation efficiencies close to 0 %. Thus, the freeze-thawing method was used to enhance the amount of Print 3G encapsulated into blank liposomes prepared using the above procedure. Because many factors may influence the peptide entrapment into the vesicles (number of freeze-thawing cycles, lipid concentration, peptide concentration, mixing time and liposome composition), a design of experiment was performed (for the screening, a Plackett and Burman plan; for the optimization, a central composite design). Results: The encapsulation efficiencies obtained by the freeze-thawing method in standard conditions, varied between 17.26 ± 0.46 % (n=3) for liposomes containing mPEG750 and 26.20 ± 7.98 % (n=3) for those comprising mPEG2000. Among the different considered factors, the screening permitted to identify two factors having a positive and significant influence on the encapsulation efficiencies: the number of freeze-thawing cycles and the lipid concentration, while the presence of mPEG2000 or mPEG750 had a relatively weak effect on the encapsulation. Concerning the peptide concentration and the mixing time, no influence was revealed. For the second part of the DOE, the positive factors were optimized for the liposomes containing mPEG2000. The obtained results for liposomes containing mPEG2000 revealed a theoretical optimum at 64.75 ± 3.55 % when 11 freeze-thawing cycles were applied and for the following lipid concentrations: 36.1 mM SPC, 36.1 mM CHOL and 4mM mPEG-2000-DSPE. The experimental results showed an encapsulation efficiency of 62.68 ± 2.93 %. Conclusion: Changing the manufacturing technique permitted a significant encapsulation of Print 3G into liposomes. The DOE led to a significant improvement of encapsulation efficiencies for the liposomes containing mPEG2000. Thereafter, an optimization design for liposomes containing mPEG750 will be started. Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the Ministry of the Walloon Region. [less ▲]

Porous pellets as drug delivery system

in Drug Development & Industrial Pharmacy (2009), 35(6), 655-662

Background: Multi particulate drug delivery systems, such as pellets, are frequently used as they offer therapeutic advantages over single-unit dosage forms. Aim: Development of porous pellets followed by ... [more ▼]

Background: Multi particulate drug delivery systems, such as pellets, are frequently used as they offer therapeutic advantages over single-unit dosage forms. Aim: Development of porous pellets followed by evaluation of potential drug loading techniques. Method: Porous microcrystalline pellets were manufactured and evaluated as drug delivery system. Pellets consisting of Avicel PH 101 and NaCl (70%,w/w) were prepared by extrusion/spheronization. The NaCl fraction was extracted with water and after drying porous pellets were obtained (33.2% porosity). Immersion of the porous pellets in a 15% and 30% (w/v) metoprolol tartrate solution, ibuprofen impregnation via supercritical fluids and paracetamol layering via fluidized bed coating were evaluated as drug loading techniques. Results: Raman spectroscopy revealed that immersion of the pellets in a drug solution and supercritical fluid impregnation allowed the drug to penetrate into the porous structure of the pellets. The amount of drug incorporated depended on the solubility of the drug in the solvent (water or supercritical CO2). Drug release from the porous pellets was immediate and primarily controlled by pure diffusion. Conclusion: The technique described in this research work is suitable for the production of porous pellets. Drug loading via immersion the pellets in a drug solution and supercritical fluid impregnation resulted in a drug deposition in the entire pellet in contrast to fluid bed layering where drugs were only deposed on the pellet surface. [less ▲]

Preliminary studies of development of oral pharmaceutical dosage forms contained extracts of Artemisia annua cultivated in Benin

in Proceedings of 2nd PharmSci Fair (2009)

MUCOADHESIVE PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING CHEMOATTRACTANTS.

Patent (2008)

Controlled release of drugs from multi-component biomaterials

in Acta Biomaterialia (2008), 4(6), 1788-1796

In order to control their release, drugs are encapsulated into systems which are expected to provide a certain site with a predetermined amount of drug over a well-defined period of time. Here we report ... [more ▼]

In order to control their release, drugs are encapsulated into systems which are expected to provide a certain site with a predetermined amount of drug over a well-defined period of time. Here we report on a multi-component drug delivery biomaterial that consists of a hydrogel matrix in which drug-loaded biodegradable microcarriers are dispersed, and whose potential applications could be found in the design of implantable devices with long-term activity, as required by contraceptive and hormone replacement treatments. The release profile of the drug can actually be tuned by the complex interplay of several release mechanisms, including the permeability and eventually the degradation rate of the microcarriers and the diffusion through the hydrogel. The hydrogel consisted of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate cross-linked by ethylene glycol dimethacrylate. The microcarriers were biodegradable poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) microspheres in which active molecules, such as levonorgestrel (LNG), were encapsulated. The hydrogels were characterized by water swelling, thermal properties, LNG diffusion through drug-free and drug-depleted hydrogel membranes and LNG release from devices with drug dispersed in the hydrogel. The PCL microspheres were observed by scanning electron microscopy; their size distribution, LNG loading and release were also investigated. The hydrogel-microsphere assemblies were characterized in terms of the distribution of the microspheres within the hydrogel, water swelling and the release of the encapsulated molecules. The developed device, due to its composite structure, has the ability to combine several release mechanisms, leading to drug release obeying zero-order kinetics for most of the time. [less ▲]

Betamethasone in cyclodextrin in deformable liposomes, a new cutaneous delivery system: characterization and in vitro diffusion studies

Conference (2008, October 10)

Active Substance Delivery System Comprising A Hydrogel Matrix And Microcarriers

Patent (2008)

Theoretical and Experimental Vibrational Study of Miconazole and Its Dimers with Organic Acids: Application to the IR Characterization of Its Inclusion Complexes with Cyclodextrins

in International Journal of Pharmaceutics (2008), 350(1-2), 155-165

The geometry, frequency and intensity of the vibrational bands of miconazole were derived from the density functional theory (DFT) calculations with the hybrid functional B3LYP and the 6-31G(d) basis set ... [more ▼]

The geometry, frequency and intensity of the vibrational bands of miconazole were derived from the density functional theory (DFT) calculations with the hybrid functional B3LYP and the 6-31G(d) basis set. Starting from the fully AM1 optimized geometries of miconazole/betaCD/acids complexes, the miconazole/acid dimers were reoptimized at the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level. Three acids were studied: maleic, fumaric and l-tartaric acids. To begin with the vibrational spectral data obtained from solid phase in mid FT-IR spectrum of miconazole and its dimers are assigned based on the results of the normal modes calculations. All the observed spectra and the calculated ones are found to be in good agreement. In a second step, theoretical results allowed the assignment of FT-IR spectrum for the miconazole/HPgammaCD inclusion complex produced by supercritical carbon dioxide treatment and confirmed the inclusion of miconazole. The experimental spectra for the miconazole/HPgammaCD/acids complexes prepared by supercritical carbon dioxide processing were also assigned using theoretical results. The results confirmed the presence of a genuine inclusion complex and also the interaction between miconazole and the acid. [less ▲]