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See detailLevels and congener distributions of PCDDs, PCDFs and non-ortho PCBs in Belgian foodstuffs - Assessment of dietary intake
Focant, Jean-François ULg; Eppe, Gauthier ULg; Pirard, C. et al

in Chemosphere (2002), 48(2), 167-179

Congener-specific analyses of 7 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), 10 polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and 4 non-ortho (coplanar) polychlorinated biphenyls (cPCBs) were performed on 197 ... [more ▼]

Congener-specific analyses of 7 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), 10 polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and 4 non-ortho (coplanar) polychlorinated biphenyls (cPCBs) were performed on 197 foodstuffs samples of animal origin from Belgium during years 2000 and 2001. All investigated matrices (except horse) present background levels lower than the Belgian non-commercialization value of 5 pg TEQ/g fat. Pork was the meat containing the lowest concentration of both PCDD/Fs and cPCBs. The mean background concentration of 2,3,7,8-TCDD toxicity equivalent in milk was 1.1 pg/g of fat, with a congener distribution typical of non-contaminated milk. The relative contribution of 2,3,7,8-TCDD, 2,3,7,8-TCDF, 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD and 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF to the PCDD/Fs TEQ was 85 +/- 7.9% for all investigated matrices. The cPCBs contribution to the total TEQ was 47 +/- 19.0% for products of terrestrial species and 69 +/- 20.0% for aquatic species. Once the contribution of cPCBs was added to the TEQ, few foodstuffs such as horse, sheep, beef, eggs and cheese presented levels above the future European guidelines that currently only include PCDD/Fs but will be re-evaluated later in order to include 'dioxin-like' PCBs. Based on levels measured in the samples, the estimation of the dietary intake was 65.3 pg WHO-TEQ/day for PCDD/Fs only (1.00 pg WHO-TEQ/kg bw/day, for a 65 kg person) and 132.9 pg WHO-TEQ/day if cPCBs were included (2.04 pg WHO-TEQ/kg bw/day, for a 65 kg person). Meat (mainly beef), dairy products, and fish each account for roughly one third of the intake. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. [less ▲]

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See detailPCDD/F and non-ortho PCB body burden of the general population in Wallonia, Belgium: impact of different sources of environmental pollution
Fierens, S.; Mairesse, Hélène; Focant, Jean-François ULg et al

in Organohalogen Compounds (2002), 55

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See detailClean-up and determination of Organochlorine and Organobromine Compounds
Pirard, Catherine; Douny, Caroline ULg; Eppe, Gauthier ULg et al

in Organohalogen Compounds (2002)

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See detailComparison of HRGC-MS/MS and HRGC-HRMS results on environmental and food samples in some European laboraratories
Helen, Céline; Marchand, Philippe; Laplanche, Alain et al

in Organohalogen Compounds (2002)

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See detailFast Clean-up for Polychlorinated Dibenzo-P-Dioxins, Dibenzofurans and Coplanar Polychlorinated Biphenyls Analysis of High-Fat-Content Biological Samples
Focant, Jean-François ULg; Eppe, Gauthier ULg; Pirard, Catherine et al

in Journal of Chromatography. A (2001), 925(1-2), 207-21

A fast clean-up procedure for the low level analysis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins. polychlorinated dibenzofurans and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls in highly fatty biological matrices using ... [more ▼]

A fast clean-up procedure for the low level analysis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins. polychlorinated dibenzofurans and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls in highly fatty biological matrices using high capacity disposable multi-layer silica columns is presented. Results were compared with gel permeation chromatography for removal of lipids. Analytical criteria such as recovery rates, repeatability, reproducibility and robustness are evaluated through a broad range of biological matrices and reference materials analysis. The final proposed procedure for the complete analysis, including pressurized liquid extraction, Power-Prep system clean-up and GC-high-resolution MS analysis requires only 48 h, and allows the simultaneous preparation of up to 10 samples. [less ▲]

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See detailPTV-LV Injection Coupled to Capillary GC Ion Trap MS/MS as Alternative Method for PCDD/Fs Analysis in Foods.
Eppe, Gauthier ULg; Focant, Jean-François ULg; Pirard, C. et al

in Organohalogen compounds (2001), 50

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See detailAn improved Clean-up Strategy for Simultaneous Analysis of PCDDs, PCDFs, and PCBs in Biological Samples.
Pirard, C.; Focant, Jean-François ULg; Eppe, Gauthier ULg et al

in Organohalogen Compounds (2001), 50

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See detailLevels and Profile of PCDD/Fs and cPCBs in Belgian Breast Milk
Focant, Jean-François ULg; Pirard, C.; Andre, J.-E. et al

in Organohalogen Compounds (2001), 52

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See detailDioxin Body Burden of Populations Living in the Vicinity of Two Municipal Solid Waste Incinerators (MSWI) in Belgium
Fierens, S.; mairesse, H.; Focant, Jean-François ULg et al

in Organohalogen Compounds (2001), 52

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See detailOptimisation and Use of Tandem-in-Time Mass Spectrometry in Comparison with Immunoassay and Hrgc/Hrms for Pcdd/F Screening
Focant, Jean-François ULg; Eppe, Gauthier ULg; De Pauw, Edwin ULg

in Chemosphere (2001), 43(4-7, May-Jun), 417-24

Rapid screening of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans using quadrupole ion storage tandem-in-time mass spectrometry (QISTMS) conjointly with polyclonal antibody ... [more ▼]

Rapid screening of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans using quadrupole ion storage tandem-in-time mass spectrometry (QISTMS) conjointly with polyclonal antibody immunoassay has been considered. The optimisation of the fragmentation of the parent ion in the trap has been completed. The analysis of fly ashes from a municipal waste incinerator contaminated at different levels has then been realised. Results obtained using QISTMS, HRMS and immunoassay are compared. [less ▲]

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See detailDevelopment of a new hydrocarbon index for oil-in-water
Kvernheim, A. L.; Lund, H. S.; Berg, B. et al

in Chemosphere (1999), 39(15), 2707-2722

A new robust method for determination of hydrocarbons in water without use of Freon(TM) or other halogenated solvents has been validated and subjected to an interlaboratory exercise. The method is based ... [more ▼]

A new robust method for determination of hydrocarbons in water without use of Freon(TM) or other halogenated solvents has been validated and subjected to an interlaboratory exercise. The method is based on extraction with a light hydrocarbon (boiling point in the 39-69 degrees C range), followed by cleanup for removal of polar components and detection by gas chromatography (GC) with flame ionisation (FID) detection. The performance characteristics of the method are comparable with that of the previous Freon-IR method with recoveries in the 60-80% range and reproducibility (between laboratory variations) of about 30%. A screening method for hydrocarbons in the range 5 ppm and above based on infrared spectroscopy (IR), and a promising method for detection of low levels based on solid phase extraction (SPE) has been tested and validated. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. [less ▲]

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See detailSupercritical fluid extraction of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins from fly ash: the importance of fly ash origin and composition on extraction efficiency
Windal, I.; Eppe, Gauthier ULg; Gridelet, A. C. et al

in Journal of Chromatography. A (1998), 819(1-2), 187-195

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (dioxins) from by ash samples, collected at different municipal waste incinerators, was investigated using supercritical CO2 and ... [more ▼]

Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (dioxins) from by ash samples, collected at different municipal waste incinerators, was investigated using supercritical CO2 and compared to the classical Soxhlet extraction. Results were correlated to fly ash composition, which is strongly related to the fume purification system used in the incinerators. Fly ash collected at the bottom of the electrostatic precipitator is composed of dust coming from the combustion unit, but also of lime and eventually of activated charcoal injected in the fumes for acids and pollutants removal. When only lime is used for the fume purification, SFE of dioxins from fly ash leads to better results than Soxhlet extraction. The use of a binary cosolvent (trifluoroacetic acid in toluene) greatly increases the percentage recovery. When activated charcoal is used in conjunction with lime for the fume purification, SFE under classical extraction conditions is not powerful enough to extract dioxins, which are strongly adsorbed to the residual activated charcoal. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. [less ▲]

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