Ad libitum feeding following ovariectomy in female Beagle dogs: effect on maintenance energy requirement and on blood metabolites.

in Journal of Animal Physiology & Animal Nutrition (2004), 88(3-4), 117-21

The aim of this study was (i) to evaluate the effect of ovariectomy on daily energy requirement in Beagle dogs, and (ii) to evaluate the effects of ad libitum feeding with a high energy diet on energy ... [more ▼]

The aim of this study was (i) to evaluate the effect of ovariectomy on daily energy requirement in Beagle dogs, and (ii) to evaluate the effects of ad libitum feeding with a high energy diet on energy consumption, body weight gain and blood metabolites in these spayed dogs. Four young adult female Beagle dogs were used. Ovariectomy induced a significant decrease of daily energy requirement in dogs. Ad libitum feeding, initiated 6 months after spaying, induced a significant increase in consumption in spayed dogs. This overconsumption was greatest during the first month of ad libitum feeding but continued for the entire 4 months of this period. When fed ad libitum, dogs gained excess body weight without significant effect on plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose and insulin, at short term. These data suggest that energy intake should be strictly controlled to avoid excess weight gain in spayed dogs. [less ▲]

Stress echocardiography in horses: comparison of cardiac output during incremental dobutamine infusion in atropinised and non-atropinised ponies

in Proceedings of the 42d Annual Congress of the British Equine Veterinairy Association (2003, September)

Prognostic value of clinical signs and blood parameters in equids suffering from acute hepatic insufficiency: a retrospective study on 31 cases

in Proceedings of the 21st ACVIM annual meeting, Charlotte, North Carolina (2003)

Rhinitis/Bronchopneumonia syndrome in Irish Wolfhounds.

in Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine (2003), 17(6), 843-9

This study describes the clinical, immunologic, genetic, and pathologic features of Irish Wolfhounds with rhinitis/bronchopneumonia syndrome. The dogs examined were from Belgium, The Netherlands, UK ... [more ▼]

This study describes the clinical, immunologic, genetic, and pathologic features of Irish Wolfhounds with rhinitis/bronchopneumonia syndrome. The dogs examined were from Belgium, The Netherlands, UK, Canada, Germany, and Switzerland. Signs included transient to persistent mucoid or mucopurulent rhinorrhea, cough, and respiratory dyspnea. Radiographic, rhinoscopic, and bronchoscopic findings were variable. Analysis of ciliary ultrastructure was performed in 5 affected dogs, but no characteristic primary ciliary defects (primary ciliary dyskinesia) were detected. Serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) concentrations of IgA, IgG, and IgM were determined in some affected dogs and clinically normal Irish Wolfhounds. Serum IgA concentration was below the reference range in 5 of 8 affected dogs tested, whereas BALF IgA concentration was above the normal range in 2 affected adult dogs. The CD4 to CD8 lymphocyte subset ratio (CD4:CD8) in peripheral blood was tested in 3 affected dogs and was within the normal range. BALF CD4:CD8 was tested in 1 affected dog and was higher than the normal range. Decreased neutrophil phagocytosis was observed in 1 of the 4 dogs tested. Analysis of pedigrees of the Belgian, Canadian, German, and Swiss dogs revealed common ancestry, suggesting a heritable syndrome. [less ▲]

Defense of the bovine mammary gland by polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes

in Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia (2002), 7(2), 109-121

The primary phagocytic cells of the bovine mammary gland, polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes (PMN), and macrophages, comprise the first line of defense against invading pathogens. In the normal ... [more ▼]

The primary phagocytic cells of the bovine mammary gland, polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes (PMN), and macrophages, comprise the first line of defense against invading pathogens. In the normal healthy mammary gland, macrophages predominate and act as sentinels to invading mastitis-causing pathogens. Once invaders are detected, macrophages, and possibly mammary epithelial cells, release chemoattractants that direct migration of PMN into the area. In the mammary gland, protection is only effective if rapid influx of PMN from the circulation and subsequent phagocytosis and killing of bacteria occur. The second line of defense against infection consists of a network of memory cells and immunoglobulins that interact with the first line of defense. To minimize mammary tissue damage caused by bacterial toxins and oxidative products released by PMN, elimination of invading bacteria must proceed quickly. Therefore, the inflammatory response needs to be regulated. Hormones, metabolites, and acute phase proteins act to influence the outcome of mastitis, especially around parturition. The number of circulating PMN in cows during early lactation is highly heritable and closely related to susceptibility to clinical mastitis at this time. Advances in molecular biology are making available the tools, techniques, and products to study and modulate host-pathogen interactions. For example, the cloning and expression of proteins such as recombinant bovine soluble (rbos) CD (cluster of differentiation) 14 antigens, may provide ways of minimizing damaging effects of endotoxin during acute coliform mastitis. Soluble CD14 binds and neutralizes lipopolysacharide (LPS) and causes local recruitment of PMN after binding of CD14-LPS complexes to mammary epithelial cells. Development of transgenic animals that express rbosCD14 in their milk could prevent infection by Gram-negative pathogens. [less ▲]

Speed of sound measurements in the evaluation of bone properties in Holstein

in Proceedings of the XXII World Buiatrics Congress (2002)

Approche clinique des ictères et des suspicions d’insuffisance hépatique aiguë chez le cheval : une étude rétrospective sur 40 cas

in Proceedings of the Annual meeting of the French Equine Veterinary Association (AVEF) (2002)

An Immunologic investigation of canine eosinophilic bronchopneumopathy.

in Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine (2002), 16

Determination of a gravity and shock score for prognosis in equine surgical colic

in Journal of Veterinary Medicine. A, Physiology, Pathology, Clinical Medicine (2001), 48(8), 465-73

A retrospective study evaluated 200 surgical colic cases. A gravity score (GS) based on four clinical parameters estimating intestinal obstruction (rectal palpation, borborygmi, abdominal distension, pain ... [more ▼]

A retrospective study evaluated 200 surgical colic cases. A gravity score (GS) based on four clinical parameters estimating intestinal obstruction (rectal palpation, borborygmi, abdominal distension, pain) and classified into three categories was established and tested to determine if it could evaluate prognosis. A shock score (SS) based on six parameters was also attributed to each case. The overall survival rate was 54%. The statistical analysis showed a significant (P < 0.01) difference in the survival rate in the different categories of the GS, as well as in the categories of the SS. A multivariate logistic regression model showed that horses with GS 3 are 10.6 times more likely to die than those with GS 1. A model combining the two scores showed an odds ratio of 7.1 for GS 3 versus GS 1, and for SS 3 versus SS 1, the odds ratio was 7.2. [less ▲]

Spirometric performance in Belgian Blue calves: I. Effects on economic losses due to the bovine respiratory disease complex.

in Journal of Animal Science (2001), 79(5), 1301-1304

The aim of this study was to determine whether high spirometric performances in calves are associated with low economic losses due to the bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC). Five spirometric ... [more ▼]

The aim of this study was to determine whether high spirometric performances in calves are associated with low economic losses due to the bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC). Five spirometric variables (SV) were measured in 909 double-muscled Belgian Blue calves from 15 to 60 d of age. Afterward, calves were monitored for 6 mo to determine whether they developed BRDC and to determine the costs due to BRDC (i.e., medicine costs and veterinarians' fees, plus estimated financial losses due to mortality in case of death). To analyze the effects of spirometric performances on BRDC cost, a fixed linear model was used for each SV. In addition to SV, each model included the effects of sex, dam's parity, vaccination status, muscular development score, herd-period, and BW. Only herd-period and the maximal ventilation and the vital capacity had significant effects on costs due to BRDC, indicating that these two SV are major physiological determinants of economic losses associated with BRDC. Accordingly, it is assumed that an amelioration of maximal ventilation and vital capacity could result in increased resistance to BRDC in calves. [less ▲]