Synthesis of biphenylamines via Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions

in Tetrahedron (2007), 63(12), 2657-2663

A small library of meta- and para-biphenylamines substituted by various alkyl, alkoxy, phenoxy, or halogeno groups on their aromatic rings was synthesized via Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling between ... [more ▼]

A small library of meta- and para-biphenylamines substituted by various alkyl, alkoxy, phenoxy, or halogeno groups on their aromatic rings was synthesized via Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling between bromoanilines and arylboronic acids using palladium catalysts. The experimental conditions were carefully adjusted to accommodate a wide range of substituents, in terms of electron-withdrawing or -donating ability and steric bulk. In some cases, protection and deprotection of the amine function via its trifluoroacetamide were added to the reaction sequence in order to facilitate the cross-coupling step. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. [less ▲]

Olefin metathesis with ruthenium-arene catalysts bearing N-heterocyclic carbene ligands

in Dragutan, Valerian; Imamoglu, Yavuz (Eds.) Metathesis Chemistry. From nanostructure design to synthesis of advanced materials (2007)

In this chapter, we summarize the main results of our investigations on the ring-opening metathesis polymn. (ROMP) of cyclooctene catalyzed by various ruthenium (Ru)-arene complexes bearing imidazolin-2 ... [more ▼]

In this chapter, we summarize the main results of our investigations on the ring-opening metathesis polymn. (ROMP) of cyclooctene catalyzed by various ruthenium (Ru)-arene complexes bearing imidazolin-2-ylidene, imidazolidin-2-ylidene, or triazolin-5-ylidene ligands. Three major findings emerged from this study. First, we underscored the intervention of a photochem. activation step due to visible light illumination. Second, we established that the presence of an endocyclic double bond in the carbene ligand central heterocycle was not crucial to achieve high catalytic efficiencies. Third, we demonstrated that ortho-metalation of the N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand by the Ru center led to inactive catalysts. [less ▲]

Synthesis of stilbenoids via the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction catalysed by palladium N-heterocyclic carbene complexes

in Journal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical (2006), 257(1-2), 158-166

The Suzuki-Miyaura reaction of aryl halides with trans-2-phenylvinylboronic acid using a series of related in situ generated N-heterocyclic carbene palladium(II) complexes was studied in order to evaluate ... [more ▼]

The Suzuki-Miyaura reaction of aryl halides with trans-2-phenylvinylboronic acid using a series of related in situ generated N-heterocyclic carbene palladium(II) complexes was studied in order to evaluate the effect of ligand structure and electronics on the catalytic activity and to investigate the nature of the catalyst species. The nature of the substituents of the carbene ligand was found to be critical. Specifically, the presence of alkyl groups on the ortho positions of the phenyl substituents was a requisite for obtaining the most efficient catalyst systems. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [less ▲]

Synthesis and application of new N-heterocyclic carbene ruthenium complexes in catalysis: A case study

in Current Organic Chemistry (2006), 10(2), 203-215

New imidazolium and imidazolinium salts were synthesized and their ability to act as stable N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand precursors was investigated in various ruthenium-catalyzed processes. Thus ... [more ▼]

New imidazolium and imidazolinium salts were synthesized and their ability to act as stable N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand precursors was investigated in various ruthenium-catalyzed processes. Thus, 1,3-diarylimidazol(in)ium chlorides bearing the phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 4-biphenyl, 3,5-dimethylphenyl, 2-tolyl, 2,6-dimethylphenyl, 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl (mesityl), and 2,6-diisopropylphenyl substituents were prepared. They were combined with the [RuCl2(p-cymene)](2) dimer and potassium tert-butoxide or sodium hydride to generate the corresponding ruthenium-arene complexes [RuCl2(p-cymene)(NHC)] in situ. The catalytic activity of all these species was investigated in the photoinduced ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of norbornene and cyclooctene. Results from this study showed that the C4-C5 double bond in the imidazole ring of the NHC ligands was not crucial to achieve high catalytic efficiencies. The presence or the absence of alkyl groups on the ortho positions of the phenyl rings had a more pronounced influence. Blocking all the ortho positions was a requisite for obtaining efficient catalysts. Failure to do so probably resulted in the ortho-metallation of the carbene ligand, thereby altering the coordination sphere of the ruthenium active centers. Catalytic screenings were also carried out with the various imidazol(in)ium salts to evaluate their ability at promoting the cyclopropanation of styrene and cyclooctene with ethyl diazoacetate. Under the experimental conditions adopted, the exact nature of the N,N'-diaryl groups had very little influence on the outcome of these reactions. The imidazolium salts were further probed as catalyst modifiers for the Atom Transfer Radical Addition (ATRA) of carbon tetrachloride to styrene. Some species displayed a dual activity and promoted both olefin metathesis and ATRA. [less ▲]

Imidazol(in)ium-2-carboxylates as N-heterocyclic carbene precursors in ruthenium-arene catalysts for olefin metathesis and cyclopropanation

in Journal of Organometallic Chemistry (2006), 691(24-25), 5356-5365

Five imidazol(in)ium-2-carboxylates bearing cyclohexyl, mesityl, or 2,.6-diisopropylphenyl substituents on their nitrogen atoms were prepared from the corresponding N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) by ... [more ▼]

Five imidazol(in)ium-2-carboxylates bearing cyclohexyl, mesityl, or 2,.6-diisopropylphenyl substituents on their nitrogen atoms were prepared from the corresponding N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) by reaction with carbon dioxide. They were characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopies, and by TGA. Their ability to act as NHC precursors for in situ catalytic applications was probed in ruthenium-promoted olefin metathesis and cyclopropanation reactions. When visible light induced ring-opening metathesis polymerization of cyclooctene or cyclopropanation of styrene with ethyl diazoacetate were carried out at 60 degrees C in the presence of [RuCl2(p-cymene)](2), the NHC (.) CO2 adducts and their NHC (.) HX counterparts (X = Cl, BF4) displayed similar activities. When metathesis polymerizations were performed at room temperature, the carboxylates proved far superior to the corresponding imidazol(in)ium acid salts. They displayed the same level of activity as the preformed RuCl2(p-cymene)(IMes) complex, whereas the combination of NHC (.) HX and KO-t-Bu were almost totally inactive. Results obtained for cyclopropanation reactions at room temperature did not show such a large discrepancy of behavior between the two types of adducts. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. [less ▲]

Controlled radical polymerization of vinyl monomers catalyzed by ruthenium N-heterocyclic carbene complexes

in Matyjaszewski, K. (Ed.) Progress in Controlled/Living Radical Polymerization / ACS Symposium Series 944 (2006)

The relative catalytic activities of a series of ruthenium-based complexes of the general formula [RuCl2(p-cymene)(NHC)], [RuCl2(=CHPh)(PR3)(NHC)] and [RuCl2(=CHPh)(NHC)2] (NHC is a N-heterocyclic carbene ... [more ▼]

The relative catalytic activities of a series of ruthenium-based complexes of the general formula [RuCl2(p-cymene)(NHC)], [RuCl2(=CHPh)(PR3)(NHC)] and [RuCl2(=CHPh)(NHC)2] (NHC is a N-heterocyclic carbene ligand) were determined by investigating the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of methyl mathacrylate and styrene. The catalytic activity of a variety of related [RuCl(O^N)(=CHR)(NHC)] complexes and their cationic couterparts, [Ru(O^N)(=CHR)(NHC)]+BF4- (R = Ph or OEt, O^N is a Schiff base ligand), is also reported. The results clearly demonstrate that, with both methyl methacrylate and styrene, subtle modifications of the substituents of the NHC ligand lead to dramatic changes in the ability of the resulting ruthenium complexes to favor the occurence of a well-behaved ATRP. [less ▲]

Catalytic activity of N-heterocyclic carbene complexes of ruthenium and palladium in C-C bond forming reactions

Conference (2005, August)

Microwave-Enhanced Ruthenium Catalysed Atom Transfer Radical Additions

Poster (2005)

Controlled radical polymerisation of vinyl monomers catalysed by ruthenium N-heterocyclic carbene complexes

in Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof (Ed.) Controlled/living radical polymerization. From synthesis to materials (2005)

N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-modified ruthenium catalysts of type [RuCl2(p-cymene)(NHC)] (NHC = substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylidenes: 1,3-Mes2-4,5-Me2, 1,3-Mes2-4,5-H2, 1,3-Mes2-4,5-Cl2, 1,3-Cy2 ... [more ▼]

N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-modified ruthenium catalysts of type [RuCl2(p-cymene)(NHC)] (NHC = substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylidenes: 1,3-Mes2-4,5-Me2, 1,3-Mes2-4,5-H2, 1,3-Mes2-4,5-Cl2, 1,3-Cy2-4,5-Me2, and 1,3-Cy2-4,5-H2; Mes = mesityl, Cy = cyclohexyl) were prepd. beforehand or in situ by combining the [RuCl2(p-cymene)] dimer with the imidazolium salt in presence of a base (e.g., t-BuOK, Cs2CO3, or Al(OiPr)3). The catalysts were then used in homogeneous atom transfer radical polymns. of Me methacrylate and styrene. The polymn. outcome was studied in dependence of catalyst (substitution pattern) and base. [less ▲]

Catalytic applications of transition metal N-heterocyclic carbene complexes bearing nitrogen-containing substituents

Conference (2005)