References of "De Tullio, Pascal"
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See detailEffect of head-to-head addition in vinyl acetate controlled radical polymerization: why is Co(acac)2-mediated polymerization so much better?
Morin, Aurélie N.; Detrembleur, Christophe ULg; Jérôme, Christine ULg et al

in Macromolecules (2013), 46(11), 4303-4312

The controlled polymerization of vinyl acetate has been recently achieved by several techniques, but PVAc with targeted Mn and low dispersity up to very high monomer conversions and high degrees of ... [more ▼]

The controlled polymerization of vinyl acetate has been recently achieved by several techniques, but PVAc with targeted Mn and low dispersity up to very high monomer conversions and high degrees of polymerization was only obtained with Co(acac)2 as controlling agent in the so-called CMRP, a type of organometallic mediated radical polymerization (OMRP). Other techniques (including ATRP, ITP, TERP, and RAFT/MADIX) have shown a more or less pronounced slowdown in the polymerization kinetics, which was attributed to the higher strength of the C−X bond between the radical PVAc chain and the trapping agent (X) in the dormant species and to a consequent slower reactivation after a less frequent head-to-head monomer addition. The reason for the CMRP exception is clarified by the present contribution. First, a detailed investigation by 1H, 13C and multiplicity-edited HSQC and DEPT-135 NMR of the PVAc obtained by CMRP, in comparison with a regular polymer made by free radical polymerization under the same conditions, has revealed that Co(acac)2 does not significantly alter the fraction of head-to-head sequences in the polymer backbone and that there is no accumulation of Co(acac)2-capped chains with a head-to-head ω end. Hence, both dormant chains (following the head-to-head and the head-to-tail monomer additions) must be reactivated at similar rates. A DFT study shows that this is possible because the dormant chains are stabilized not only by the C−Co σ bond but also by formation of a chelate ring through coordination of the ω monomer carbonyl group. The head-to-head dormant chain contains an inherently stronger C−Co bond but forms a weaker 6-membered chelate ring, whereas the weaker C−Co bond in the head-to-tail dormant chain is compensated by a stronger 5-membered chelate ring. Combination of the two effects leads to similar activation enthalpies, as verified by DFT calculations using a variety of local, gradient-corrected, hybrid and “ad hoc” functionals (BPW91, B3PW91, BPW91*, M06 and M06L). While the BDE(C−X) of model H-VAc−X molecules [X = Cl, I, MeTe, EtOC(S)S and Co(acac)2] are functional dependent, the BDE difference between head-to-head and head-to-tail dormant chain models is almost functional insensitive, with values of 5−9 kcal/mol for the ATRP, ITP and TERP models, 3−6 for the RAFT/MADIX model, and around zero for CMRP. [less ▲]

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See detailAge-related Macular Degeneration Study: A Metabolomics Approach
LAMBERT, Vincent ULg; Hansen, Sylvain ULg; Rousseau, Réjanne et al

Conference (2013, May 23)

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See detailMEASURING VARIABILITY SOURCES IN NMR METABOLOMIC STUDIES
Rozet, Eric ULg; De Tullio, Pascal ULg; Hubert, Philippe ULg et al

Conference (2013, May 13)

Due to the huge amount of information available in NMR spectra obtained from the analysis of metabolomic experiments, multivariate analysis such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) are required to ... [more ▼]

Due to the huge amount of information available in NMR spectra obtained from the analysis of metabolomic experiments, multivariate analysis such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) are required to understand the influence of treatments over the metabolites [1]. However, many experiments in metabolomics studies have more complexes variability structures than simply comparing several treatments: they may include time effects, biological effects such as diet or hormonal status, and other blocking factors or variability sources: samples stability, age of the individuals, pH of a buffer, days of acquisition, and so on. Metabolomic data analysis needs to extract from the spectral data matrix the variations linked to a change indicated in the factor of interest. However other sources of variability may impair this objective. This stresses the importance to discover the sources of variability of the spectral metabolomic data using appropriate methodology. Classically, to analyze such data analysis of variance (ANOVA) or multivariate ANOVA (MANOVA) [2] is used. However direct application of these methodologies to NMR spectra obtained from structured metabolomics studies is inappropriate or impossible. More complex data analyses methodologies are required to understand the importance of the various factors implied in the experiments and to provide a measure of their variance components. Three related methodologies have been proposed to achieve this: ASCA [3], ANOVA-PCA [4] and AComDim [5]. The ASCA and ANOVA-PCA methodologies combine first an analysis of variance step (ANOVA) and then a PCA step. The AComDim one adds to the output of the ANOVA-PCA step a multi-block analysis. In this presentation, the usefulness and applicability of these advanced techniques to data analysis of NMR metabolomic spectra are provided to highlight the increase of knowledge gained and the estimation of main sources of variability arising in an experimental setup. Two NMR databases will be used [6]. The first one concerns human serum analyzed by 1H-NMR where three random factors are present: day of measurement (3 days), sample (2 samples per individual) and replication of analyses as well as two fixed controlled factors, time of measurement after thawing (2 times) and two protein suppression methods for the spectral pre-treatment. The second database is about the 1H-NMR analyses of rats’ urine where two different concentrations of citrate and of hippurate were deliberately added and three other sources of variability are present: urine pool diluted or not diluted, repetitions of analyses, days of analyses (three days), as well as two different spectral pre-treatment procedures. [less ▲]

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See detailAMPA receptor positive allosteric modulators: a patent review
Pirotte, Bernard ULg; Francotte, Pierre ULg; Goffin, Eric ULg et al

in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents (2013), 23

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See detailIdentification and structure elucidation of four cannabimimetic compounds in seized products
Denooz, Raphaël ULg; VAN HEUGEN, Jean-Claude ULg; Frederich, Michel ULg et al

in Journal of Analytical Toxicology (2013)

Since 2008, herbal mixtures with synthetic cannabinoid compounds have been sold as incense throughout the world. Although these new drugs are labeled as not for human consumption, these products are ... [more ▼]

Since 2008, herbal mixtures with synthetic cannabinoid compounds have been sold as incense throughout the world. Although these new drugs are labeled as not for human consumption, these products are smoked for their cannabis-like effects. This study reports the structural and spectral elucidation of four cannabimimetic compounds seized in Belgium: (4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(pentyl-1H-indol-3-yl)methanone (RCS-4), 1-(5-fluoropentyl)-3-(1-naphtoyl)indole (AM-2201), 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-1-(1-pentylindol-3-yl)ethanone (JWH-203) and 4-ethylnaphthalen-1-yl-(1-pentylindol-3-yl)methanone (JWH-210). Laboratory investigations were conducted by liquid chromatography (LC)–ultraviolet spectroscopy, high-resolution accurate mass detection and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. This combined analytical approach allowed the detection of illicit compounds for which reference materials were not available. To facilitate identification and to complete existing databases, ultraviolet spectra and NMR data of all seized products are presented. Additionally, LC–quadrupole time-of-flight data were recorded to provide absolute identification. [less ▲]

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See detailSéminaire des chercheurs Télévie 2013
Cimino, Jonathan ULg; Sounni, Nor Eddine ULg; Calligaris, David ULg et al

Poster (2012, December 10)

Séminaire des chercheurs Télévie 2013

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See detailMétabolomique et Chimie Médicinale, vers la découverte de nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques : application à la dégénérescence maculaire liée à l'âge (DMLA)
De Tullio, Pascal ULg

Conference (2012, May 25)

La métabolomique est une des sciences « omiques » les plus récemment développées. Elle consiste en l’étude de l’ensemble des composés de petit poids moléculaire (métabolites) présents dans une cellule, un ... [more ▼]

La métabolomique est une des sciences « omiques » les plus récemment développées. Elle consiste en l’étude de l’ensemble des composés de petit poids moléculaire (métabolites) présents dans une cellule, un organe, un organisme ou plus globalement un biofluide et qui constitue le métabolome. Elle s’inscrit dans la continuité de la génomique, de la transcriptomique et de la protéomique puisqu’elle étudie l’ensemble des composés de fonctionnement « terminaux » des organismes et permet de relier une modification du métabolisme à une ou plusieurs cascades biochimiques. Or, toute pathologie entraîne ou est liée inévitablement à un disfonctionnement plus ou moins important du métabolisme et donc doit modifier le profil du métabolome par des changements de concentration et l’apparition ou la disparition de certains métabolites particuliers. L’application de la métabolomique à l’étude d’une pathologie permettrait donc, en principe, de mettre en lumière des voies biologiques affectées ou modifiées par cette même pathologie. Et en ce sens, la métabolomique, tout comme la protéomique et dans une moindre mesure la génomique, identifie des cibles thérapeutiques potentielles, nouvelles ou non. En effet, en partant du principe que l’amélioration symptomatique de toute maladie est représentée par le retour à un état de fonctionnement « normal » de l’organisme affecté, c’est à dire à un profil de métabolisme « sain », il apparaît évident que moduler en ce sens les voies biochimiques identifiées par la métabolomique peut constituer une approche thérapeutique originale. Dans sa recherche de nouveaux médicaments, la Chimie Médicinale est bien entendu très « demandeuse » de nouvelles cibles ou d’approches pharmacologiques novatrices et donc la métabolomique représente un outil tout à fait intéressant pour les pharmacochimistes. Une étude métabolomique est caractérisée par différentes étapes. Elle débute par une sélection et une collecte contrôlée des échantillons à analyser (échantillons « pathologiques » et « sains »). Elle se poursuit par la préparation et l’analyse des échantillons de manière à obtenir le profil métabolique le plus complet, ce qui est en général réalisé via l’utilisation de la RMN ou de la spectrométrie de masse. Les données obtenues doivent ensuite être préparées (post-processing) pour l’analyse statistique discriminante finale (i.e. PCA ; ICA, PLS-DA…). Cette analyse doit permettre la discrimination des groupes « sain » et « malade » et l’identification des molécules entraînant cette discrimination, molécules souvent nommées « biomarqueurs ». Ces biomarqueurs peuvent ensuite être reliés à différentes voies biochimiques. La dégénérescence maculaire liée à l’âge (DMLA) est la principale cause de perte de vision dans le monde occidental. Elle est notamment caractérisée par une néovascularisation choroïdienne (NVC). Malgré le développement de nouvelles thérapies, les mécanismes moléculaires et les changements métaboliques sous-jacents à cette pathologie sont toujours mal compris. C’est pourquoi nous avons décidé d’étudier la DMLA par le biais d’une approche métabolomique basée à la fois sur l’étude de sera de patients atteints de DMLA et sur un modèle murin de NVC induite au laser. L’analyse des échantillons humains et murins a été menée par RMN du proton et a conduit à la distinction claire de deux groupes chez la souris (induites au laser ou non) et chez l’humain (patients atteints de DMLA ou sains). Chose remarquable, les « biomarqueurs » discriminants sont identiques dans l’étude clinique humaine et dans le modèle expérimental animal. Leur modulation permet une amélioration sensible des effets de l’impact laser chez la souris, laissant par la même entrevoir une possibilité de traitement efficace chez l’homme. Cette approche a donc permis non seulement d’identifier des voies biochimiques impliquées dans la pathologie et donc d’ouvrir de nouveaux axes de recherche pour une meilleure compréhension de l’étiologie de la pathologie mais également de proposer des solutions thérapeutiques potentielles novatrices. [less ▲]

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See detailN-Aryl-N'-(chroman-4-yl)ureas and thioureas display in vitro anticancer activity and selectivity on apoptosis-resistant glioblastoma cells: screening, synthesis of simplified derivatives, and structure-activity relationship analysis.
Goffin, Eric ULg; Lamoral-Theys, Delphine; Tajeddine, Nicolas et al

in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2012), 54

A series of chroman derivatives previously reported as potassium channel openers, as well as some newly synthesized simplified structures, were examined for their in vitro effects on the growth of three ... [more ▼]

A series of chroman derivatives previously reported as potassium channel openers, as well as some newly synthesized simplified structures, were examined for their in vitro effects on the growth of three human high-grade glioma cell lines: U373, T98G, and Hs683. Significant in vitro growth inhibitory activity was observed with 2,2-dimethylchroman-type nitro-substituted phenylthioureas, such as compounds 4o and 4p. Interestingly, most tested phenylureas were found to be slightly less active, but more cell selective (normal versus tumor glial cells, such as 3d, 3e, and 3g), thus less toxic, than the corresponding phenylthioureas. No significant differences were observed in terms of chroman-derivative-induced growth inhibitory effects between glioma cells sensitive to pro-apoptotic stimuli (Hs683 glioma cells) and glioma cells associated with various levels of resistance to pro-apoptotic stimuli (U373 and T98G glioma cells), a feature that suggests non-apoptotic-mediated growth inhibition. Flow cytometry analyses confirmed the absence of pro-apoptotic effects for phenylthioureas and phenylureas when analyzed in U373 glioma cells and demonstrated U373 cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase. Computer-assisted phase-contrast videomicroscopy revealed that 3d and 3g displayed cytostatic effects, while 3e displayed cytotoxic ones. As a result, this work identified phenylurea-type 2,2-dimethylchromans as a new class of antitumor agents to be further explored for an innovative therapeutic approach for high-grade glioma and/or for a possible new mechanism of action. [less ▲]

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